| 词条 | Xainza County |
| 释义 |
|name =Xainza County |official_name = |other_name = |native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|申扎县}} • {{Bo-textonly|ཤན་རྩ་རྫོང་།}}}}}} |nickname = |settlement_type =County |total_type = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_map =Location of Xainza within Xizang (China).png |mapsize = |map_caption =Location of Xainza County within Tibet |pushpin_map =China Tibet |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Tibet |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = China |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_name1 = Tibet |subdivision_type2 = Prefecture-level city |subdivision_name2 = Nagqu |seat_type = County seat |seat =Xainza |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |area_total_km2 = 25546 |elevation_m = |population_as_of = 1999 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 16190 |population_density_km2 = |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +8 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = | coor_type = |coordinates = {{coord|31|01|15|N|88|48|02|E|region:CN-54|display=inline}} |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |website = |footnotes = }} Xainza County, also Shantsa, Shentsa,[1] ({{bo|t=ཤན་རྩ་རྫོང་|w=shan rtsa rdzong}}; {{zh|c=申扎县|p=Shēnzhā Xiàn}}) is a county within Nagqu of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. In 1999 the county had a population of 16,190. Geography and climateThe capital lies at Naktsang Town or Xainza.[2] The county covers an area of {{convert|25546|km2|sqmi}}.[2] Until recent times the County extended all the way from the borders of Xinjiang in the north to the Brahmaputra River in the south, covering a larger area than the United Kingdom. It has since been split into two, Shentsa (Xainza) County and the new Nyima County to the east.[2] "In this region there are 67 lakes, including some of Tibet's largest: Serling, Dangra Yutso, Ngangtse-tso, Kering-tso, Taktse-tse and Uru-tso. In the northeast there are a number of 6,000 m peaks including Purok Gangri {{convert|6482|m|ft}} and Norla Gangri {{convert|6136|m|ft}}, not to mention the Kunlun mountains on the Xinjiang border further north. The entire northern region forms part of the Jangtang Nature Reserve. Ten large salt fields testify to the importance of this region for the traditional trading commodity of the Jangtang Plateau."[2] Lakes in close proximity to the main town are Geren Lake, Mujiu Lake, Anzi Lake, Guomang Lake, Cuo'e and Ziguii Lake, Wuru Lake and Siling Lake.[3] With an area of {{convert|1865|km2|sqmi}}, Siling Lake is the second largest saltwater lake in the northern Tibetan Plateau and forms part of the Siling Co National Nature Reserve (also Selincuo Reserve or Xainza Nature Reserve).[2] The {{convert|400000|ha|acre}} reserve was established in 1993 and contains significant populations of black-necked cranes and some 120 species of birds in total.[2][4][5] Tibetan sheep, wild donkey, argali, snow leopards, bar-headed goose, etc., also inhabit the county.[2] The climate of the county is typical of a plateau climate zone, with thin, cold air and a dry climate, with 279.1 days of frost per year on average.[2] The average annual wind speed is 3.8 m/s (12.5 ft/s), the average annual temperature is {{convert|0.4|C|F}}, and the average annual precipitation is {{convert|298.6|mm|in}}.[6] GeologyThe county has been geologically well assessed in publications. Xainza contains an Ordovician to Silurian stratigraphic succession and the area is part of the Xainza-Jiali Fault Zone.[7][8] Significant Triassic clastic deposits with gypsum beds and volcanic clastics have been found between Xainza and Coqên.[9] Early Devonian (Pragian-Emsian) rocks in Xainza County are said to "yield a shallow-marine, carbonate-platform fauna of corals, brachiopods, dacryoconarids, nautiloids and conodonts."[10] EconomyAnimal husbandry is the chief source of income in the county.[6] Jiagang Hydropower Station was built in the 1990s and as of 2008 serves about 20,000 nomadic households across the county.[11][12] Gold mining in the county has reportedly affected water quality and some area of grassland.[13] An alluvial gold mine which generated "5 million yuan (US$617,300) of the county's 8.5-million budgetary income" was slated to be shut down in 2005.[14] Other reserves include iron, lead, copper, salt, borax and phosphorus.[6] The county has a reported geothermal resources area of about 100,000 square meters and is rich in fish resources.[6] TownshipsThe county contains the following towns and townships, 8 township-level divisions in total. These in turn are divided into 73 village committees.[6] "The county capital of Shentsa is located at Naktsang (Shentsa), 805 km from Lumaringpo in Gertse county, and 232 km from Palgon. However, due to the vastness of this region, there is a third administrative centre at Tsonyi (Twin Lakes) in the north. Naktsang (Shentsa) to Tsonyi is 442 km."[2]
ReferencesCitations1. ^Dorje (2009), pp. 396-397 2. ^1 2 Dorje (2009), p. 396. 3. ^{{cite map|title= Maps|publisher=Google Maps}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Zheng|first1=Du|last2=Zhang|first2=Qingsong|last3=Wu|first3=Shaohong|title=Mountain geoecology and sustainable development of the Tibetan Plateau|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DuwwoxDxCYAC&pg=PA238|accessdate=31 March 2012|year=2000|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-0-7923-6688-1|page=238}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=安才旦|title=Tibet China: Travel Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n_WNBLU660AC&pg=PA44|accessdate=31 March 2012|date=1 January 2003|publisher=五洲传播出版社|isbn=978-7-5085-0374-5|page=44}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite web|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=zh-CN&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hudong.com%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%2594%25B3%25E6%2589%258E%25E5%258E%25BF|script-title=zh:申扎县|publisher=Hudong Encyclopedia|accessdate=31 March 2012|language=Chinese}} 7. ^{{cite book|last1=Finney|first1=Stanley Charles|author2=William B. N. Berry|title=The Ordovician Earth System|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hVFNw8vgc7EC&pg=PA102|accessdate=31 March 2012|date=1 May 2010|publisher=Geological Society of America|isbn=978-0-8137-2466-9|page=102}} 8. ^{{cite book|last=Shen|first=Xianjie|title=Crust-Mantle Thermal Structure and Tectonothermal Evolution of the Tibetan Plateau|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YQRRM-a0hC0C&pg=PA10|accessdate=31 March 2012|date=December 1996|publisher=VSP|isbn=978-90-6764-223-1|page=10}} 9. ^{{cite book|author=Guangzhi Tu|title=Advances in science of China: Earth sciences|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TRlPAQAAIAAJ|accessdate=31 March 2012|year=1986|publisher=Science Press|isbn=978-0-471-63125-5|page=315}} 10. ^{{cite book|title=Oceanic Abstracts|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0YUTAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=31 March 2012|year=1987|publisher=Cambridge Scientific Abstracts}} 11. ^{{cite book|author=United States. Foreign Broadcast Information Service|title=Daily report: People's Republic of China|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z98sAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=31 March 2012|year=1994|publisher=Distributed by National Technical Information Service|page=51}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://en.tibetmagazine.net/tjxs/200803/t20080312_51697.htm|title=Qinghai-Tibet Railway Enhances the Development of Tibet|publisher=Tibet Magazine|accessdate=31 March 2012}} 13. ^{{cite book|author=British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service|title=Summary of world broadcasts: Asia, Pacific|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=skhXAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=31 March 2012|year=2000|publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation}} 14. ^{{Cite news| title = Tibet tries its best to stay a clean land| work = Asia Africa Intelligence Wire| accessdate = 2012-04-07 | date = 2005-09-14 | url = http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-136193670/tibet-tries-its-best.html }} Sources
External links
3 : Counties of Tibet|Nagqu|Xainza County |
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