“X engine”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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X engine

释义

References

An X engine is a piston engine comprising twinned V-block engines horizontally opposed to each other. Thus, the cylinders are arranged in four banks, driving a common crankshaft. Viewed head-on, this would appear as an X. X engines were often coupled engines derived from existing powerplants.

This configuration is extremely uncommon, primarily due its weight and complexity as compared to a radial engine. It was more compact (per number of cylinders) than a V-engine, however. Shorter crankshafts relative to an inline or V design also appealed to early 20th-century engineers like Henry Ford, given the less developed metallurgical technology of the time.^[2]

Most examples of X engines are from the World War II era, and were designed for large military aircraft. The majority of these are X-24s based on existing V-12s. The following are examples of this engine type:

Ford, as an X-8 prototype during the 1920s that led the way to the company's eventual Flathead V-8.^[3]^[4]
Daimler-Benz DB 604, developed for the Luftwaffe's Bomber B program. Development suspended.
Isotta Fraschini Zeta R.C. 24/60, developed for the Caproni Vizzola F.6Z fighter, but never fully completed before Italy's surrender in 1943.
Rolls-Royce Vulture, based on two Peregrines and the powerplant of the ill-fated Avro Manchester bomber and the Hawker Tornado fighter.
Rolls-Royce Exe, an air-cooled sleeve valve prototype engine.
Napier Cub, a water-cooled X-16 engine of the 1920s, which powered the prototype Blackburn Cubaroo torpedo bomber.
Honda is said to have experimented with an X-32 engine configuration in the 1960s for their Formula One racing efforts, but abandoned the design as being too complex and unreliable.
Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant T-14 X12 engine 12Н360^[5]

More recently, Bradley Howell-Smith's Revetec X4V1 and X4V2 controlled combustion engine designs have used the X configuration to balance the forces created by the axial motions of the cylinder pairs and trilobate cams.

References

1. ^https://www.google.co.in/patents/US1889583
2. ^{{citation|work=Popular Science|date=August 1960|pages=64–67|title=Henry Ford's Weird Old Engines|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xSUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA64}}
3. ^{{cite web|author=Hemmings.com |url=http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2008/01/27/sia-flashback-experimental-ford-engines/ |title=Hemmings Auto Blogs » Blog Archive » SIA Flashback - Experimental Ford Engines |publisher=Blog.hemmings.com |date= |accessdate=2011-12-06}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lutheransonline.com/servlet/lo_ProcServ/dbpage=page&mode=display&gid=00032000001081239920917940&pg=00032000001086276828588714 |title=Eli Apolzon and daughter Ruth Family Page * * * Austin, Texas - Henry Ford's X-8 engine and how it will be used to raise dollars for Autistic and other Special Needs children |publisher=Lutheransonline.com |date=2011-05-10 |accessdate=2011-12-06}}
5. ^http://chtz-uraltrac.ru/catalog/items/206.php

2 : Piston engine configurations|X-engines

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