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词条 World Orienteering Championships
释义

  1. History

     Change of concept 

  2. Format

     Current competition format  Event timeline 

  3. Venues

  4. Multiple winners

     Men  Women  Mixed 

  5. All-time medal table

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Infobox recurring event
| name = World Orienteering Championships
| native_name =
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| logo =
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| image =
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| status = active
| genre = sporting event
| date = July–August
| begins =
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| frequency = annual
| venue =
| location = various
| coordinates =
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| years_active =
| first = {{Start date|1966|df=y}}
| founder_name =
| last =
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| participants =
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| organised = IOF
| filing =
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The World Orienteering Championships (or WOC for short) is an annual orienteering event organized by the International Orienteering Federation. The first World Championships was held in Fiskars, Finland in 1966. They were held biennially up to 2003 (with the exception of 1978 and 1979). Since 2003, competitions have been held annually. Participating nations have to be members of the International Orienteering Federation (IOF).

Originally, there were only two competitions: an individual race and a relay. In 1991, a short distance race (roughly 20–25 minutes) was added and a sprint race was added in 2001. The middle distance (roughly 30–35 minutes) replaced the short distance in 2003. In 2014, a sprint relay was added with two men and two women participating and with starting order woman-man-man-woman.

History

The IOF was founded on 21 May 1961 at a Congress held in Copenhagen, Denmark by the orienteering national federations of Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the German Democratic Republic, Finland, Hungary, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland.[1] Their main goal was to standardize the sport and streamline international competition rules. A group of people work with these tasks, and at the 1963 IOF Congress, the work was approved and a technical committee was created. This led to the first international orienteering competition; the 1962 European Championships in Løten, Norway. The first European Orienteering Championships (EOC) consisted of only one competition; individual. In the following EOC, in Le Brassus, Switzerland, the relay event was added to the competition program. These two EOCs are considered forerunners to the first World Orienteering Championships in 1966.

Change of concept

Starting from 2019, the World Orienteering Championships will be split into two events: Urban WOC in even-numbered years (consisting of sprint events only) and Forest WOC in odd-numbered years (consisting of forest events only).

Format

The competition format has changed several times. From the beginning in 1966, the World Championships consisted of only two competitions: an individual race and a relay. In 1991, a short distance race (roughly 20–25 minutes) was added and a sprint race was added in 2001. The middle distance (roughly 30–35 minutes) replaced the short distance in 2003. On IOF's 23rd congress in Lausanne in 2012, it was decided that a sprint relay event would be added in the 2014 World Championships in Italy.[2] The sprint relay is competed in urban areas and consists of four-orienteer mixed-gender teams with starting order woman-man-man-woman.

Current competition format

The current championship events are:

Forest WOC (odd years)
DistanceWinning Time|Expected winning time Notes
Long distance 90–100 min Previously called classic distance
Middle distance 30–35 min Replaced short distance (20–25 min) in 2003
Relay 3 × 40 min Three-person teams
Urban WOC (even years)
DistanceWinning Time|Expected winning time Notes
Sprint 12–15 min
Knock-out sprint 5–8 min First held in 2020
Sprint relay 4 × 12–15 min Four-person teams, two men and two women.

Event timeline

ImageSize = width:800 height:132

PlotArea = right:10 left:65 top:5 bottom:20

DateFormat = yyyy

Period = from:1966 till:2026

TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal

ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:2 start:1966

ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:2003

AlignBars = justify

  1. there is no automatic collision detection,
  2. so shift texts up or down manually to avoid overlap

Define $dy = -4 # shift text to right side of bar

Colors =

  id:knockout  value:rgb(0.7,0.514,0.1)  id:sprintrelay  value:rgb(0.920,0.5,0.375)  id:sprint   value:rgb(1,0.7019,0)  id:short   value:rgb(0.5,0.764,0.1098)  id:middle   value:rgb(0.5,0.6784,0.3176)  id:individual   value:rgb(0.404,0.776,0.867)   id:classic     value:rgb(0.6,0.741,0.855)  id:long  value:rgb(0.5,0.7098,0.835)  id:relay  value:rgb(0.984,0.5,0.373)

PlotData=

  width:20 align:center mark:(line,white) shift:(0,$dy)    bar:Knockout fontsize:S from:2020 till:end color:white text:Knockout Spr.    from:2020 till:2021 color:knockout    from:2022 till:2023 color:knockout    from:2024 till:2025 color:knockout    at:2020 mark:(line,black)
  bar:SprintRelay fontsize:S from:2014 till:end color:white text:Sprint Relay    from:2014 till:2019 color:sprintrelay    from:2020 till:2021 color:sprintrelay    from:2022 till:2023 color:sprintrelay    from:2024 till:2025 color:sprintrelay    at:2014 mark:(line,black)
  bar:Sprint color:sprint    from:2001 till:2002     from:2003 till:2019 text:Sprint    from:2020 till:2021     from:2022 till:2023    from:2024 till:2025    at:2001 mark:(line,black)
  bar:Middle     from:1991 till:2003 color:white text:Short Distance    from:1991 till:1992 color:short    from:1993 till:1994 color:short    from:1995 till:1996 color:short    from:1997 till:1998 color:short    from:1999 till:2000 color:short    from:2001 till:2002 color:short    from:2003 till:2020 color:middle text:Middle Distance    from:2021 till:2022 color:middle    from:2023 till:2024 color:middle    from:2025 till:2026 color:middle    at:1991 mark:(line,black)    at:2003 mark:(line,black)
  bar:Long     from:start till:1991 color:white text:Individual orienteering    from:start till:1967 color:individual     from:1968 till:1969 color:individual    from:1970 till:1971 color:individual    from:1972 till:1973 color:individual    from:1974 till:1975 color:individual    from:1976 till:1977 color:individual    from:1978 till:1980 color:individual    from:1981 till:1982 color:individual    from:1983 till:1984 color:individual    from:1985 till:1986 color:individual    from:1987 till:1988 color:individual    from:1989 till:1990 color:individual    from:1991 till:2003 color:white text:Classic distance    from:1991 till:1992 color:classic    from:1993 till:1994 color:classic    from:1995 till:1996 color:classic    from:1997 till:1998 color:classic    from:1999 till:2000 color:classic    from:2001 till:2002 color:classic    from:2003 till:2020 color:long text:Long Distance    from:2021 till:2022 color:long    from:2023 till:2024 color:long    from:2025 till:2026 color:long    at:1991 mark:(line,black)    at:2003 mark:(line,black)
  bar:Relay     from:start till:1981 color:white text:Relay, 4 men, 3 women    from:start till:1967 color:relay    from:1968 till:1969 color:relay    from:1970 till:1971 color:relay    from:1972 till:1973 color:relay    from:1974 till:1975 color:relay    from:1976 till:1977 color:relay    from:1978 till:1980 color:relay     from:1981 till:2003 color:white text:Relay, 4 men, 4 women    from:1981 till:1982 color:relay    from:1983 till:1984 color:relay    from:1985 till:1986 color:relay    from:1987 till:1988 color:relay    from:1989 till:1990 color:relay    from:1991 till:1992 color:relay    from:1993 till:1994 color:relay    from:1995 till:1996 color:relay    from:1997 till:1998 color:relay    from:1999 till:2000 color:relay    from:2001 till:2002 color:relay    from:2003 till:2020 color:relay text:Relay, 3 men, 3 women    from:2021 till:2022 color:relay    from:2023 till:2024 color:relay    from:2025 till:2026 color:relay    at:1981 mark:(line,black)    at:2003 mark:(line,black)

Venues

RankAthleteFromToGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 {{flagicon|FRA}} Thierry Gueorgiou 2003 2017 145423
2 {{flagicon|SUI}} Daniel Hubmann 2005 2018 811827
3 {{flagicon|NOR}} Olav Lundanes 2010 2018 84315
4 {{flagicon|NOR}} Øyvin Thon 1979 1989 7108
5 {{flagicon|RUS}} Andrey Khramov 2005 2015 63312
6 {{flagicon|NOR}} Petter Thoresen 1989 1997 5128
7 {{flagicon|RUS}} Valentin Novikov 2004 2013 45211
8 {{flagicon|SUI}} Matthias Kyburz 2012 2018 4408
9 {{flagicon|NOR}} Bjørnar Valstad 1991 2004 43310
10 {{flagicon|NOR}} Tore Sagvolden 1979 1987 4318
11 {{flagicon|SWE}} Rolf Pettersson 1972 1979 4206
12 {{flagicon|SWE}} Jonas Leandersson 2012 2018 4037
13{{flagicon|NOR}} Morten Berglia 1981 1987 4015
{{flagicon|NOR}} Jørgen Rostrup 1999 2005 4015
15 {{flagicon|SUI}} Thomas Bührer 1991 2003 4004
16{{flagicon|NOR}} Egil Johansen 1976 1979 3205
{{flagicon|NOR}} Magne Dæhli 2012 2018 3205
18 {{flagicon|SWE}} Emil Wingstedt 2003 2007 3137
19 {{flagicon|SWE}} Bernt Frilén 1970 1974 3115
20 {{flagicon|DEN}} Søren Bobach 2014 2016 3104
21 {{flagicon|NOR}} Åge Hadler 1966 1972 3036
22{{flagicon|SUI}} Christian Aebersold 1991 1995 3003
{{flagicon|SWE}} Arne Johansson 1972 1976 3003
{{flagicon|SWE}} Karl Johansson 1966 1970 3003
{{flagicon|NOR}} Eskil Kinneberg 2017 2018 3003
26 {{flagicon|SWE}} Jörgen Mårtensson 1981 1997 26210
27 {{flagicon|FIN}} Jani Lakanen 1999 20132518
28 {{flagicon|FIN}} Janne Salmi 1995 2001 2417
29 {{flagicon|NOR}} Carl Godager Kaas 2010 20162406
30 {{flagicon|SUI}} Matthias Merz 2005 2012 2349

Women

{{main|List of World Orienteering Championships medalists (women)}}

Boldface denotes active athletes and highest medal count among all athletes (including these who not included in these tables) per type.

RankAthleteFromToGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 {{flagicon|SUI}} Simone Niggli 2001 2013 232631
2 {{flagicon|FIN}} Minna Kauppi 2004 2013 95317
3 {{flagicon|SWE}} Tove Alexandersson 2011 2018 78318
4 {{flagicon|DEN}} Maja Alm 2012 2018 77216
5 {{flagicon|SWE}} Marita Skogum 1983 1993 63110
6 {{flagicon|SWE}} Annichen Kringstad 1981 1985 6006
7 {{flagicon|SUI}} Judith Wyder 2011 2018 53412
8 {{flagicon|SWE}} Helena Bergman 2012 2018 46818
9 {{flagicon|NOR}} Hanne Staff 1997 2004 44412
10 {{flagicon|FIN}} Liisa Veijalainen 1972 1981 4408
11 {{flagicon|SWE}} Karin Rabe 1978 1989 4329
12 {{flagicon|SWE}} Arja Hannus 1981 1991 4105
13 {{flagicon|NOR}} Anne Margrethe Hausken Nordberg 2005 2016 35311
14 {{flagicon|SWE}} Annika Billstam 2007 2015 33814
15 {{flagicon|FIN}} Heli Jukkola 2003 2007 3328
16 {{flagicon|SWE}} Ulla Lindkvist 1966 1972 3306
17 {{flagicon|FIN}} Merja Rantanen 2008 2017 3148
18 {{flagicon|SUI}} Vroni König-Salmi 1997 2008 3137
19 {{flagicon|SWE}} Marlena Jansson 1991 1999 3126
20 {{flagicon|SWE}} Anna Bogren 1993 1997 3115
21 {{flagicon|SWE}} Karolina A. Højsgaard 2003 2009 2518
22 {{flagicon|DEN}} Ida Bobach 2011 2016 2406
23 {{flagicon|RUS}} Natalia Gemperle 2016 2018 2338
24 {{flagicon|SWE}} Kristin Cullman 1974 1978 2305
25 {{flagicon|SWE}} Gunilla Svärd 1997 2004 2226
26{{flagicon|FIN}} Outi Borgenström 1974 1981 2215
{{flagicon|CZE}} Dana Brožková 2006 2011 2215
{{flagicon|NOR}} Ingrid Hadler 1966 1974 2215
29{{flagicon|FIN}} Kirsi Boström (Tiira) 1993 1999 2204
{{flagicon|DEN}} Emma Klingenberg 2014 2015 2204

Mixed

{{main|List of World Orienteering Championships medalists (mixed events)}}
Sprint Relay
Year Gold Silver Bronze
2014 {{SUI}} {{DEN}} {{RUS}}
2015 {{DEN}} {{NOR}} {{RUS}}
2016 {{DEN}} {{SUI}} {{SWE}}
2017 {{SWE}} {{DEN}} {{SUI}}
2018 {{SWE}} {{SUI}} {{DEN}}

All-time medal table

{{Medals table
| caption =
| host =
| flag_template =
| event =
| team =
| gold_SWE = 51 | silver_SWE = 54 | bronze_SWE = 52
| gold_NOR = 45 | silver_NOR = 45 | bronze_NOR = 42
| gold_SUI = 44 | silver_SUI = 32 | bronze_SUI = 35
| gold_FIN = 24 | silver_FIN = 42 | bronze_FIN = 29
| gold_RUS = 11 | silver_RUS = 9 | bronze_RUS = 11
| gold_FRA = 13 | silver_FRA = 5 | bronze_FRA = 9
| gold_DEN = 11 | silver_DEN = 8 | bronze_DEN = 6
| gold_CZE = 5 | silver_CZE = 7 | bronze_CZE = 8
| gold_GBR = 3 | silver_GBR = 4 | bronze_GBR = 4
| gold_UKR = 1 | silver_UKR = 3 | bronze_UKR = 3
| gold_HUN = 3 | silver_HUN = 1 | bronze_HUN = 2
| gold_AUT = 1 | silver_AUT = 1 | bronze_AUT = 0
| gold_LAT = 1 | silver_LAT = 0 | bronze_LAT = 2
| gold_AUS = 1 | silver_AUS = 0 | bronze_AUS = 0
| gold_TCH = 0 | silver_TCH = 2 | bronze_TCH = 5
| gold_URS = 0 | silver_URS = 0 | bronze_URS = 2
| gold_NZL = 0 | silver_NZL = 1 | bronze_NZL = 0
| gold_GER = 0 | silver_GER = 0 | bronze_GER = 1
| gold_ITA = 0 | silver_ITA = 0 | bronze_ITA = 1
| gold_BLR = 0 | silver_BLR = 0 | bronze_BLR = 1
}}

See also

  • List of World Orienteering Championships medalists (men)
  • List of World Orienteering Championships medalists (women)
  • List of World Orienteering Championships medalists (mixed events)

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://orienteering.org/about-the-iof/history/|title=History |publisher=International Orienteering Federation|accessdate=2011-08-02}}
2. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/sprint-relay-in-the-world-orienteering-championships-2014/ |title=Sprint Relay in the World Orienteering Championships from 2014 |first= |date=19 November 2012 |work= |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=7 February 2019}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/calendarresults/foot-orienteering/world-orienteering-championships/ |title=World Orienteering Championships |publisher=International Orienteering Federation | accessdate=2016-10-12}}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=6 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1966 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation | accessdate=2016-10-12}}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=10 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1968 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=8 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1970 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=18 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1972 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=20 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1974 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=21 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1976 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=22 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1978 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
11. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=23 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1979 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=24 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1981 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=25 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1983 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
14. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=26 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1985 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=27 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1987 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=7 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1989 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
17. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=28 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1991 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=29 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1993 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
19. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=30 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1995 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
20. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=31 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1997 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
21. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=32 |title=World Orienteering Championships 1999 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
22. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=33 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2001 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
23. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=34 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2003 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
24. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=35 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2004 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
25. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=36 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2005 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
26. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=37 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2006 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
27. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=38 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2007 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
28. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=51 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2008 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
29. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=52 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2009 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
30. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=4 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2010 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
31. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=53 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2011 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
32. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=54 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2012 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
33. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=55 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2013 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
34. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=56 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2014 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
35. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=325 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2015 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
36. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=360 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2016 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
37. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=413 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2017 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}
38. ^{{cite web |url=http://orienteering.org/events/?event_id=447 |title=World Orienteering Championships 2018 |publisher=International Orienteering Federation |accessdate=2016-10-12}}

External links

  • International Orienteering Federation
  • World Orienteering Championships, senior statistics 1966–2005
WOC
{{col-begin}}{{col-break}}
  • World Orienteering Championships 1968
  • World Orienteering Championships 2004
  • World Orienteering Championships 2005
  • World Orienteering Championships 2006
  • World Orienteering Championships 2007
  • World Orienteering Championships 2008
{{col-break}}
  • World Orienteering Championships 2009
  • World Orienteering Championships 2010
  • World Orienteering Championships 2011
  • World Orienteering Championships 2012
  • World Orienteering Championships 2013
  • World Orienteering Championships 2014
{{col-break}}
  • World Orienteering Championships 2015
  • World Orienteering Championships 2016
  • World Orienteering Championships 2017
  • World Orienteering Championships 2018
  • [https://www.woc2019.no/en/ World Orienteering Championships 2019]
  • [https://www.woc2020.dk/ World Orienteering Championships 2020]
{{col-end}}{{Footer World Orienteering Championships WOC}}{{Orienteering|type=events}}{{Main world championships}}

2 : World championships in orienteering|World Orienteering Championships
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