| 词条 | Xinhua Zidian |
| 释义 |
The Xinhua Zidian ({{Zh|s=新华字典|t=新華字典|p=Xīnhuá Zìdiǎn|l=New Chinese Dictionary}}), or Xinhua Dictionary, is a Chinese language dictionary published by the Commercial Press. It is the best-selling Chinese dictionary and the world's most popular reference work (Xinhua 2004). In 2016, Guinness World Records officially confirmed that the dictionary, published by The Commercial Press, is the "Most popular dictionary" and the "Best-selling book (regularly updated)". It is considered a symbol of Chinese culture.[1] This pocket-sized dictionary of Chinese characters uses simplified Chinese characters and pinyin romanization. The most recent Xinhua Zidian edition (the 11th) contains 3,300 compounds and includes over 13,000 logograms, including traditional Chinese characters and variant Chinese characters. Bopomofo is used as a supplement alongside Pinyin. Xinhua Zidian is divided into 189 "radicals" or "section headers" (DeFrancis 1984:291). Besides their popular concise version Xinhua Zidian, Commercial Press also publishes a large-print edition and a Xinhua Dictionary with English Translation (Yao 2000, reviewed by Clark 2001). In addition, the Shanxi Education Press publishes a pinyin-edition Xinhua Zidian with both characters and orthographically precise transcriptions (Yi et al. 1999). HistoryUnder the aegis of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the People's Education Press published the original Xinhua Zidian in 1953. The linguist and lexicographer Wei Jiangong (魏建功, 1901–1980) was chief editor. In 1957, Commercial Press published the Xinhua Zidian (1st edition), which was alphabetically collated in pinyin order. They have subsequently revised this dictionary ten times, with over 200 printing runs, and it is a longtime bestseller among students in China. In early 2004, the total number of published copies exceeded 400 million. When San Marino, a tiny country surrounded by Italy, was building a relationship with China in the 1970s, the Sammarinese gave a three-volume encyclopedia they had published, as a present to Chinese officials. However, due to the chaos caused by the Cultural Revolution in the area of publishing, China only could give a copy of the little Xinhua Zidian in return, which really embarrassed the Chinese government. As a result, the Chinese government decided to publish a series of new dictionaries in 1975, including Hanyu Da Cidian and some Chinese-foreign languages dictionaries.[2] The dictionary was strongly affected by the political environment under Mao. In its 1971 edition, the dictionary contained 46 Quotations of Chairman Mao, and slogans such as "Long live Chairman Mao!"[3] Mobile appThe Commercial Press presented its official app on Apple Store in June 2017. It supports identifying hànzì characters by handwriting, voice, or camera. It also provides a pronunciation of the characters read by Li Ruiying, the former news presenter of Xinwen Lianbo.[4] LawsuitsThe use of the term Xinhua Zidian has been disputed in China since the publishing of the dictionary is no longer arranged by the government. The Commercial Press insisted that the name is a specific term while other publishing houses believed that it is a generic term, as many of them published their own Chinese dictionary under the name. In 2016, The Commercial Press (Beijing) filed a lawsuit at Beijing intellectual property court, claiming Sinolingua Co., Ltd. had violated The Commercial Press's trademark for Xinhua Zidian by publishing Xinhua Zidian without permission from The Commercial Press, even though the trademark name was not registered.[5] The original case started when 3.2 million copies of student edition of Xinhua Zidian (学生新华字典) published by a company in Hubei were recalled for poor quality.[6] See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url= http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/news/press-release/2016/4/gwr%20announces%20xinhua%20dictionary|title=GUINNESS WORLD RECORDS ANNOUNCES XINHUA DICTIONARY AS THE "MOST POPULAR DICTIONARY" AND THE "BEST-SELLING BOOK (REGULARLY UPDATED)"|website=Guinness World Records |accessdate=2017-06-11}} 2. ^编纂《汉语大词典》的那些日子、那些人. 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/life/2011-10/14/content_13898400.htm|title =Better read than Red|website=China Daily}} 4. ^新华字典官方App今日上线，新闻联播原播音员李瑞英配音. 澎湃新闻. 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cnpubg.com/news/2016/1102/31413.shtml|title="新华字典"不能随意被"傍名"|date=2016-11-02}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/newmedia/2013-07/26/c_125069540.htm|title="傍名"出版伤了谁|date=2013-07-26}}
External links
2 : Commercial Press|Chinese dictionaries |
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