| 词条 | William Guy Carr |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = William Guy Carr | honorific_suffix = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1895|06|02}} | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1959|10|02|1895|06|02}} | birth_place = Formby, Lancashire, England | death_place = Ontario, Canada | placeofburial = | placeofburial_label = | placeofburial_coordinates = | nickname = | birth_name = | allegiance = | branch = Royal Canadian Navy | serviceyears = | rank = Commander | servicenumber = | unit = | commands = | battles = World War I World War II | battles_label = | awards = | relations = | laterwork = | signature = | website = }} William James Guy Carr (R.D.[1] Commander R.C.N. (R)) (2 June 1895 – 2 October 1959) was an English-born Canadian naval officer, author, conspiracy theorist, who was accused of being an anti-Semite. Though he first came to prominence with books about his military experiences as a submariner, Carr later turned to writing about a vast conspiracy, which he alleged to have uncovered. He was described as "the most influential source in creating the American Illuminati demonology", according to the American folklorist Bill Ellis.[2] In the 1950s, he was the leader of the anticommunist National Federation of Christian Laymen of Toronto, Ontario. He was also one of the presidents of the Naval Club of Toronto.[3] Early lifeBorn in Formby (Lancashire, England),[4] Carr was educated in Scotland and went to sea at the age of 14.[5] Naval careerHe served as navigating officer of Her Majesty's Ship Submarines during World War I. In World War II, he was naval control officer for the St. Lawrence, staff officer operations at Shelburne, Nova Scotia, and then senior naval officer at Goose Bay, Labrador. As an officer on the staff of Commodore Reginald W. Brock, he organized the 7th Victory Loan for the 22 Royal Canadian Naval Training Divisions.[6]{{pagenumbers|date=January 2015}} His experiences in the submarine fleet in World War I became the subject of By Guess and By God (1930), prefaced by his superior, Admiral S.S. Hall, of the Submarine Service. Going through several printings, it was followed by sequels, including Hell's Angels of the Deep (1932). Conspiracy theoristIn 1931, he started giving conferences in different Canadian clubs on the topic of "International conspiracy," which was subdivided in two main subjects: "International communism" and "International capitalism," both being controlled by the Illuminati and what he called the "international bankers." The last, according to Carr, are represented mainly by the Rothschild and the Rockefeller families.[7] After working for the Canadian Intelligence Service during World War II, Carr wrote Checkmate in the North (1944), a book in which he wrote that an invasion of the Axis forces was supposed to take place in the area of the CFB Goose Bay. In 1944 and 1945, he gave other conferences on world conspiracies.{{citation needed|date=January 2015}} In the 1950s, after he retired from the Navy, Carr's writings turned essentially to conspiracy themes from a firmly l-Christian standpoint. With his Pawns in the Game (1955) and Red Fog over America (1955), he became one of the most famous postwar conspiracy theorists (500,000 copies of Pawns in the Game were sold before his death).[8] According to Political Research Associates, a group studying right-wing extremism: Carr promoted the anti-Semitic variant on conspiracism with books such as Pawns in the Game and Red Fog over America. Carr believes that an age-old Jewish Illuminati banking conspiracy used radio-transmitted mind control on behalf of Lucifer to construct a one world government. The secret nexus of the plot was supposedly the international Bilderberger meetings on banking policy. The anti-Semitic Noontide Press distributed Pawns in the Game for many years.[9] Carr's works were notably influenced by the writings of Nesta Webster and the well known French hoaxer Léo Taxil (see Taxil hoax). He also referred to the theories of Augustin Barruel and John Robison, who both explained the French Revolution as a plot by Freemasonry and linked to the German Illuminati of Adam Weishaupt, who is frequently associated to the conspiracy theory of the New World Order.[10] One of Carr's books published after his death, The Conspiracy to Destroy All Existing Governments and Religions, clearly refers to Robison's main work: Proofs of a Conspiracy Against All the Religions and Governments of Europe Carried on in the Secret Meetings of Freemasons, Illuminati and Reading Societies (1798). According to the French philosopher and historian Pierre-André Taguieff, Carr's works, especially Pawns in the Game, "largely contributed to popularise the themes of anti-Masonic conspiracism in the United States and in Canada; first, it reached the Christian fundamentalist milieu (mainly concerned with his 'Luciferian' conspiracies), then the whole far-right movement and the new generations of conspiracy theorists."[11] Dan Brown, although he probably had his information from a different source, includes in his novel Angels & Demons an interpretation of the Illuminati by an US$1 bill and repeats the main arguments of Carr in Pawns in the Game.[12]Most of the first editions of Carr's book were published by the Federation of Christian Laymen (Toronto) of which he actually was the president. He directed the monthly antimasonic newsletter of the association: News Behind the News (Willowdale, Toronto, Vol. 1, # 1, 1956-) in which he published numerous articles discussing the power of the Illuminati in US and world affairs.[13] In that paper, Carr defended the strong anticommunist of Joseph McCarthy, a Wisconsin senator. The political ideas of the Christian association were close to those of John Horne Blackmore, the first leader of the Social Credit Party of Canada,[14] and Ron Gostick, another important member of that party. Carr's Federation was closely linked with the Californian Council of Christian Laymen (1949–1964), especially with Alfred Kohlberg, Edward Geary Lansdale, and Stan Steiner.[15] The council also distributed Carr's News Behind the News, and its president was Verne Paul Kaub, also known for being an anticommunist author of conspiracy theories. In the 1950s, both organisations fought communism and were involved in a campaign against water fluoridation (brochure, 1956; articles about the topic were also published in News Behind the News in 1958).[16] The historian Daniel Pipes studied that particular case and mentioned that "in the 1950s, the National Federation of Christian Laymen portrayed fluorine as the 'devil's poison{{'"}} and considered its addition to drinking water to prevent tooth decay to be "one of the most dastardly plots ever attempted against the human race."[17] DeathCarr died in Ontario in circumstances that are still mysterious.{{To whom?|date=January 2018}} Main theoriesThree world warsOne of Carr's most-lasting contributions to modern conspiracy theories was his discussion of an alleged plan for three world wars, often referred as the 3WW, which he believed was developed by a Confederate general and Masonic scholar, Albert Pike. In Pawns in the Game, Carr claimed that World War I had been fought to enable the Illuminati to overthrow the powers of the Russian tsar and to turn Russia into the stronghold of atheistic communism. The differences stirred up by the agents of the Illuminati between the British and the German Empires were used to foment the war. After the war ended, communism was bolstered to destroy other governments and weaken religions. Later, he claimed that World War II had been fomented by using the differences between fascism and political Zionism and fought so that Nazism would be destroyed, the power of political Zionism increased, and the sovereign state of Israel could then be established in Palestine. During the war, international communism was built up until its strength equaled that of united Christendom. Then, it was contained and kept in check until required for the final social cataclysm. Moving into the future, Carr claimed that a report came into his possession through the Canadian Intelligence Service of an alleged speech in 1952 by Rabbi Emanuel Rabinovich in which it was made known that the Secret Powers wished to precipitate World War III within five years. Small nations would ally with either Russia or the United States, with Israel remaining neutral. Rabinovich was quoted as saying that there would be no more white race and no more religions.[18] Toward the end of the book, Carr states that "people who wish to remain free can follow only one plan of action. They must support Christianity against all forms of atheism and secularism."[19] Confusion has arisen as to the precise source of Carr's three world wars scenario. As is the case with many of his claims, Carr did not provide a source for that scenario, but he mentions a letter written by Pike and addressed to Italian revolutionary leader Giuseppe Mazzini, which outlined a plan for unleashing "Nihilists and Atheists" after the end of World War III. The confusion increased when Michael Haupt launched his website threeworldwars.com, which mistakenly assumed that Carr also attributed the World War Three scenario to the Pike letter. In fact, the authenticity of that letter is disputed.[20] Carr stated that he learned about the letter from the anti-Mason, Cardinal José María Caro Rodríguez of Santiago, Chile, the author of The Mystery of Freemasonry Unveiled (Hawthorne, California, Christian Book Club of America, 1971). However, Carr's later book, Satan, Prince of This World (written in 1959), included the following footnote: "The Keeper of manuscripts recently informed the author that this letter is NOT cataloged in the British Museum Library. It seems strange that a man of Cardinal Rodriguez's knowledge should have said that it WAS in 1925."[21] More recently, the British Museum confirmed in writing to researcher Michael Haupt[22] that such a document has never been in their possession. Pierre-André Taguieff states that Carr gave an ultimate and synthetic account{{Clarify|date=December 2008}} of the "legend," which links together the Illuminati, Mazzini and Pike in a satanic plot for world domination.[23] Conspiracy of Synagogue of SatanCarr's books often discuss a Luciferian conspiracy by what he called the "World Revolutionary Movement," but he later attributed the conspiracy more specifically to the "Synagogue of Satan." The term was not a reference to Judaism, Carr wrote: "I wish to make it clearly and emphatically known that I do not believe the Synagogue of Satan (S.O.S.) is Jewish, but, as Christ told us for a definite purpose, it is {{sic|comprised |hide=y|of}} 'I know the blasphemy of them which say they are Jews, and are not, but are the synagogue of Satan.' (Rev. 2:9 and 3:9)"[24] The quote is taken from Satan, Prince of this World, the book Carr that he was working on at the time of his death, was edited by his elder son, W.J. Carr, Jr., and presented as the "last manuscript [of the author] exposing the Luciferian Conspiracy, Satanism, secret societies and the Synagogue of Satan as driving forces behind the World Revolutionary Movement."[25] Carr's son also mentioned he did not publish some parts of the manuscript because many references were missing. One of the most interesting things to note about Carr's Luciferian conspiracies is that he believed that they were already at work during Christ's time. As Taguieff points out, there is a transhistorical scheme in Carr's idea of world conspiracy. In that kind of philosophy of history anticipating a final "World Government," the Illuminati are part of a satanic historical force that contributes to the evil original plot. According to that point of view, Carr believed that there are "natural born" conspiracists, which is nothing more for Taguieff than myth and paranoia that was invented from a delirious worldview.[26] It was indeed an original aspect of Carr's theories, as most conspiracy theorists usually start their "genealogy" with the modern age, especially the French Revolution. As a Christian traditionalist, Carr believed that the world conspiracy is based on a Manichaean way of thinking, a view that is common to many antimasonic and anticommunist conspiracy theorists since Nesta Webster. There is another common variant in seeing the world conspiracy being based on the Sabbatean/Frankist teachings, but it also acknowledges Manichaean influences. InfluenceWhatever the source of the alleged plan for three world wars, it has become a topic for discussion among fringe conspiracy believers, and it is cited in seminal conspiracy books such as Des Griffin's Fourth Reich of the Rich (1976), who published the fourth edition of Pawns in the Game and a cassette tape of one of Carr's speeches in Chicago in his own publishing house, Emissary Publications (Colton, Oregon). Carr also inspired Dan Smoot (The Invisible Government, 1962), Gary Allen (The Rockefeller File, 1976), Phoebe Courtney, (Beware Metro and Regional Government, 1973), Richard T. Osborne (The Great International Conspiracy, 1974; and lately The Coming of World War III, 2006), Myron C. Fagan, (Audio Document (LP): The Illuminati and The Council on Foreign Relations, recorded in 1967-1968, ed. by a group calling themselves the Sons of Liberty. Fagan outlines the Illuminati world elite plans of global conspiracy for the New World Order and world domination), David Icke (The Biggest Secret, 1999), Jan van Helsing, and the French-Canadian Social Credit Party member Serge Monast (1945–1996), who pretended to be Carr's disciple.[27][28] All those plot theorists argue for the continuing influence of the Illuminati as Carr suggested it in his two main works. The works of Carr and his influence among conspiracy theorists has been studied by the American historian Daniel Pipes (1997) and the folklorist Bill Ellis (2000). The French philosopher and historian Pierre-André Taguieff recently wrote La Foire aux illuminés: Ésotérisme, théorie du complot, extrémisme (2005) (The Illuminati fair: esotericism, plot theory, extremism) where he makes an analysis of Pawns in the Game. He shows that Carr belongs to a tradition of conspiracy theorists that goes far back to Augustin Barruel and is represented by the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, which frequently quoted in Carr's work, in the 20th century. Taguieff also studied Carr's theories in L'imaginaire du complot mondial: Aspects d'un mythe moderne (The world plot imaginary: about a modern myth), 2006. Since 1998, Carr's most famous books (Pawns in the Game, The Conspiracy to Destroy All Existing Governments and Religions, and Satan, Prince of this World) were translated into French.[29] His French editor, Jacques Delacroix, is also a conspiracy theorist who counts himself as one of Carr's successors.[30] Works
Cassette tape
Digital audio copy of 100 minute recording
See also
References1. ^ Awards to the Royal Canadian Navy, Reserve Officer's decoration, "CARR, William James Guy, LCdr, RD: 15/03/45a" 2. ^Bill Ellis, Raising the Devil: Satanism, New Religions, and the Media. University Press of Kentucky, 2000, p. 128 3. ^ See the site of The Naval Club of Toronto, "History of the club" 4. ^W. Stewart Wallace (ed), The Macmillan Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Toronto-London, Macmillan, revised ed. 1963, p. 116. 5. ^W. Stewart Wallace (ed), The Macmillan Dictionary of Canadian Biography, op. cit., p. 116. 6. ^These)) biographical details are provided by the Editor's preface of William Guy Carr, Pawns in the Game, Omni/Christian Book Club 1993 and Satan, prince of this World, Palmdale, CA, Omni Publications, 1997 7. ^{{fr icon}} Pierre-André Taguieff, La Foire aux illuminés : Ésotérisme, théorie du complot, extrémisme ("The Illuminati fair: Esotericism, Plot Theory, Extremism"), Paris, Mille et une nuits, 2005, p. 431 8. ^{{fr icon}} Pierre-André Taguieff, op. cit., p. 25 9. ^ "Dances with Devils: Satan, the Devil, and the Antichrist, Freemasons Jews and the Forged Protocols Variations on Conspiracist Themes," The Website of the Political Associates, same opinion in Pierre-André Taguieff, op. cit. 10. ^ "William Guy Carr repeats the lies," Pawns in the Game reviewed by the Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon Ancient Free and Accepted Masons and History of Conspiracy Theory 101. 11. ^Pierre-André Tagieff, op. cit., p. 71. Personal translation, User:Eristik 12. ^{{fr icon}} Pierre-André Tagieff, op. cit., p. 71 13. ^William Guy Carr (dir.), News Behind The News, Vol. 1, #8, June–July 1957, p. 6. 14. ^ See "John Horn Blackmore fonds", on the Genbow Museum site 15. ^ see Online archive of California 16. ^ Online archive of California, documents on the Anti-Fluoridation Campaign; also studied in Daniel Pipes's, Conspiracy, 1997 (bibliography) 17. ^Daniel Pipes, Conspiracy, 1997 (he refers to Carr's brochure The Devil's poison, 1956) quoted from 18. ^William Guy Carr, Pawns in the Game, Emissary Publications, Clackamas, OR, p. 104-106 19. ^William Guy Carr, Pawns in the Game, Emissary Publications, Clackamas, OR, p. 178 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/anti-masonry/pike_mazzini.html |title=Albert Pike's correspondence with Giusseppe Mazzini: a fraud |publisher=Freemasonry.bcy.ca |date=2007-05-17 |accessdate=2013-04-22}} 21. ^William Guy Carr, Satan, Prince of This World, Emissary Publications, Clackamas, Oreg., p. 39 22. ^Michael Haupt 23. ^{{fr icon}} Pierre-André Tagieff, op. cit., p. 341, note 71 24. ^William Guy Carr, Satan, Prince of This World, Emissary Publications, Clackamas, Oreg., p. 6 25. ^William Guy Carr, Satan, prince of this World, Palmdale, CA, Omni Publications, 1997, Editorial review, back cover 26. ^Pierre-André Tagieff, op. cit., p. 99-101 27. ^ Trevor W. McKeown, "Illuminati : Frequently Asked Questions" and Pierre-André Taguieff, op. cit., p. 434, 466, 501 28. ^ This influence is also confirmed by this article: "Anti-CFR, Anti-Illuminati, Anti-Rockefeller Arguments", in The Sierra Times (contains an important bibliography of anti-Communist conspiracy pamphlets) 29. ^Éditions Delacroix and Éditions Saint-Rémi, Cadillac, France 30. ^ {{fr icon}} Éditions Delacroix, books by Jacques Delacroix on satanic conspiracies and the Three World Wars 31. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.engageonline.org.uk/blog/article.php?id=182 |title=ENGAGE |publisher=Engageonline.org.uk |date= |accessdate=2013-04-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205161515/http://www.engageonline.org.uk/blog/article.php?id=182 |archivedate=5 February 2012 |df=dmy-all }} Sources
External links
16 : Canadian military personnel of World War II|Royal Canadian Navy officers|Canadian essayists|Canadian memoirists|Canadian anti-communists|English emigrants to Canada|Writers from Toronto|People from Formby|Anti-Masonry|Christian writers|1895 births|1959 deaths|Royal Navy officers of World War I|Royal Navy submariners|Christian conspiracy theorists|20th-century essayists |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。