| 词条 | XIX (2nd Royal Saxon) Corps | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| unit_name = XIX (2nd Royal Saxon) Army Corps XIX. (II. Königlich Sächsisches) Armee-Korps | abbreviation = XIX AK | image=Stab eines Generalkommandos.svg | caption=Flag of the Staff of a Generalkommando (1871–1918) | start_date = {{Start date|1899|04|01|df=y}} | end_date = {{End date|1919}} | country={{flag|Kingdom of Saxony|1914|23px}} / {{flag|German Empire|1914|23px}} | branch = | type = Corps | role = | size = Approximately 44,000 (on mobilisation in 1914) | command_structure = | garrison=Leipzig | garrison_label= | nickname = | patron = | motto = | colors = | colors_label = | march = | mascot = | battles = World War I Battle of the Frontiers | anniversaries = | decorations = | battle_honours = | current_commander= | current_commander_label= | ceremonial_chief= | ceremonial_chief_label= | colonel_of_the_regiment= | colonel_of_the_regiment_label= | notable_commanders = | identification_symbol= | identification_symbol_label= | identification_symbol_2= | identification_symbol_2_label= }} The XIX (2nd Royal Saxon) Army Corps / XIX AK ({{lang-de|XIX. (II. Königlich Sächsisches) Armee-Korps}}) was a Saxon corps level command of the German Army, before and during World War I. As the German Army expanded in the latter part of the 19th century and early part of the 20th century, the XIX Army Corps was set up on 1 April 1899 in Leipzig as the Generalkommando (headquarters) for the western part of the Kingdom of Saxony (districts of Leipzig, Chemnitz and Zwickau).[1] It took over command of 24th (2nd Royal Saxon) Division from XII (1st Royal Saxon) Corps and the newly formed 40th (4th Royal Saxon) Division. It was assigned to the II Army Inspectorate[2] which formed the predominantly Saxon 3rd Army at the start of the First World War. It was still in existence at the end of the war[3] in the 19th Army, Heeresgruppe Herzog Albrecht von Württemberg on the Western Front.[4] Peacetime organisationThe 25 peacetime Corps of the German Army (Guards, I - XXI, I - III Bavarian) had a reasonably standardised organisation. Each consisted of two divisions with usually two infantry brigades, one field artillery brigade and a cavalry brigade each.[5] Each brigade normally consisted of two regiments of the appropriate type, so each Corps normally commanded 8 infantry, 4 field artillery and 4 cavalry regiments. There were exceptions to this rule: V, VI, VII, IX and XIV Corps each had a 5th infantry brigade (so 10 infantry regiments) II, XIII, XVIII and XXI Corps had a 9th infantry regiment I, VI and XVI Corps had a 3rd cavalry brigade (so 6 cavalry regiments) the Guards Corps had 11 infantry regiments (in 5 brigades) and 8 cavalry regiments (in 4 brigades).[6] Each Corps also directly controlled a number of other units. This could include one or more Foot Artillery Regiment Jäger Battalion Pioneer Battalion Train Battalion
World War IOrganisation on mobilisationOn mobilization on 2 August 1914 the Corps was restructured. 40th Cavalry Brigade was withdrawn to form part of the 8th Cavalry Division[8] and the 24th Cavalry Brigade was broken up and its regiments assigned to the divisions as reconnaissance units. Divisions received engineer companies and other support units from the Corps headquarters. In summary, XIX Corps mobilised with 25 infantry battalions, 9 machine gun companies (54 machine guns), 8 cavalry squadrons, 24 field artillery batteries (144 guns), 4 heavy artillery batteries (16 guns), 3 pioneer companies and an aviation detachment.
Combat chronicleOn mobilisation, XIX Corps was assigned to the predominantly Saxon 3rd Army forming part of the right wing of the forces for the Schlieffen Plan offensive in August 1914 on the Western Front. It spent the entire war on the Western Front. It was still in existence at the end of the war[12] in the 19th Army, Heeresgruppe Herzog Albrecht von Württemberg.[13] CommandersThe XIX Corps had the following commanders during its existence:[14][15]
See also{{portal|Germany|World War I}}
Notes1. ^German Administrative History Accessed: 10 May 2012 2. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=395}} 3. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|pp=88–89}} 4. ^{{harvnb|Ellis|Cox|1993|pp=186–187}} 5. ^{{harvnb|Haythornthwaite|1996|pp=193–194}} 6. ^They formed the Guards Cavalry Division, the only peacetime cavalry division in the German Army. 7. ^{{harvnb|War Office|1918|p=258}} 8. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|p=300}} 9. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|pp=310}} 10. ^With a machine gun company. 11. ^4 heavy artillery batteries (16 heavy field howitzers) 12. ^{{harvnb|Cron|2002|pp=88–89}} 13. ^{{harvnb|Ellis|Cox|1993|pp=186–187}} 14. ^German Administrative History Accessed: 10 May 2012 15. ^German War History Accessed: 10 May 2012 References
Further reading
| ref = harv | last = Cron | first = Hermann | year = 2002 | title = Imperial German Army 1914-18: Organisation, Structure, Orders-of-Battle [first published: 1937] | publisher = Helion & Co | isbn = 1-874622-70-1 }}
| ref = harv | last1 = Ellis | first1 = John | last2 = Cox | first2 = Michael | year = 1993 | title = The World War I Databook | publisher = Aurum Press Ltd | isbn = 1-85410-766-6 }}
| ref = harv | last = Haythornthwaite | first = Philip J. | year = 1996 | title = The World War One Source Book | publisher = Arms and Armour | isbn = 1-85409-351-7 }}
| year = 1920 | title = Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919 | publisher = The London Stamp Exchange Ltd (1989) | isbn = 0-948130-87-3 | ref = {{harvid|AEF GHQ|1920}} }}
| year = 1918 | title = The German Forces in the Field; 7th Revision, 11th November 1918; Compiled by the General Staff, War Office | publisher = Imperial War Museum, London and The Battery Press, Inc (1995) | isbn = 1-870423-95-X | ref = {{harvid|War Office|1918}} }}{{German Empire Corps}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}{{DEFAULTSORT:19th (2nd Royal Saxon) Corps}} 3 : Corps of Germany in World War I|Military units and formations established in 1899|Military units and formations disestablished in 1919 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。