| 词条 | Władysław Kowalski (politician) |
| 释义 |
| name = Władysław Kowalski | image = Marszałek Sejmu Władysław Kowalski.jpg | imagesize = | smallimage = | caption = | order = 1st Sejm Marshal of the Communist Poland | term_start = 4 February 1947 | term_end = 19 November 1952 | vicepresident = | viceprimeminister = | deputy = | president = Bolesław Bierut | primeminister = | predecessor = State National Council | successor = Jan Dembowski | order2 = Acting President of the State National Council | term_start2 = 4 February 1947 | term_end2 = 5 February 1947 | vicepresident2 = | viceprimeminister2 = | deputy2 = | president2 = | primeminister2 = Edward Osóbka-Morawski | predecessor2 = Franciszek Trąbalski (Acting) | successor2 = Bolesław Bierut (President of the Republic) | birth_date = 26 August 1894 | birth_place = Paprotnia, then Russian Empire, now Poland | death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1958|12|14|1894|8|26}} | death_place = Warsaw, People's Republic of Poland | constituency = | party = PSL, People's Party, United People's Party, PPR | spouse = | profession = Writer, Journalist | religion = | signature = | footnotes = }} Władysław Kowalski (26 August 1894 – 14 December 1958) was a Polish communist politician, who served as Sejm Marshal during the first postwar parliament Sejm of the Communist Poland (1947–1952) and, ex officio, as the head of state (Acting President of the State National Council) for one day (4–5 February 1947). He was also a publisher and writer. Kowalski was also known by the pseudonyms Sałas, Bartłomiej Zarychta and Stanisławski. LifeWładysław Kowalski was born in a small village of Paprotnia near Rawa Mazowiecka (then Russian Empire, now east-central Poland) as a son of farm worker. Because of his family poverty he graduated just three school grades and later became an autodidact. He was member of various peasants parties before he became a communist, including the Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie" (since 1918), the Peasant's Independent Party (1925–1927), United People's Left "Samopomoc" (1927–1931), and People's Party (1944–1949 – various factions). He was also an active member of the Communist Party of Poland (since 1928) and PPR (since 1942). Kowalski was a longtime member of party leaderships:
During World War I he fought in the Imperial Russian Army and later in the Puławy Legion. From 1918 to 1939 in the Second Polish Republic he was an active writer and publisher. During World War II he was a member of the Polish underground resistance. He hid 50 Jews around Warsaw.[1] After the War he was a Minister of Culture (1945–1947) and member and Vice President of the State National Council. He was an author of novels, articles and poems. He published the novels: Chłopi z Marchat (1930), W Grzmiącej (1936), Rodzina Mianowskich (1938), as well as short stories Dalekie i bliskie (1948), Bunt w Starym Łęku (1951), Bestia (1951), and Wino (1966). References1. ^Yad Vashem, "Władysław Kowalski – his activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust." Yad Vashem Righteous' website. {{s-start}}{{s-off}}{{succession box|title=Acting President of the State National Council|before=Franciszek Trąbalski|after=Bolesław Bierut|years=1947}}{{s-end}}{{Presidents of the State National Council of Poland}}{{Sejm Marshals of the People's Republic of Poland}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Kowalski, Wladyslaw}} 23 : 1894 births|1958 deaths|People from Rawa County|People from Piotrków Governorate|Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie" politicians|Communist Party of Poland politicians|Polish Workers' Party politicians|People's Party (Poland) politicians|United People's Party (Poland) politicians|Presidents of Poland|Marshals of the Sejm|Members of the State National Council|Members of the Polish Sejm 1947–52|Members of the Polish Sejm 1952–56|Polish male writers|Polish journalists|Russian military personnel of World War I|Puławy Legion personnel|Grand Crosses of the Order of Polonia Restituta|Commanders with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta|Recipients of the Order of the Banner of Work|Polish Righteous Among the Nations|Burials at Powązki Military Cemetery |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。