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词条 Xkcd
释义

  1. History

  2. Influences

  3. Recurring themes

  4. Inspired activities

  5. Awards and recognition

  6. Books

  7. See also

  8. References

     Primary sources 

  9. Further reading

  10. External links

{{DISPLAYTITLE:xkcd}}{{short description|Webcomic}}{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2018}}{{Use American English|date=December 2012}}{{Infobox comic strip
| title = xkcd
| italic title = no
| image = xkcd philosophy.png
| caption = Panel from "Philosophy"[1]
| author = Randall Munroe
| url = [https://xkcd.com/ xkcd.com]
| status = Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays
| first = {{start date and age|2005|09}}[2]
| genre = Geek humor
}}

xkcd, sometimes styled XKCD,[3] is a webcomic created in 2005 by American author Randall Munroe.[2] The comic's tagline describes it as "A webcomic of romance, sarcasm, math, and language".[4][5] Munroe states on the comic's website that the name of the comic is not an initialism, but "just a word with no phonetic pronunciation".

The subject matter of the comic varies from statements on life and love to mathematical, programming, and scientific in-jokes. Some strips feature simple humor or pop-culture references. Although it has a cast of stick figures,[6][7] the comic occasionally features landscapes, graphs, charts, and intricate mathematical patterns such as fractals.[8] New cartoons are added three times a week, on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays.[9]

Munroe has released three spinoff books from the comic. The first book, chronologically, published in 2010 and entitled xkcd: volume 0 was a series of select comics from his website. His 2014 book What If? is based on his blog of the same name that answers unusual science questions from readers in a light-hearted way that is scientifically grounded.[10][11][12] The What If column on the site is updated with new articles from time to time. His 2015 book Thing Explainer explains scientific concepts using only the one thousand most commonly used words in English.[13][14] A fourth book, How To, which is described as “a profoundly unhelpful self-help book,” is planned to release September 3, 2019.[15]

History

As a student, Munroe often drew charts, maps, and "stick figure battles" in the margins of his school notebooks, besides solving mathematical problems unrelated to his classes. By the time he graduated from university, Munroe's "piles of notebooks" became too large and he started scanning the images.[16]

xkcd began in September 2005, when Munroe decided to scan his doodles and put them on his personal website. According to Munroe, the comic's name has no particular significance and is simply a four-letter word without a phonetic pronunciation, something he describes as "a treasured and carefully guarded point in the space of four-character strings." In January 2006, the comic was split off into its own website, created in collaboration with Derek Radtke.[17]

In May 2007, the comic garnered widespread attention by depicting online communities in geographic form. Various websites were drawn as continents, each sized according to their relative popularity and located according to their general subject matter.[18][19] This put xkcd at number two on the Syracuse Post-Standard's "The new hotness" list.[20] By 2008, xkcd was able to financially support Munroe and Radtke "reasonably well" through the sale of multiple thousand T-shirts per month.[17]

On September 19, 2012, "Click and Drag" was published, which featured a panel which can be explored via clicking and dragging its insides.[21] It immediately triggered positive response on social websites and forums.[22] The large image nested in the panel measures 165,888 pixels wide by 79,822 pixels high.[23] Munroe later described it as "probably the most popular one I ever put on the Internet", as well as placing it among his own favorites.[16]

"Time" began publication at midnight EDT on March 25, 2013, with the comic's image updating every 30 minutes until March 30, when they began to change every hour, lasting for over four months. The images constitute time lapse frames of a story, with the mouseover text originally reading "Wait for it.", later changed to "RUN." and changed again to "The end." on July 26. The story began with a male and female character building a sandcastle complex on a beach who then embark on an adventure to learn the secrets of the sea. On July 26, the comic superimposed a frame (3094) with the phrase "The End". Tasha Robinson of The A.V. Club wrote of the comic: "[...] the kind of nifty experiment that keeps people coming back to XKCD, which at its best isn't a strip comic so much as an idea factory and a shared experience".[24] Cory Doctorow mentioned "Time" in a brief article on Boing Boing on April 7, saying the comic was "coming along nicely". The 3,099-panel "Time" comic ended on July 26, 2013, and was followed by a blog post summarizing the journey.[25][26] In 2014, it won the Hugo Award in the Best Graphic Story category.

Around 2007, Munroe drew all the comics on paper, then scanned and processed them on a tablet computer (a Fujitsu Lifebook).[27] As of 2014, he was using a Cintiq graphics tablet for drawing (like many other cartoonists), alongside a laptop for coding tasks.[28]

Influences

Munroe has been a fan of newspaper comic strips since childhood, describing xkcd as an "heir" to Charles M. Schulz's Peanuts. Despite this influence, xkcd{{'}}s quirky and technical humor would have been difficult to syndicate in newspapers. In webcomics, Munroe has said that "one can draw something that appeals to 1 percent of the audience—1 percent of United States, that is three million people, that is more readers than small cartoons can have." Munroe cited the lack of a need for editorial control due to the low bar of access to the Internet as "a salvation."[17]

Recurring themes

While there is no specific storyline to the webcomic, there are some recurring [https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/Category:Comics_by_topic themes] and [https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/Characters characters].[29] Recurring themes of xkcd include "technology, science, mathematics and relationships."[5] xkcd frequently features jokes related to popular culture, such as Guitar Hero, Facebook, Vanilla Ice, and Wikipedia.

There are many strips opening with the words "My Hobby:", usually depicting the nondescript narrator character describing some type of humorous or quirky behavior. However, not all strips are intended to be humorous.[29] Romance and relationships are frequent themes, and other xkcd strips consist of complex depictions of landscapes.[29] Many xkcd strips refer to Munroe's "obsession" with potential Velociraptor attacks.[30]

References to Wikipedia articles or to Wikipedia as a whole have occurred several times in xkcd.[31][32][33] A facsimile of a made-up Wikipedia entry for "malamanteau" (a stunt word created by Munroe to poke fun at Wikipedia's writing style) provoked a controversy within Wikipedia that was picked up by various media.[34][35] Another strip used as an example of a topic that Wikipedia could not cover neutrally — a fictional donation to either pro-life or pro-choice activists, determined by the word count in a Wikipedia article on the event where the donation was announced being either odd or even.[36]

Almost all xkcd strips have a tooltip (specified using the title attribute in HTML), the text of which usually contains a secondary punchline or annotation related to that day's comic.[37]

One of the only recurring characters is a man wearing a flat black hat. He is extremely sociopathic, and has dedicated his life to causing confusion and harm to others just for his own entertainment. He has no name, so most characters just call him "Black Hat". He gained a girlfriend, commonly named "Danish" by the community, during the course of a small series called "Journal", who is just as cruel as he is.[38]

One of the few other recurring characters is a man with a beret, sometimes, simply referred to as "Beret Guy". He seems to be naive, obsessed with bakeries, optimistic, and completely out of touch with reality. He runs a startup that makes incredible amounts of money, despite his not even knowing what they do. In one instance, he hired Lin-Manuel Miranda as an engineer and, in another instance, sprouted literal "endless wings".[39]

Geographical maps, their various different formats and creation methods are a frequently recurring theme in the comic.[40] On occasion these maps have been mentioned by analysts due to their imaginative or original presentation of figures or statistics. In the comic "2016 Election Map", colored stick figures are used to display how people voted according to their region giving a clearer picture of how people voted in the 2016 election. Alan Cole, an economist at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School, critically analyzed the map, concluding that it is the most elegant and informative he has seen.[41]

Inspired activities

On several occasions, fans have been motivated by Munroe's comics to carry out the subject of a particular drawing or sketch offline.[29] Some notable examples include:

  • Richard Stallman was confronted by students dressed as ninjas before speaking at the Yale Political Union[43][44] – inspired by "Open Source".[42]
  • On September 23, 2007, hundreds of people gathered at Reverend Thomas J. Williams Park, {{Coord|42.39561|N|71.13051|W|display=inline}}, in North Cambridge, Massachusetts, whose coordinates were mentioned in "Dream Girl".[45] Munroe appeared, commenting, "Maybe wanting something does make it real", reversing the conclusion he drew in the last frame of the same strip.[29][46] This park is recognized by NASA's Spot The Station program, which provides information on viewing opportunities for the International Space Station.[47]
  • When xkcd strip "Time" won a Hugo award in the "Best Graphic Story" category in August 2014, it was accepted by Cory Doctorow on behalf of Munroe, dressing as Munroe had drawn him in an earlier strip, "1337: Part 5".[48][49]
  • xkcd readers began sneaking chess boards onto roller coasters after "Chess Photo" was published.[50][51] – inspired by "Chess Photo".[52]
  • The game of "geohashing"[53] has gained more than 1,000 players,[54] who travel to random coordinates calculated by the algorithm described in "Geohashing".[55]
  • In October 2007, a group of researchers at University of Southern California Information Sciences Institute conducted a census of the Internet and presented their data using a Hilbert curve, which they claimed was inspired by an xkcd comic that used a similar technique.[56][57][58] Inspired by the same comic, the Carna Botnet used a Hilbert curve to present data in their 2012 Internet Census.[59]
  • Based on "Packages",[60] programmers have set up programs to automatically find an item for sale on the Internet for $1.00 every day.[61][62]
  • In response to "Password Strength",[63] Dropbox shows two messages reading "lol" and "Whoa there, don't take advice from a webcomic too literally ;)" when attempting to register with the password "correcthorsebatterystaple".[64] ArenaNet recommended that Guild Wars 2 users create passwords following the guidelines of the same comic.[65]
  • Inspired by the xkcd comic "Online Communities 2",[66] Slovak artist Martin Vargic created the "Map of the Internet 1.0."[67]
  • In 2008, Munroe posted a parody of the Discovery Channel's I Love the World advertising campaign on xkcd,[68] which was later reenacted by Neil Gaiman, Wil Wheaton, and Cory Doctorow.[69]

Awards and recognition

xkcd has been recognized at various award ceremonies. In the 2008 Web Cartoonists' Choice Awards, the webcomic was nominated for "Outstanding Use of the Medium", "Outstanding Short Form Comic", and "Outstanding Comedic Comic", and it won "Outstanding Single Panel Comic".[70] xkcd was voted "Best Comic Strip" by readers in the 2007 and 2008 Weblog Awards.[71][72] The webcomic was nominated for a 2009 NewNowNext Award in the category "OMFG Internet Award".[73][74]

Randall Munroe was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Fan Artist in both 2011 and 2012,[75][76] and he won a Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story in 2014, for "Time".[77]

Books

On September 2009, Munroe released a book, entitled xkcd: volume 0, containing selected xkcd comics.[78] The book was published by breadpig, under a Creative Commons license, CC BY-NC 3.0,[79] with all of the publisher's profits donated to Room to Read to promote literacy and education in the developing world. Six months after release, the book had sold over 25,000 copies.{{Citation needed|date=April 2017}} The book tour in New York City and Silicon Valley was a fundraiser for Room to Read that raised $32,000 to build a school in Salavan Province, Laos.[80][81]

In October 2012, xkcd: volume 0 was included in the Humble Bundle eBook Bundle. It was available for download only to those who donated higher than the average donated for the other eBooks. The book was released DRM-free, in two different-quality PDF files.[82]

On March 12, 2014, Munroe announced the book Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions. The book was released on September 2, 2014. The book expands on the What If? blog on the xkcd website.[11][12] On May 13, 2015, Munroe announced a new book entitled Thing Explainer. Eventually released on November 24, 2015, Thing Explainer is based on the xkcd strip "Up Goer Five" and only uses the thousand most commonly used words to explain different scientific devices.[13]

On February 5, 2019, Munroe announced a fourth book, titled “How To,” which uses math and science to find the worst possible solutions to everyday problems. It is planned to release on September 3. [15]

See also

{{portal|webcomics}}
  • Saturday Morning Breakfast Cereal (SMBC) - web comic in somewhat of a similar vein

References

1. ^{{cite web|last= Munroe |first= Randall |work= xkcd |url= https://xkcd.com/220/ |title= Philosophy |date=February 7, 2007|accessdate=February 26, 2016}}
2. ^1 {{cite web|url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/6509550/The-10-best-webcomics-from-Achewood-to-XKCD.html | title =The 10 best webcomics, from Achewood to XKCD| work = The Telegraph |last=Chivers|first=Tom|date= November 6, 2009|accessdate= December 7, 2015}}
3. ^{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|title=About xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/about/|date=September 11, 2010|accessdate=December 4, 2014}}
4. ^{{cite web|url= https://xkcd.com/ |title= xkcd |first= Randall |last= Munroe |work= xkcd |accessdate=October 7, 2014}}
5. ^1 {{cite web |last1= Arthur |first1= Charles |last2= Schofield |first2= Jack |last3= Keegan |first3= Victor |title= 100 top sites for the year ahead |url= https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2008/dec/18/internet-websites |work= The Guardian |accessdate= December 4, 2014 |date= December 17, 2008 |display-authors= etal}}
6. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.seattlepi.com/lifestyle/article/What-s-Online-1237022.php |title=What's Online|work=Seattle Post-Intelligencer |first=Mónica|last=Guzmán|page=D7|date=May 11, 2007 | accessdate =May 30, 2008|quote=Created by math and programming geek Randall Munroe, the xkcd comic updates every Monday with a new adventure for its cast of oddball stick figures.}}
7. ^{{cite news | title=Ad Lib, Section: Ticket | work= Kalamazoo Gazette | publisher = Booth Newspapers| date = August 17, 2006}}
8. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.ohnorobot.com/index.pl?s=%22parody+week%22&Search=Search&comic=56&e=0&n=0&b=0&m=0&d=0&t=0 |title=xkcd.com search: "parody week" |publisher=Ohnorobot | accessdate =December 21, 2011}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.redhat.com/magazine/025nov06/features/xkcd/ |title=xkcd: A comic strip for the computer geek |work=Red Hat Magazine |last=Fernandez |first=Rebecca |date=November 25, 2006 |accessdate=March 6, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070306204348/http://www.redhat.com/magazine/025nov06/features/xkcd/ |archivedate=March 6, 2007 }}
10. ^{{cite web| url= http://whatif.xkcd.com/book/| title= What If? – The Book | first = Randall | last = Munroe|website=whatif.xkcd.com|accessdate=December 7, 2015}}
11. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://blog.xkcd.com/2014/03/12/what-if-i-wrote-a-book/|title=What if I wrote a book?|last=Munroe|first=Randall|website=blog.xkcd.com|date=March 12, 2014|accessdate=October 7, 2014}}
12. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.geek.com/news/xkcd-what-if-book-announced-by-randall-munroe-1587613/|title=XKCD ‘What if?’ book announced by Randall Munroe |website=geek.com|first=Russell|last=Holly|date=March 12, 2014|accessdate=October 7, 2014}}
13. ^1 {{cite web | url=http://blog.xkcd.com/2015/05/13/new-book-thing-explainer/ | title=New book: Thing Explainer | last=Munroe | first=Randall | website=blog.xkcd.com | date=May 13, 2015 | accessdate=December 7, 2015}}
14. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.cnet.com/news/xkcd-cartoonists-new-book-thing-explainer/ | title=XKCD cartoonist's new book: 'Thing Explainer' | publisher=CBS Interactive | work=CNET | date=May 13, 2015 | accessdate=September 28, 2015 | author=Shankland, Stephen}}
15. ^1 {{cite web | url=https://blog.xkcd.com/2019/02/05/how-to-absurd-scientific-advice-for-common-real-world-problems/ | title=How To: Absurd Scientific Advice for Common Real-World Problems | last=Munroe | first=Randall | website=blog.xkcd.com | date=February 5, 2019 | accessdate=February 26, 2019}}
16. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.digitalartsonline.co.uk/news/illustration/interview-xkcds-creator-tells-us-im-lucky-have-readers-at-all/?pn=3|publisher=DigitalArts|title=Interview: XKCD's creator tells us "I’m lucky to have readers at all"|last=Ryberg|first=Jonas|date=November 13, 2013}}
17. ^1 2 {{Cite news |last=Cohen |first=Noam |title=This Is Funny Only if You Know Unix |work=The New York Times |accessdate=September 25, 2008 |date=May 26, 2008 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/26/business/media/26link.html?partner=rssnyt&emc=rss }}
18. ^{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/256/|title=Online Communities|date=May 2, 2007|accessdate=January 4, 2017}}
19. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/technology/were-looking-at-each-other-and-its-not-a-pretty-sight/article759732/page2/ | title=We're looking at each other, and it's not a pretty sight |work=Globe and Mail |location=Canada | date=May 18, 2007 | accessdate=April 21, 2011 | author=Tossell, Ivor | page=2}}
20. ^{{cite web | url=http://blog.syracuse.com/newstracker/2007/05/postscript_upstateblogroll.html | title=PostScript: Upstate Blogroll, New Hotness, and more | last=Cubbison | first=Brian | date=May 5, 2007 | accessdate=August 7, 2011}}
21. ^{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/1110/|title=Click and Drag|date=September 19, 2012|accessdate=May 18, 2013}}
22. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/09/19/click-and-drag-xkcd-web-comic_n_1897617.html|accessdate=September 22, 2012|newspaper=Huffington Post|date=September 9, 2012 |title='Click And Drag,' XKCD Webcomic, Rewards Explorers (IMAGES)}}
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.themarysue.com/xkcd-click-and-drag-comic/ |title=Everything You Need to Know About xkcd Comic "Click and Drag" |publisher=Geekosystem |date=September 19, 2012 |accessdate=December 15, 2012}}
24. ^{{cite web|last=Dyess |first=Phil |url=http://www.avclub.com/article/check-outem-xkcdems-epic-multi-day-animation-comic-95486 |title=Check out XKCD’s epic multi-day animation comic|publisher=The A.V. Club |date=March 26, 2013 |accessdate=November 20, 2013}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=https://blog.xkcd.com/2013/07/29/1190-time/|title=1190: Time|last=Munroe|first=Randall|website=blog.xkcd.com|date=July 29, 2013|accessdate=February 18, 2014}}
26. ^{{cite web |last=Hudson |first=Laura |title=Creator of xkcd Reveals Secret Backstory of His Epic 3,099-Panel Comic |url=https://www.wired.com/2013/08/xkcd-time-comic/ |date=August 2, 2013 |work=Wired |accessdate=August 2, 2013 }}
27. ^{{Cite web|url=https://blog.xkcd.com/2007/03/15/in-which-i-lose-the-originals-of-the-last-three-months-of-comics-and-the-laptop-i-create-them-with/|title=In which I lose the originals of the last three months of comics and the laptop I create them with.|last=Munroe|first=Randall|website=blog.xkcd.com|date=March 16, 2007|accessdate=April 13, 2017}}
28. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/features/xkcd-cartoonist-randall-munroe-what-if-20140902|title='XKCD' Cartoonist Randall Munroe Drops Mad Science|last=Edwards|first=Gavin|date=September 2, 2014|work=Rolling Stone|access-date=April 13, 2017}}
29. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|url=http://www.usc.uwo.ca/gazette/archives/story.php?sect=arts&id=1837|title=Former NASA staffer creates comics for geeks|work=The Gazette|publisher=University of Western Ontario|first=Andrew|last=Moses|date=November 21, 2007|accessdate=November 22, 2007}}
30. ^{{cite web| title=Geek humor: Nothing to be ashamed of| url=http://media.www.thewhitonline.com/media/storage/paper291/news/2007/04/05/Features/Geek-Humor.Nothing.To.Be.Ashamed.Of-2823945.shtml| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080203000441/http://media.www.thewhitonline.com/media/storage/paper291/news/2007/04/05/Features/Geek-Humor.Nothing.To.Be.Ashamed.Of-2823945.shtml| archivedate=February 3, 2008| last=O'Kane| first=Erin| work=The Whit Online|date=April 5, 2007| accessdate=April 23, 2007}}
31. ^1 {{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/285/|title=Wikipedian Protester|date=July 4, 2007|accessdate=December 21, 2011}}
32. ^1 {{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/739/ |title=Malamanteau|date=May 12, 2010 |accessdate=December 21, 2011}}
33. ^Other comics related to Wikipedia include* {{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/214/|title=The Problem with Wikipedia|date=January 24, 2007|accessdate=December 21, 2011}}* {{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/978/|title=Citogenesis|date=November 16, 2011|accessdate=December 21, 2011}}* {{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/446/|title=In Popular Culture|date=July 7, 2008|accessdate=December 21, 2011}}* {{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/1167/|title=Star Trek into Darkness|date=January 30, 2013|accessdate=January 30, 2013}}* {{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/1193/|title=Externalities|date=April 1, 2013|accessdate=April 1, 2013}}* {{cite web|last1=Munroe|first1=Randall|title=Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles|url=https://xkcd.com/1412/|work=xkcd|date=August 25, 2014|accessdate=August 25, 2014}}* {{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|title=Meta Collecting|url=https://xkcd.com/2123/|work=xkcd|date=March 13, 2019|accessdate=March 20, 2019}}
34. ^{{cite web | publisher = Slashdot | date= May 13, 2010 | accessdate = May 17, 2010 | url=https://slashdot.org/story/135596 | title = Wikipedia Is Not Amused By Entry For xkcd-Coined Word | author = ObsessiveMathsFreak}}
35. ^{{cite web |url = https://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/ideas/articles/2010/05/30/one_day_wonder/ |title = One-day wonder: How fast can a word become legit? |work = The Boston Globe |date = May 30, 2010 |accessdate = May 10, 2014 |author = McKean, Erin }}
36. ^{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://www.xkcd.com/545/|title=Neutrality Schmeutrality|date=February 18, 2009|accessdate=January 23, 2018}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=http://imprint.uwaterloo.ca/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1654&Itemid=56&issuedate=2007-09-14 | title=A comic you can’t pronounce|accessdate=September 16, 2007|first= Peter|last=Trinh|date=September 14, 2007|work=Imprint Online}}
38. ^{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/433/|title=Journal 5|date=June 6, 2008|accessdate=September 22, 2017}}
39. ^{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/1099/|title=Tuesdays|date=August 24, 2012|accessdate=October 2, 2017}}
40. ^*{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://www.xkcd.com/977/|title=Map Projections|date=November 14, 2011|accessdate=January 10, 2018}}*{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/1688/|title=Map Age Guide|date=June 1, 2016|accessdate=January 10, 2018}}*{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/1939/|title=2016 Election Map|date=January 8, 2018|accessdate=January 10, 2018}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2018/1/8/16865532/2016-presidential-election-map-xkcd|title=This might be the best map of the 2016 election you ever see|work=Vox|first=Dylan|last=Scott|date=January 8, 2018|accessdate=January 10, 2018}}
42. ^1 {{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|title=Open Source|url=https://xkcd.com/225/|date=February 19, 2007|accessdate=November 17, 2007}}
43. ^{{cite news |url = http://yaledailynews.com/blog/2007/10/18/stallman-trumpets-free-software/ |title = Stallman trumpets free software |work = The Yale Daily News |first = Victor|last = Zapana|date = October 18, 2007|accessdate = October 19, 2007}}
44. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.yale.edu/ypu/blog.html |title = Richard Stallman Debate |work = Blog of the YPU |date = October 18, 2007 |accessdate = October 21, 2007 }}
45. ^{{cite web |last = Munroe |first = Randall |work = xkcd |url = https://xkcd.com/240/ |title = Dream Girl |accessdate = May 13, 2010 |date = March 26, 2007 }}
46. ^{{cite web |last = Cohen |first = Georgiana |title = The wisdom of crowds |work = The Phoenix |url = http://thephoenix.com/Boston/News/48208-wisdom-of-crowds/ |date = September 26, 2007 |accessdate = September 27, 2007 }}
47. ^{{cite web|title=NASA Spot The Station|url=http://spotthestation.nasa.gov/sightings/view.cfm?country=United_States®ion=Massachusetts&city=Munroe_Park#.U8k6z1a0bnc|publisher=NASA|accessdate=May 20, 2016}}
48. ^1 {{cite web | url =http://io9.com/all-the-most-exciting-moments-from-the-2014-hugo-awards-1623035065 | title = All The Most Exciting Moments From The 2014 Hugo Awards! | publisher = io9 | first = Charlie Jane | last = Anders | date = August 17, 2014 | accessdate = August 17, 2014 }}
49. ^{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|title=Blagofaire|url=https://xkcd.com/239/|date=March 23, 2007|accessdate=November 17, 2007}}
50. ^{{cite news |first = Chun |last=Yu |title = The man hiding behind the raptor |url = https://thetartan.org/2007/11/12/pillbox/xkcd |publisher = The Tartan |date = November 12, 2007 |accessdate = November 12, 2007 }}
51. ^{{cite web |title = People Playing Chess on Roller Coasters |url = https://xkcd.com/chesscoaster/ |work = xkcd |accessdate = August 20, 2007 }}
52. ^{{cite web |last = Munroe |first = Randall |work = xkcd |url = https://xkcd.com/249/ |title = Chess Photo |date = April 16, 2007 |accessdate = December 21, 2011 }}
53. ^{{cite web |url = http://wiki.xkcd.com/geohashing/ |title = Geohashing wiki |website = wiki.xkcd.com |accessdate = April 17, 2012 }}
54. ^{{cite web |url = http://wiki.xkcd.com/geohashing/Maps_and_statistics |title = Maps and statistics |publisher = wiki.xkcd.com|accessdate = April 17, 2012 }}
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56. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.networkworld.com/community/node/20390?t51hb |title = Researchers ping through first full 'Internet census' in 25 years |accessdate = October 10, 2007 |first = Paul |last=McNamara |date = October 9, 2007 |work = Buzzblog |publisher = Networkworld.com }}
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58. ^{{cite web |last = Munroe |first = Randall |work = xkcd |title = Map of the Internet |url = https://xkcd.com/195/ |date = December 11, 2006 |accessdate = October 10, 2007 }}
59. ^{{cite web |url = http://internetcensus2012.bitbucket.org/paper.html |accessdate = May 8, 2014 |title = Internet Census 2012: Port scanning /0 using insecure embedded devices |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20151013010243/http://internetcensus2012.bitbucket.org/paper.html |archivedate = October 13, 2015 |df = mdy-all }}
60. ^{{cite web |last = Munroe |first = Randall |work = xkcd |url = https://xkcd.com/576/ |title = Packages |date = May 1, 2009 |accessdate = December 21, 2011 }}
61. ^{{cite web |url = http://shaunwagner.com/projects_cc.html |title = csKw:projects:cheepcheep |publisher = Shaunwagner.com |accessdate = December 21, 2011 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20131022191106/http://shaunwagner.com/projects_cc.html |archivedate = October 22, 2013 }}
62. ^{{cite web |url = http://bieh.net/2010/11/08/xkcd-576/ |title = xkcd #576 |work = bieh.net |date = November 8, 2010 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110723024714/http://bieh.net/2010/11/08/xkcd-576/ |archivedate = July 23, 2011 |accessdate = December 15, 2012 }}
63. ^{{cite web |last = Munroe |first = Randall |work = xkcd |url = http://xkcd.com/936/ |title = Password Strength |date = August 10, 2011 |accessdate = August 21, 2013 }}
64. ^{{cite web |url = https://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2012/08/13/correcthorsebatterystaple-dropbox-wit/ |title = Correcthorsebatterystaple – the guys at Dropbox are funny |work = Naked Security |publisher = Sophos |first = Graham |last = Cluley|date = August 13, 2012 |accessdate = March 12, 2013 }}
65. ^{{cite web |url = https://www.guildwars2.com/en/news/mandatory-password-change-is-coming/ |title = Mandatory Password Change is Coming |publisher = GuildWars2.com |first = Martin |last = Kerstein|date = January 31, 2013 |accessdate = March 12, 2013 }}
66. ^{{cite web |last = Munroe |first = Randall |work = xkcd |url = https://xkcd.com/802/ |title = Online Communities 2 |date = October 6, 2010 |accessdate = December 23, 2015 }}
67. ^{{cite web |url=https://gizmodo.com/this-beautiful-map-of-the-internet-is-insanely-detailed-1512236854 |title=This Beautiful Map of the Internet Is Insanely Detailed |accessdate=February 21, 2014 |last=Condliffe |first=Jamie |date=January 30, 2014|publisher=Gizmodo}}
68. ^{{cite web|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd|url=https://xkcd.com/442/ | title=xkcd Loves the Discovery Channel | date=June 27, 2008|accessdate=June 27, 2008}}
69. ^{{cite web|url=http://comicsalliance.com/neil-gaiman-wil-wheaton-reenact-xkcd-strip/ |title=Neil Gaiman, Wil Wheaton Reenact ‘XKCD’ Strip |publisher=Comics Alliance |date=February 8, 2010 |accessdate=November 20, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110232103/http://comicsalliance.com/neil-gaiman-wil-wheaton-reenact-xkcd-strip/ |archivedate=November 10, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}
70. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ccawards.com/2008finalists.html |title=2008 List of Winners and Finalists |accessdate=January 6, 2009 |publisher=Web Cartoonists' Choice Awards |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310200607/http://www.ccawards.com/2008finalists.html |archivedate=March 10, 2009 }}
71. ^{{cite web| url=https://2007.weblogawards.org/news/the-2007-weblog-award-winners.php| accessdate=January 6, 2009| title=The 2007 Weblog Award Winners| date=November 11, 2008| first=Kevin| last=Aylward}}
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73. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.logoonline.com/shows/newnownext_awards/vote.jhtml?qn=nnn_poll_13 |title=2009 NewNowNext Awards |accessdate=June 14, 2009 |publisher=Viacom International Inc. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090520172958/http://www.logoonline.com/shows/newnownext_awards/vote.jhtml?qn=nnn_poll_13 |archivedate=May 20, 2009 }}
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81. ^{{cite web|url=http://blog.xkcd.com/2009/10/11/school/ |last=Munroe |first=Randall |title=School |website=blog.xkcd.com |date=October 11, 2009 |accessdate=February 10, 2013}}
82. ^{{cite web |url=https://blog.humblebundle.com/post/33714074132/humble-ebook-bundle-is-now-five-times-more-hilarious |title=Humble eBook Bundle is Now Five Times More Hilarious! |publisher=Humble Indie Bundle |date=October 16, 2012 |accessdate=November 5, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121101015947/http://blog.humblebundle.com/post/33714074132/humble-ebook-bundle-is-now-five-times-more-hilarious |archivedate=November 1, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}

Primary sources

In the text these references are preceded by a double dagger (‡):

{{Reflist|30em|group="‡"}}

Further reading

  • {{cite web |url= https://xkcd.com/207/ |title= What xkcd means|last=Munroe|first=Randall|work=xkcd |date= January 8, 2007 }}
  • {{cite web|url=http://www.iop.org/careers/working-life/profiles/page_57846.html|title=Once a Physicist: Randall Munroe|author=Munroe, Randall|first=|authorlink=Randall Munroe|date=February 2007|work=Physics World|page=43|access-date=}}
  • {{cite web|url=http://comixtalk.com/talking_xkcd_with_randall_munroe |title=Talking xkcd with Randall Munroe |work=Comixtalk.com |author=Erg |date=March 26, 2007 |accessdate=May 12, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421184953/http://comixtalk.com/talking_xkcd_with_randall_munroe |archivedate=April 21, 2008 }}
  • {{cite web |url=http://www.commacommacrash.net/2009/12/what-i-learned-from-xkcd-effect.html |title=What I learned from the xkcd effect |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225154123/http://www.commacommacrash.net/2009/12/what-i-learned-from-xkcd-effect.html |archivedate=December 25, 2013}} An article on the impact of xkcd topics on Google searches.

External links

{{Commons|xkcd}}{{wikiquote|xkcd}}
  • {{Official website}}
  • xkcd What-If
  • Explain xkcd, a wiki dedicated to explaining the references found in each comic
{{Randall Munroe}}

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