| 词条 | Yomitan Auxiliary Airfield |
| 释义 |
|name=Yontan Airfield Yontan Air Base Yontan Auxiliary Airfield |partof = |location=Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands, Japan |coordinates={{Coord|26|23|36.83|N|127|44|48.12|E}} | image = Yontan-airfield-1945.jpg | image_size = 300px | caption = A view of Yontan Air Field looking northeast in 1945 with the East China Sea in the background |type=Military airfield |code= |built= 1944 |builder= Imperial Japanese Army |materials= |height= |used= 1945–2006 |demolished= |condition= |ownership= |controlledby=United States Air Force United States Navy United States Marine Corps |garrison= |commanders= |occupants= |battles= |events= }}Yontan Airfield (also known as Yomitan Auxiliary Airfield) is a former military airfield on Okinawa, located Yomitan, Okinawa Village on the Okinawa western coast. It was closed in July 1996 and turned over to the Japanese government in December 2006. Today it is home to the Yomitan Village Office and community complex, including baseball fields, running tracks, and community facilities.[1] Yontan (Yomitan) Airfield was originally established by Imperial Japanese Army in 1944 as {{Nihongo|Kita Airfield|北飛行場|Kita Hikōjō}}. During the Battle of Okinawa on April 1, 1945, United States Marine Corps and United States Army forces seized the airfield on the first day of the landing. It was quickly repaired and became the first airfield on Okinawa to be used by the American forces. Later, it was developed into a major American base for Army, Marine, and Navy aircraft. The Boeing B-29 Bockscar landed at Yomitan after the atomic bombing of Nagasaki. Postwar useAfter 1947, there were no permanently assigned units to Yontan, and the base was used as an auxiliary installation for Kadena Air Base until the mid-1950s. Afterward it was placed in auxiliary reserve status. In June 1948, the 170th Airway and Air Communications Service (AACS) Squadron was activated at Yontan, to provide air traffic control and communications support for USAF units in Okinawa. Shortly after the 170th redesignated as 1962d AACS Squadron. The unit moved to Kadena AB and redesignated as 1962d AACS Group (later, Communications Group) on 18 February 1955. By 1950, Yontan was redesignated as a parachute drop training facility due to its runways not feasible for large scale or jet aircraft operations. By that time, local residents were started farming at the airfield with the tacit permission of the Air Force, and there were no fences installed on the base boundaries, except in administrative area. Since the parachute drop trainings were first begun, 33 serious off range drop accidents occurred including the death of a girl on 2 August 1950[2][3] when a fuel tank fell into private house, and an 11 June 1965 accident in which a trailer landed off target crushing a 10-year-old girl, who was playing in the family yard.[4][5] With the Okinawa reversion in 1972, the Government of Japan (GOJ) has concurrently provided the airfield as Yomitan Auxiliary Airfield (FAC 6027) for the USFJ requirements.[6]{{How|date=August 2018}} Under the agreement of the 16th U.S.–Japan Security Consultative Committee in 1976, 250.78 acres of land at eastern portions of the airfield were partially returned to the GOJ in 3 release actions; 0.48 acres were released on 14 May 1977, 0.19 acres were released on 31 May 1977, and 250.11 acres were released on 30 April 1978. The remainder approximately 191 acres were transferred from Fifth Air Force to the control of Commander Fleet Activities, Okinawa (COMFLEACTS Okinawa) on 27 July 1978. In addition, control of the Yomitan Auxiliary Airfield passed from COMFLEACTS Okinawa to Commanding General Marine Corps Base Camp Smedley D. Butler on 9 October 1980. The last parachute drop training was conducted at Yomitan on 19 July 1996. Under the agreement of Special Action Committee on Okinawa (SACO) Final Report, the parachute drop training was relocated to Ie Jima Auxiliary Airfield (FAC 6005) (Iejima/Ie Shima, North of the island of Okinawa). Yomitan was retained as an electromagnetic interference restriction for HF/DF operations at Sobe Communication Site. With the completion of the functional relocation of Sobe Communication Site into Camp Hansen, Yomitan Auxiliary Airfield was completely returned to the GOJ and landowners in December 2006. Major USAAF units assigned to YontanIn addition to the USAAF units, Yontan Airfield hosted several Naval and Marine Corps air squadrons equipped with F4U Corsairs, PBY Catalinas and F6F Hellcats.
B-25 Mitchell, July 25 – November 22, 1945 71st Bombardment Squadron, July 25 – November 22, 1945 405th Bombardment Squadron, July 25 – November 21, 1945 822d Bombardment Squadron, July 25 – November 22, 1945 823d Bombardment Squadron, July 25 – November 21, 1945
B-25 Mitchell, June 7 – December 13, 1945 47th Bombardment Squadron, June 7 – December 13, 1945 48th Bombardment Squadron, June 7 – December 13, 1945 396th Bombardment Squadron, June 7 – December 13, 1945 820th Bombardment Squadron, June 7 – December 13, 1945
B-24 Liberator, June 24 – December 8, 1945 373d Bombardment Squadron, July 21 – December 15, 1945 864th Bombardment Squadron, June 24 – December 13, 1945 865th Bombardment Squadron, June 24 – December 13, 1945 866th Bombardment Squadron, June 24 – December 13, 1945 867th Bombardment Squadron, June 24 – December 13, 1945
P-51 Mustang, June 28 – October 1945 39th Fighter Squadron, June 30 – October 10, 1945 40th Fighter Squadron, June 30 – October 10, 1945 41st Fighter Squadron, June 30 – October 10, 1945{{Col-break|width=50%}}
A-20 Havoc August 13 – December 13, 1945 386th Bombardment Squadron, August 13 – November 28, 1945 (B-32 Dominator) 387th Bombardment Squadron, August 13 – December 13, 1945 388th Bombardment Squadron, September – December 13, 1945 389th Bombardment Squadron, September – December 9, 1945
P-47 Thunderbolt January 29 – October 1946 1st Fighter Squadron, January 29 – October 15, 1946 21st Fighter Squadron, January 29 – October 15, 1946 34th Fighter Squadron, January 29 – October 15, 1946
P-47 Thunderbolt, January 29 – May 27, 1946 463d Fighter Squadron, January 29 – May 27, 1946 464th Fighter Squadron, January 29 – May 27, 1946 465th Fighter Squadron, January 29 – May 27, 1946
P-47 Thunderbolt, October 15, 1946 – May 22, 1947 16th Fighter Squadron, 15 October 1946-22 May 1947 25th Fighter Squadron, 15 October 1946-22 May 1947 26th Fighter Squadron, 15 October 1946-22 May 1947
References1. ^http://www.vill.yomitan.okinawa.jp/ {{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.uchinanchu.org/history/list_of_crimes.htm|title=List of Crimes Against Okinawans Committed by the United States Military|last=Productions|first=Buddhahead|website=www.uchinanchu.org|access-date=2018-08-26}} 3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.pt/books?id=wewjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA170&lpg=PA170&dq=okinawa+yomitan+august+1950&source=bl&ots=AiOeRL4Jnh&sig=a9wCNAhOX9a2OSMY1LnevUD_65I&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjKlKas6IvdAhVQXRoKHcdfANcQ6AEwAnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=okinawa%20yomitan%20august%201950&f=false|title=Regional Risk and Security in Japan: Whither the everyday|last=Hook|first=Glenn D.|last2=Mason|first2=Ra|last3=O'Shea|first3=Paul|date=2015-05-20|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317584865|language=en}} 4. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.stripes.com/news/yomitan-airfield-to-be-returned-to-families-of-original-owners-1.50986|title=Yomitan airfield to be returned to families of original owners|work=Stars and Stripes|access-date=2018-08-26}} 5. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.pt/books?id=bnbeBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA55&lpg=PA55&dq=yomitan+june+1965&source=bl&ots=TTMRIYssm3&sig=m8To-31y_RQGB7n482ca__NfmP0&hl=fr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjk6JXK6IvdAhWJyoUKHVaIBkIQ6AEwDXoECAEQAQ#v=onepage&q=yomitan%20june%201965&f=false|title=Protests Against U.S. Military Base Policy in Asia: Persuasion and Its Limits|last=Kawato|first=Yuko|date=2015-04-08|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=9780804795388|language=en}} 6. ^Minutes of the 251st Meeting, Joint Committee established by Article XXV of the Status of Forces Agreement (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Government of Japan, 15 May 1972, pp. 82-84.
External links
5 : Installations of the United States Air Force in Japan|Airfields of the United States Army Air Forces in Occupied Japan|Pacific theatre of World War II|Japanese home islands campaign|Airports established in 1944 |
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