词条 | Windows startup process |
释义 |
The Windows startup process is the process by which the Microsoft Windows series of operating systems initializes. DOS-based WindowsWindows 1.x/2.xIn Windows versions 1.01 to Windows 2.11, the system was loaded when The modules Windows 3.x/9x{{Main|Architecture_of_Windows_9x#Boot_sequence|l1=Architecture of Windows 9x}}In Windows 3.x and 95/98/ME, the boot loader phase is handled by MS-DOS. During the boot phase, When all system configuration files and device drivers have been loaded, the 16-bit modules, When a user is logging on to Windows, the startup sound is played, the shell (usually In all versions of Windows 9x except ME, it is also possible to load Windows by booting to a DOS prompt and typing "win". There are some command line switches that can be used with the WIN command: with the A startup sound was added in Windows 3.1. Windows NT{{Main|Windows NT startup process}}In Windows NT, the boot loader is called NTLDR. It is responsible for accessing the file system on the boot drive, for starting ntoskrnl.exe and for loading boot-time device drivers into memory. Once all the Boot and System drivers have been loaded, the kernel (system thread) starts the Session Manager Subsystem (smss.exe), which in turn starts winlogon, which loads the graphical identification and authentication library. After a user has successfully logged into the machine, winlogon does the following:
In Windows 95/98/ME, it was also possible to run a program before the user logs on by using RunServicesOnce or RunServices keys. In Windows NT, this has been replaced by the services.exe program, which is able to load a set of system services before a user logs on. Additionally, in English-language versions of Windows, the startup folder was called "StartUp" instead of "Startup" in Win9x. Due to the minimally restricted environment of these operating systems, any program can add itself to the Startup registry key or system folder. This method is frequently used by malware. Windows Vista{{Main|Windows Vista startup process}}The sequence of booting Windows Vista is different from any previous version of Windows that uses the NT kernel. The operating system boot loader in Vista is called winload.exe, and is invoked by Windows Boot Manager. Additionally, the GINA that has been in use with all versions of Windows NT since 3.1 has been entirely replaced by "Credential Providers". See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/196249|title=Unable to Start Windows 98 in Safe Mode with Network Support|date=January 23, 2007|website=Support|publisher=Microsoft|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014014634/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/196249|archivedate=October 14, 2007}} {{Windows Components}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Windows Startup Process}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://support.microsoft.com/kb/82731|title=Windows 3.1 WIN.COM Command Switches|date=October 13, 2003|website=Support|publisher=Microsoft|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070423060547/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/82731|archivedate=April 23, 2007}} 2 : Windows architecture|Booting |
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