| 词条 | F. Sionil José |
| 释义 |
| name = F. Sionil José | image = F. SIONIL JOSE (2017).jpg | imagesize = | caption = Francisco Sionil José in December 2017. | pseudonym = F. Sionil José | birth_name = Francisco Sionil José | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1924|12|3}} | birth_place = Rosales, Pangasinan, Philippine Islands | death_date = | death_place = | occupation = Filipino novelist, writer, journalist | nationality = {{flagicon|Philippines}} Filipino | citizenship = | education = | alma_mater = University of Santo Tomas (dropped out) | period = 1962 – present | genre = Fiction | subject = | movement = Philippine literature in English | notableworks = The "Rosales Saga" Novels (1962–1984) | spouse = | partner = | children = | relatives = | awards = {{hlist | National Artist of the Philippines Pablo Neruda Centennial Award (2004) | Chevalier dans l'Ordre des Arts et Lettres (2000) | Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts (1980) | City of Manila Award for Literature (1979 | Carlos Palanca Memorial Award for Literature (1959, 1979, 1980, 1981)}} | signature = | website = | portaldisp = Philippines }}Francisco Sionil José (born 3 December 1924) is one of the most widely read Filipino writers in the English language.[1][2] His novels and short stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles and colonialism in Filipino society.[3][4] José's works—written in English—have been translated into 28 languages, including Korean, Indonesian, Czech, Russian, Latvian, Ukrainian and Dutch.[5][6] Life and careerEarly lifeJosé was born in Rosales, Pangasinan, the setting of many of his stories. He spent his childhood in Barrio Cabugawan, Rosales, where he first began to write. José is of Ilocano descent whose family had migrated to Pangasinan prior to his birth. Fleeing poverty, his forefathers traveled from Ilocos towards Cagayan Valley through the Santa Fe Trail. Like many migrant families, they brought their lifetime possessions with them, including uprooted molave posts of their old houses and their alsong, a stone mortar for pounding rice.[1][2][3][4] One of the greatest influences to José was his industrious mother who went out of her way to get him the books he loved to read, while making sure her family did not go hungry despite poverty and landlessness. José started writing in grade school, at the time he started reading. In the fifth grade, one of José's teachers opened the school library to her students, which is how José managed to read the novels of José Rizal, Willa Cather’s My Antonia, Faulkner and Steinbeck. Reading about Basilio and Crispin in Rizal's Noli Me Tangere made the young José cry, because injustice was not an alien thing to him. When José was five years old, his grandfather who was a soldier during the Philippine revolution, had once tearfully showed him the land their family had once tilled but was taken away by rich mestizo landlords who knew how to work the system against illiterates like his grandfather.[1][2][3][4] Writing careerJosé attended the University of Santo Tomas after World War II, but dropped out and plunged into writing and journalism in Manila. In subsequent years, he edited various literary and journalistic publications, started a publishing house, and founded the Philippine branch of PEN, an international organization for writers.[1][2] José received numerous awards for his work. The Pretenders is his most popular novel, which is the story of one man's alienation from his poor background and the decadence of his wife's wealthy family.[3][4] José Rizal's life and writings profoundly influenced José's work. The five volume Rosales Saga, in particular, employs and integrates themes and characters from Rizal's work.[7] Throughout his career, José's writings espouse social justice and change to better the lives of average Filipino families. He is one of the most critically acclaimed Filipino authors internationally, although much underrated in his own country because of his authentic Filipino English and his anti-elite views.[1][2][3][4]{{quotation|"Authors like myself choose the city as a setting for their fiction because the city itself illustrates the progress or the sophistication that a particular country has achieved. Or, on the other hand, it might also reflect the kind of decay, both social and perhaps moral, that has come upon a particular people."|F. Sionil José|BBC.com, 30 July 2003[1]}}Sionil José also owns Solidaridad Bookshop, which is on Padre Faura Street in Ermita, Manila. The bookshop offers mostly hard-to-find books and Filipiniana reading materials. It is said to be one of the favorite haunts of many local writers.[1][2][3][4] In his regular column, Hindsight, in The Philippine STAR, dated 12 September 2011, he wrote "Why we are shallow", blaming the decline of Filipino intellectual and cultural standards on a variety of modern amenities, including media, the education system—particularly the loss of emphasis on classic literature and the study of Greek and Latin—and the abundance and immediacy of information on the Internet.[8] AwardsFive of José's works have won the Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature: his short stories The God Stealer in 1959, Waywaya in 1979, Arbol de Fuego (Firetree) in 1980, his novel Mass in 1981, and his essay A Scenario for Philippine Resistance in 1979.[9] Since the 1980s, various award-giving bodies have feted José with awards for his outstanding works and for being an outstanding Filipino in the field of literature. His first award was the 1979 City of Manila Award for Literature which was presented to him by Manila Mayor Ramon Bagatsing. The following year, he was given the prestigious Ramon Magsaysay Award for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts. Among his other awards during that period include the Outstanding Fulbrighters Award for Literature (1988) and the Cultural Center of the Philippines Award (Gawad para sa Sining) for Literature (1989). By the turn of the century, José continued to receive recognition from several award-giving bodies. These include the Cultural Center of the Philippines Centennial Award in 1999, the prestigious Chevalier dans l'Ordre des Arts et Lettres in 2000, and the Order of Sacred Treasure (Kun Santo Zuiho Sho) in 2001. In that same year, the Philippine government bestowed upon him the prestigious title of National Artist for Literature for his outstanding contributions to Philippine literature.[10] In 2004, José was garnered the coveted Pablo Neruda Centennial Award in Chile.{{citation needed|date=June 2018}} WorksRosales Saga novelsA five-novel series that spans three centuries of Philippine history, translated into 22 languages
Original novels containing the Rosales Saga
Other novels{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} Novellas
Short story collections
Children's books
Verses
Essays and non-fiction
In translation
In anthologies
In film documentaries
Books about F. Sionil José
Reviews{{quotation|"...the foremost Filipino novelist in English... his novels deserve a much wider readership than the Philippines can offer. His major work, the Rosales saga, can be read as an allegory for the Filipino in search of an identity..."|Ian Buruma|The New York Review of Books[33]}}{{quotation|"Sionil José writes English prose with a passion that, at its best moments, transcends the immediate scene. (He) is a masterful short story writer..."|Christine Chapman|International Herald Tribune, Paris[33]}}{{quotation|"...America has no counterpart to José – no one who is simultaneously a prolific novelist, a social and political organizer, and a small scale entrepreneur...José's identity has equipped him to be fully sensitive to the nation's miseries without succumbing, like many of his characters to corruption or despair...|James Fallows|The Atlantic Monthly[33]}}{{quotation|"...The reader of his well crafted stories will learn more about the Philippines, its people and its concerns than from any journalistic account or from a holiday trip there. José's books takes us to the heart of the Filipino mind and soul, to the strengths and weaknesses of its men, women, and culture. |Lynne Bundesen|Los Angeles Times[12]}}See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/3109471.stm |last=Jose |first=F. Sionil |title=Sense of the City: Manila |publisher=BBC News |date=30 July 2003 |accessdate=14 June 2007}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |url=http://www.randomhouse.com/author/results.pperl?authorid=14838 |title=Author Spotlight: F. Sionil Jose |publisher=Random House |accessdate= 14 June 2007}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://globalnation.inquirer.net/features/features/view_article.php?article_id=62431 |last=Macansantos |first=Priscilla S. |title=A Hometown as Literature for F. Sionil José |work=Global Nation |publisher=Inquirer.net |date=25 April 2007 |accessdate=14 June 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716082346/http://globalnation.inquirer.net/features/features/view_article.php?article_id=62431 |archivedate=16 July 2011 |df= }} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |url=http://biography.jrank.org/pages/4741/Sionil-Jose-F-rancisco.html |author=Yabes, Leopoldo Y. and Judson Knight |title=Francisco Sionil Jose Biography |work=Contemporary Novelists, Vol. 16 |publisher=Jrank.org |accessdate=16 June 2007}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/art_view.asp?newsIdx=1921&categoryCode=142 |last=Garcia |first=Cathy Rose. |title=Author F. Sionil Jose’s Insight on Philippines |work=Arts & Living |publisher=The Korea Times |date=27 April 2007 |accessdate=19 December 2008}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://bookasia.org/bbs/view.php?id=news&no=86 |last=Garcia |first=Cathy Rose. |title=Author F. Sionil Jose’s Insight on Philippines |publisher=BookAsia.org (Korean website) |date=27 April 2007 |accessdate=19 December 2008}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://josephscalice.com/index.php/2004/12/17/articulating-revolution-rizal-in-f-sionil-joses-rosales-saga/ |last=Scalice |first=Joseph |title=Articulating Revolution: Rizal in F. Sionil José's Rosales Saga |date=17 December 2004 |accessdate=19 December 2006 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214180911/http://josephscalice.com/index.php/2004/12/17/articulating-revolution-rizal-in-f-sionil-joses-rosales-saga/ |archivedate=14 February 2008 |df= }} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.philstar.com/arts-and-culture/725822/why-we-are-shallow |first=F. Sionil |last=José |title=Why we are shallow |publisher=The Philippine Star |date=11 September 2011 |accessdate=11 October 2014}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.palancaawards.com.ph/Testing3/francisco-sionil-jose-speech/ |title=Guest of Honor Introduction - NATIONAL ARTIST FOR LITERATURE – MR. F. SIONIL JOSE |publisher=Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards |year=2011 |accessdate=28 April 2016}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/f-sionil-jose/ |title=Culture Profile: F. Sionil José |work=About Culture and Arts |publisher=National Commission for Culture and Arts |year=2002 |accessdate=16 June 2007}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.me.uvic.ca/~art/fsj.html |last=Makosinski |first=Art |title=Francisco Sionil José – A Filipino Odyssey |publisher=ME.UVIC.ca |year=1996 |accessdate=16 June 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070611231803/http://www.me.uvic.ca/~art/fsj.html |archivedate=11 June 2007 |df= }} 12. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.engr.uvic.ca/~art/afsj.html |last=Makosinski |first=Art |title=About Francisco Sionil José |publisher=Engr.Uvic.ca |accessdate=16 June 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609094552/http://www.engr.uvic.ca/~art/afsj.html |archivedate=9 June 2007 |df= }} Further reading
External links{{Wikiquote}}
13 : 1924 births|Living people|Writers from Pangasinan|Ilocano-language writers|National Artists of the Philippines|University of Santo Tomas alumni|Filipino novelists|Filipino male short story writers|Ramon Magsaysay Award winners|Chevaliers of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Recipients of the Order of the Sacred Treasure, 3rd class|Ilocano people|The Philippine Star people |
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