| 词条 | Wulfrun |
| 释义 |
Wulfrun(a) (died after 994) was an Anglo-Saxon (early English) noble woman and landowner who held estates in Staffordshire. Today she is particularly remembered for her association with Hēatūn, Anglo-Saxon for "high or principal farm or enclosure", which she was granted in a charter by King Æthelred II (Æthelred the Unready) in 985, and where she endowed a collegiate church in 994. By 1070 this had become known as Wolvrenehamptonia – Wolfrun's heaton – now the city of Wolverhampton, the sixth largest district by population in the West Midlands.[1] She seems to have also had a close connection with Tamworth, the main centre of royal power in Mercia at the time. It was from here that according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle she was abducted by Danes in 943. Later her son Wulfric Spot left to his daughter the lordship of an estate there that was "not to be subject to any service nor to any man born", that he may have inherited from Wulfrun; and it is believed that she was buried with the religious community there, to which Wulfric also left land. Her son Wulfric "Spot" became one of the king's principal thegns in the 990s and an even more extensive landowner than his mother, with holdings in Derbyshire, western Warwickshire, the territories "between the Ribble and the Mersey", Northumbria, and seven other English counties as well as his inheritance in Staffordshire by the time of his death circa 1002-4. In his will, which survives, he endowed much of his land to re-found Burton Abbey. Another son, Ælfhelm, was made ealdorman of Northumbria, in practice southern Northumbria (the area around York), from about 994 until his death in 1006. His daughter Ælfgifu would go on to be married to Cnut, future king of England, in the wake of his father Sweyn Forkbeard's invasion of England in 1013. Ælfgifu later played a key role in securing the throne for her son Harold Harefoot in 1036. Wulfrun is known to have also had at least one other child: Wulfric's will contains bequests to the daughter of a sister, Ælfthryth, who had apparently died before the will was written in 1002. Her lands may have been inherited from Wulfsige the Black,[2] who was granted lands by King Edmund in 942, some of which correspond with lands later endowed by Wulfrun, and some with lands described in the will of her son Wulfric.[3] Wulfsige may thus have been her father. SourcesContemporary knowledge of her comes from several text sources:
It is thought probable that these references all refer to the same woman, Lady Wulfrun. The "a" commonly seen at the end of her name is a latinisation. Description of abduction (943)The relevant Anglo-Saxon Chronicle entries are (from the Worcester manuscript):-
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.wolverhamptonhistory.org.uk/people/local/wulfruna |title=Lady Wulfruna c. 935-1005, Founder of the City |publisher=Wolverhampton City Council |date= |accessdate=27 March 2013}} 2. ^PASE: {{PASE|10192|Wulfsige 25|nm=1}} 3. ^For example, the land at Abbot's Bromley 4. ^PASE: {{PASE|7827|Wulfrun 2|nm=1}}; ASC 943 5. ^PASE: {{PASE|15538|Wulfrun 7|nm=1}}; Charter S860 6. ^PASE: {{PASE|17195|Wulfrun 8|nm=1}}; Charter S1380 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.localhistory.scit.wlv.ac.uk/history/farley/oldwlv.htm |title=Wolverhampton 985–1985 |year=1985 |author=Keith Farley |publisher=Wolverhampton History & Heritage Society |accessdate=8 July 2007}} 8. ^{{cite book |title=The Place-names of Staffordshire |first=David |last=Horovitz |authorlink= |publisher= |location= |year=2005 |isbn=0955030900 |page=585 |url=}} 9. ^{{cite book |title=A History of Wolverhampton |first=Chris |last=Upton |authorlink= |publisher=The History Press |location= |year=2007 |isbn=186077508X |page=8 |url=}} External links
8 : 935 births|1005 deaths|Anglo-Saxon women|Mercian people|Wolverhampton|People from Wolverhampton|10th-century English people|11th-century English people |
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