| 词条 | French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission |
| 释义 |
|agency_name = French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission |nativename = Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives |nativename_a = |nativename_r = |logo = CEA_logotype2012.png |logo_width = 180 |logo_caption = |picture = |picture_width = |picture_caption = |formed = {{Start date|1945|10|18}} |date2 = |date2_name = |preceding1 = Commissariat à l'énergie atomique |preceding2 = |dissolved = |superseding = |jurisdiction = |headquarters = Paris and Gif-sur-Yvette, France |employees = 15,989 (2010)[1] |budget = €4.7 billion (2009) |chief1_name = Daniel Verwaerde |chief1_position = General administrator |chief2_name = Yves Bréchet |chief2_position = High Commissioner for Atomic Energy |parent_agency = |child1_agency = |child2_agency = |website = www.cea.fr (in English) |footnotes = }} The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission or CEA (French: Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives), is a French public government-funded research organisation in the areas of energy, defense and security, information technologies and health technologies. The CEA maintains a cross-disciplinary culture of engineers and researchers, building on the synergies between fundamental and technological research. CEA is headed by a board headed by the general administrator (currently François Jacq since April 20, 2018[2]), advised by the high-commissioner for atomic energy (currently Yves Bréchet). The missions of the CEA are equivalent to those of the United States Department of Energy. Its yearly budget amounts to 4.7 billion euros and its permanent staff is slightly under 16,000 persons.[1] It owns Areva. CEA was created in 1945; since then, the successive high-commissioners have been Frédéric Joliot-Curie, Francis Perrin, Jacques Yvon, Jean Teillac, Raoul Dautry, René Pellat, Bernard Bigot, and Daniel Verwaerde. It conducts fundamental and applied research into many areas, including the design of nuclear reactors, the manufacturing of integrated circuits, the use of radionucleides for curing illnesses, seismology and tsunami propagation, the safety of computerized systems, etc. It has one of the top 100 supercomputers in the world, the Tera-100.[3] TERA 100, first system designed and built in Europe to reach the petaflops in 2010, was ranked in 5th position in the worldwide TOP 500.[4][5] CEA is now building TERA-1000 which is a key step in the implementation of their Exascale program for the computing needs that CEA would face by 2020. In March 2016, Reuters published an article describing the "Top 25 Global Innovators – Government"[6] and placed CEA as number one amongst "The World's Most Innovative Research Institutions"[6] OrganisationCEA is divided into 5 directions, or divisions: The division of nuclear energy (DEN)The division of technological research (DRT)The CEA Tech[7] division is based on a strong scientific, industrial and academic environment and is distributed in two site of CEA at Saclay and Grenoble. The CEA Tech is focused on cutting the edge of the technological research and development in the field of energy, IT and health care information. It provides an active role in transferring the knowledge and research ideas into the industry. The CEA Tech division is further divided into three labs: CEA-LetiThe CEA-Leti[8] lab works mainly on micro/nano technologies and specializes in microsystems, biotech, photonics and nanoelectronics. It is located mainly in Grenoble, France CEA-ListThe CEA-List[9] lab works mainly on systems and software-intensive technology and specializes in embedded systems, sensors-big data and advanced manufacturing. It is located mainly in Paris-Saclay, France CEA-LitenThe CEA-Liten[10] lab works mainly on cutting edge technologies related to energy and nanomaterials. It specializes in building solar, carbon-free transports, biomass-hydrogen and nano materials-nanotechnologies. The division of life sciences (DSV)The division of sciences of matter (DSM)The division of military applications (DAM)DAM builds the nuclear weapons of the French military and designs the power plants of the nuclear submarines of the French Navy In December 2009, French President Nicolas Sarkozy declared[11] that CEA, at this time named Commissariat à l’énergie atomique ({{lang-en|Commission for Atomic Energy}}) should change its name to Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ({{lang-en|Commission for Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies}}); this change took effect on March 10, 2010, when the decision was published in the French Official Journal. FacilitiesCivilian research centres
Civilian emergency organizations
Research centres for military applications
Subsidiaries and minority interests
CEA in AcademicsUniversity Paris-Saclay (Université Paris-Saclay)CEA has played an active role in research, development and innovation in the four main areas low-carbon energies (nuclear and renewable), technologies for information and health technologies, the very large research infrastructures (TGIR), defense and global security. In each of these research areas, CEA works towards achieving excellence in making fundamental research and provides an important role for supporting industry. Moreover, two of the ten CEA centers across France have joined hands with University of Paris-Saclay[13] to work towards their vision of achieving high quality research and training. The centers which form a part of the Université Paris-Saclay are:
In general, the CEA researchers involved in the research departments of the University of Paris-Saclay represent over 20% of the university's research potential, particularly in the field of physics and engineering. CEA maintains a strong presence in training to master and engineer level by administrating INSTN, wherein various courses are taught by its researchers. CEA having around 400 researchers who hold an accreditation to supervise research, makes it a significant contributes to the research and doctoral programs of the University Paris-Saclay. INSTNThe INSTN, Institut national des sciences et techniques nucléaires (National Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology) is a public higher education institution administered by the CEA (French Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies Commission) under the joint authority of the Ministry of National Education, Higher Education and Research, the Ministry of the Economy, Industry and the Digital Sector and the Ministry of the Environment, Energy and Marine Affairs. Others
See also{{Portal|France|Energy|Nuclear technology}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web |title=Le CEA, acteur clef de la recherche technologique |publisher=CEA |language=French |year=2010 |url=http://www.cea.fr/le_cea/presentation_generale}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.cea.fr/presse/Pages/actualites-communiques/institutionnel/nomination-francois-jacq-administrateur-general-cea.aspx|title=François Jacq est nommé Administrateur général du CEA}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.top500.org/system/176928|title=Tera-100 - Bull bullx super-node S6010/S6030 {{!}} TOP500 Supercomputer Sites|website=www.top500.org|access-date=2016-11-01}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.top500.org/site/47593|title=Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA) {{!}} TOP500 Supercomputer Sites|website=www.top500.org|access-date=2016-11-01}} 5. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.bull.com/tera-1000-cea-completes-first-milestone-towards-exascale|title=TERA 1000: CEA completes first milestone towards Exascale|date=2015-11-12|newspaper=Welcome|access-date=2016-11-01}} 6. ^1 {{cite web | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-innovation-rankings-idUSKCN0WA2A5 | title=The World's Most Innovative Research Institutions | publisher=Thomson Reuters | date=8 March 2016 | accessdate=29 May 2016}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://en.drt-cea.com/accueil.htm|title=CEA Tech division|last=|first=|date=|website=en.drt-cea.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-07-28}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www-leti.cea.fr/en|title=Cea Leti - Home|last=Systems|first=eZ|website=www-leti.cea.fr|access-date=2016-11-05}} 9. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www-list.cea.fr/en/|title=Home - CEA LIST|website=www-list.cea.fr|access-date=2016-11-05}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://liten.cea.fr/cea-tech/liten|title=Accueil|last=CEA|date=2013-10-19|website=CEA/Liten|access-date=2016-11-05}} 11. ^See Les Echos in French 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://phx.corporate-ir.net/External.File?item=UGFyZW50SUQ9NTc0NjQ0fENoaWxkSUQ9Mjc3ODU1fFR5cGU9MQ==&t=1|title=2014 Annual Report|date=26 March 2015|access-date=20 February 2016|publisher=STMicroelectronics }} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.universite-paris-saclay.fr/fr/universite/membre/commissariat-a-lenergie-atomique-et-aux-energies-alternatives-cea|title=Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) {{!}} Université Paris Saclay|website=www.universite-paris-saclay.fr|access-date=2016-11-01}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www-centre-saclay.cea.fr/en|title=CEA Saclay|last=Systems|first=eZ|website=www-centre-saclay.cea.fr|access-date=2016-11-01}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://fontenay-aux-roses.cea.fr/far|title=Accueil|last=CEA|date=2013-10-19|website=CEA/Centre CEA de Fontenay-aux-Roses|access-date=2016-11-01}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.telecompaper.com/news/atos-ens-paris-saclay-and-cea-launch-academic-partnership--1169074|title=Atos, ENS Paris-Saclay and CEA launch academic partnership|website=www.telecompaper.com|access-date=2016-11-01}} 17. ^{{Cite web|url=http://inpublic.globenewswire.com/releaseDetails.faces?rId=2050182|title=GlobeNewswire: The ENS Paris-Saclay, Atos and the CEA have created the "Industrial Data Analytics & Machine Learning" Chair|website=inpublic.globenewswire.com|access-date=2016-11-01}} Bibliography
External links
7 : French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission|Government agencies of France|Governmental nuclear organizations|Nuclear energy in France|Nuclear research institutes|Nuclear technology organizations of France|University of Paris-Saclay |
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