| 词条 | Wilbur J. Cohen | |||
| 释义 |
|name = Wilbur Cohen |image = Wilburportrait.jpg |office = 7th United States Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare |president = Lyndon B. Johnson |term_start = May 16, 1968 |term_end = January 20, 1969 |predecessor = John W. Gardner |successor = Robert Finch |birth_name = Wilbur Joseph Cohen |birth_date = {{birth date|1913|6|10}} |birth_place = Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S. |death_date = {{death date and age|1987|5|17|1913|6|10}} |death_place = Seoul, South Korea |party = Democratic |spouse = Eloise Bittel {{small|(1938–present)}} |children = 3 |education = University of Wisconsin, Madison {{small|(BA)}} }} Wilbur Joseph Cohen (June 10, 1913{{spaced ndash}}May 17, 1987) was an American social scientist and civil servant. He was one of the key architects in the creation and expansion of the American welfare state and was involved in the creation of both the New Deal and Great Society programs. Early life and careerCohen was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to Bessie (née Rubenstein) and Aaron Cohen. He was known to by several nicknames. He was once dubbed "The Man Who Built Medicare" and John F. Kennedy tagged him "Mr. Social Security", although it was Frances Perkins, the first woman Secretary of Labor (under FDR), who was the architect of social security. The New York Times called him "one of the country's foremost technicians in public welfare." Time portrayed him as a man of "boundless energy, infectious enthusiasm, and a drive for action." He was a leading expert on Social Security and a member of Americans for Democratic Action. After graduating from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1934, Cohen moved to Washington, D.C. where he was a research assistant for the committee which drafted the Social Security Act. On April 8, 1938, Cohen married Eloise Bittel. They had three sons: Christopher, Bruce and Stuart.[1] He was Director of the Bureau of Research and Statistics in charge of program development and legislative coordination with Congress for the Social Security Board (SSB), which was renamed the Social Security Administration in 1946. Kennedy and Johnson administrationsIn 1961, President John F. Kennedy appointed Cohen as Assistant Secretary for Legislation of Health, Education, and Welfare. President Lyndon B. Johnson elevated him to Under Secretary in 1965, and he served as the U.S. Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare from May 1968 to the end of Johnson's term, following the resignation of John W. Gardner. With a tenure of 249 days, Cohen became the shortest-ever secretary of that department, as the office was succeeded by the U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services in 1980. Cohen also served a shorter tenure than any Secretary of Health and Human Services did, until 2017, when Tom Price, the first Secretary of Health and Human Services of the Trump administration, resigned after just 231 days, setting a new record for the shortest tenure. Later life and deathIn 1969, Cohen retired at the end of a Johnson's administration. In 1970, Cohen served as the president of the American Public Welfare Association (renamed the American Public Human Services Association in 1997). In 1971, Cohen was elected to the Common Cause National Governing Board. In 1980 Cohen became a Professor of Public Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin.[2] The University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, where Cohen was a professor of Public Welfare Administration and lived for many years, established the Wilbur J. Cohen Collegiate Professor of Social Work professorship in his honor. He died while attending a gerontology conference in Seoul, South Korea, on May 17, 1987. He is interred at Garden of the Memories Cemetery in Kerrville, Texas. Books
References1. ^{{cite web |url= https://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/nichsr/lee.html |title= Interview with Dr. Philip Randolph Lee |author= Fitzhugh Mullan |work= History of Health Services Research Project, National Institutes of Health |date= 5 October 1988 |quote= }} 2. ^Saxon, W. [https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/19/obituaries/wilbur-cohen-leading-architect-of-social-legislation-dies-at-73.html Wilbur Cohen, Leading Architect Of Social Legislation, Dies at 73]. New York Times May 19, 1987. p. D30. 3. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.kansaspress.ku.edu/bermrs.html |title= Mr. Social Security: The Life of Wilbur J. Cohen |author= Edward D. Berkowitz. Foreword by Joseph A. Califano |work= University Press of Kansas |date= 1995 |quote= |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080509194353/http://www.kansaspress.ku.edu/bermrs.html |archivedate= 2008-05-09 |df= }}
External links
|title=United States Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare |years=May 16, 1968 – January 20, 1969 |before=John W. Gardner |after=Robert H. Finch}}{{s-end}}{{USSecHEW}}{{LBJohnson cabinet}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Cohen, Wilbur J.}} 18 : 1913 births|1987 deaths|American political writers|American male non-fiction writers|American social sciences writers|American social scientists|Jewish American social scientists|Jewish American politicians|Social Security (United States)|Scientists from Milwaukee|University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni|University of Michigan faculty|United States Secretaries of Health, Education, and Welfare|University of Texas at Austin faculty|Kennedy administration personnel|Lyndon B. Johnson administration cabinet members|20th-century American politicians|20th-century American writers |
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