| 词条 | Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth |
| 释义 |
Kalkreuth was born in Sotterhausen near Sangerhausen. He entered the regiment of Gardes du Corps in 1752, and in 1758 was adjutant or aide de camp to Frederick the Great's brother, Prince Henry, with whom he served throughout the later stages of the Seven Years' War. He won special distinction at the battle of Freiberg (29 September 1762), for which Frederick promoted him major.[2] Personal differences with Prince Henry severed their connection in 1766, and for many years Kalckreuth lived in comparative retirement. He participated in the War of the Bavarian Succession as a colonel, and on the accession of Frederick William II was restored to favour. He greatly distinguished himself as a major-general in the invasion of the Netherlands in 1787, and by 1792 had become count and lieutenant-general. Under the Duke of Brunswick, he took a conspicuous part in the campaign of Valmy in 1792, the siege of Mainz in 1793, and the Battle of Kaiserslautern in 1794.[2] Kalckreuth was defeated in the 1806 Battle of Auerstedt. In 1807 he defended Danzig for 78 days against the French under Marshal Lefebvre, with far greater skill and energy than he had shown in the previous year. He was promoted to field marshal soon afterwards, and conducted many of the negotiations at Tilsit. He died as governor of Berlin in 1818.[2] The Dictées du Feldmaréchal Kalckreuth were published by his son (Paris, 1844).[2] Notes1. ^An alternative is Friedrich Adolf, Count of Kalkreuth–without the c between of the "l" and the "k" (see Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition) 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{EB1911 |wstitle=Kalckreuth, Friedrich Adolf, Count von |volume=15 |page=639 |inline=1}} 3. ^{{German title Graf}} References{{Reflist}}{{French Revolution navbox}}{{Authority control}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Kalckreuth, Friedrich Adolf Graf Von}} 7 : 1737 births|1818 deaths|People from Allstedt|Prussian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars|Counts of Germany|Field marshals of Prussia|Kalckreuth family |
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