| 词条 | Yellow-tufted honeyeater |
| 释义 |
| name = Yellow-tufted honeyeater | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | image = yellowtuftedhoneyeater.jpg | genus = Lichenostomus | species = melanops | authority = Latham, 1801 }} The yellow-tufted honeyeater (Lichenostomus melanops) is a passerine bird found in the south-east ranges of Australia from south-east Queensland through eastern New South Wales and across Victoria into the tip of Southeastern South Australia. A predominantly black and yellow honeyeater, it is split into three subspecies. TaxonomyThe yellow-tufted honeyeater was first described by the English ornithologist John Latham in 1801 and given two different binomial names: Muscicapa auricomis and Turdus melanops.[2][3] The latter name was retained as a nomen protectum and the former a nomen oblitum as the epithet melanops has been used consistently for over a century. It belongs to the honeyeater family Meliphagidae. More recently, DNA analysis has shown honeyeaters to be related to the Pardalotidae, and the Petroicidae (Australian robins) in a large corvid superfamily; some researchers considering all these families in a broadly defined Corvidae. SubspeciesFour races are recognised:
DescriptionIt is 17–23 cm long, with females usually smaller, and has a bright yellow forehead, crown and throat, a black mask and a yellow ear and forehead tuft. The back is olive-green and underparts more olive-yellow.[6] Distribution and habitatThe helmeted honeyeater subspecies is largely restricted to dense vegetation along riverbanks, dominated by the mountain swamp gum (Eucalyptus camphora) with a dense understorey of sedges and tussock grasses.[7] {{clear}}DietFood includes lerps and other invertebrates, as well as nectar from eucalypts and other flowers.[4] BreedingBreeding takes place between July and January, with one or two broods each season. The nest is a cup-shaped structure of dried grasses, bits of bark and other plant material usually in a fork of a tree {{convert|3|–|4|m|ft|abbr=on}} above the ground. Two or three eggs are laid, pinkish in colour blotched with pale reddish- or buff-brown.[8] StatusYellow-tufted honeyeaters, as a species, are not listed as threatened on the Australian Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 or on any state-based legislation. However, at the subspecies level, the helmeted honeyeater (L. m. cassidix) is considered to be a threatened species:
References1. ^{{IUCN|id=22704076 |title=Lichenostomus melanops |assessor=BirdLife International |assessor-link=BirdLife International |version=2013.2 |year=2012 |accessdate=26 November 2013}} 2. ^{{cite book | last=Latham | first=John | author-link=John Latham (ornithologist) | year=1801 | title=Supplementum indicis ornithologici sive systematis ornithologiae | place=London | publisher=Leigh & Sotheby | language=Latin | url= | pages=[https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33261414 xl], [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33261423 xlix] }} 3. ^{{cite book | last=Salomonsen | first=F. | year=1967 | chapter=Family Maliphagidae, Honeyeaters | editor-last=Paynter | editor1-first=R.A. Jnr. | title=Check-list of Birds of the World (Volume 12) | place=Cambridge, Mass. | publisher=Museum of Comparative Zoology | page=385 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14482502 }} 4. ^1 {{cite web | vauthors = Menkhorst P, Smales I, Quin B | title = Helmeted Honeyeater Recovery Plan 1999-2003 | publisher = Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Water Resources | year = 2003 | url = http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/helmeted-h-eater/index.html | accessdate = 2007-06-21}} 5. ^Mathews, G.M. (1912). A Reference-List to the Birds of Australia. Novit. Zool. 18: 171-455 [408] 6. ^{{cite book | vauthors = Simpson K, Day N, Trusler P | title = Field Guide to the Birds of Australia | publisher = Viking O'Neil | year = 1993 | location = Ringwood, Victoria | isbn = 0-670-90478-3 | page = 392}} 7. ^McMahon, A.R.G. and Franklin, D.C. 1993. The significance of Mountain Swamp Gum for Helmeted Honeyeater populations in the Yarra Valley. Victorian Naturalist 110: 230-237. 8. ^{{cite book | last = Beruldsen | first = G | title = Australian Birds: Their Nests and Eggs | publisher = self | year = 2003 | location = Kenmore Hills, Qld | pages = 308–309 | doi = | isbn = 0-646-42798-9}} 9. ^Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria 10. ^Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria 11. ^{{cite book | author = Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment | title = Advisory List of Threatened Vertebrate Fauna in Victoria - 2007 | publisher = Department of Sustainability and Environment | year = 2007 | location = East Melbourne, Victoria | url = | isbn = 978-1-74208-039-0 | page = 15 }} External links{{Wikispecies|Lichenostomus melanops}}{{Commons category|Lichenostomus melanops}}
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