| 词条 | Yucca gloriosa |
| 释义 |
|taxon = Yucca gloriosa |image = Yucca gloriosa 10.JPG |image_caption = Long-trunked Spanish Dagger |status = G4 |status_system = TNC |authority = L. |range_map = Yucca gloriosa range map.png |range_map_caption = Natural range |synonyms={{collapsible list|bullets = true |title=Species synonymy |Yucca acuminata Sweet |Yucca acutifolia Truff. |Yucca ellacombei Baker |Yucca ensifolia Groenl. |Yucca flexilis var. ensifolia (Groenl.) Baker |Yucca flexilis var. patens (André) Trel. |Yucca flexilis var. tortulata (Baker) Trel. |Yucca integerrima Stokes |Yucca obliqua Haw. |Yucca patens André |Yucca plicata (Carrière) K.Koch |Yucca plicatilis K.Koch |Yucca pruinosa Baker |Yucca tortulata Baker }} |synonyms_ref=[1] }} Yucca gloriosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to the southeastern United States. Growing to {{convert|2.5 |m|ft|abbr=on}}, it is an evergreen shrub. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental for its architectural qualities, and has reportedly become established in the wild in various parts of the world. NamesCommon names include:- {{div col|colwidth=15em}}
DescriptionYucca gloriosa is caulescent, usually with several stems arising from the base, the base thickening in adult specimens. The long narrow leaves are straight and very stiff, growing to {{convert|30|-|50|cm|0|abbr=on}} long and 2-3.5 cm wide. They are dark green with entire margins, smooth, rarely finely denticulate, acuminate, with a sharp brown terminal spine. The inflorescence is a panicle up to {{convert|2.5|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} long, of bell-shaped white flowers, sometimes tinged purple or red. The fruit is a leathery, elongate berry up to 8 cm long.[3][4][5][6][7]HabitatYucca gloriosa grows on sand dunes along the coast and barrier islands of the subtropical southeastern USA, often together with Yucca aloifolia and a variety formerly called Yucca recurvifolia or Y. gloriosa var. recurvifolia, now Y. gloriosa var. tristis.[8] In contrast to Y. gloriosa var. tristis, the leaves of Y. gloriosa var. gloriosa are hard stiff, erect and narrower. On the other hand, Y. aloifolia has leaves with denticulate margins and a sharp-pointed, terminal spine.DistributionYucca gloriosa is native to the coast and barrier islands of southeastern North America, growing on sand dunes. It ranges from extreme southeastern Virginia south to northern Florida. It is associated with Yucca filamentosa, Yucca aloifolia, and Opuntia species. CultivationThe plant is widely cultivated in warm temperate and subtropical climates, and valued as an architectural focal point. It has reportedly escaped from cultivation and naturalised in Italy, Turkey, Mauritius, Réunion, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Argentina, Chile and Uruguay.[9] In a domestic environment, the plant has average water requirements, and little maintenance is needed other than the removal of dead leaves when the shrub nears its ultimate height.[10] The plant is very hardy, without leaf damage at {{convert|-20|C|F|abbr=on}}, and can handle occasional snow and freezing temperatures. Yucca gloriosa,[11] and the cultivars 'Variegata'[12] and {{tdes|Bright Star}} = ‘Walbristar’[13] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[14]PropertiesYucca gloriosa has been known to cause skin irritation and even allergic reactions upon contact. The leaf points are even sharp enough to break the skin.[15]Forms and varietiesIn collections in Europe and overseas, there are many forms and hybrids (Sprenger, Förster) from the 18th and 19th centuries. The following names have been used for material of uncertain origin in the European garden flora. {{div col|colwidth=20em}}
References1. ^The Plant List 2. ^{{cite web |title=BSBI List 2007 |publisher=Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland |url=http://www.bsbi.org.uk/BSBIList2007.xls |format=xls |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6VqJ46atN |archive-date=2015-02-25 |accessdate=2014-10-17}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants|year=2008|publisher=Dorling Kindersley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=1405332964|pages=1136}} 4. ^Flora of North America v 26 p 429 5. ^Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 319. 6. ^Wunderlin, R. P. 1998. Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida i–x, 1–806. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. 7. ^Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill. 8. ^{{Citation |title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do |accessdate=2012-02-23 }}, search for "Yucca recurvifolia" 9. ^Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Yucca gloriosa 10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://cals.arizona.edu/pima/gardening/aridplants/Yucca_gloriosa.html|title=cals.arizona.edu|accessdate=1 March 2007}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Yucca gloriosa|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4317|accessdate=7 July 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web|title=RHS Plant Selector - Yucca gloriosa 'Variegata'|url=http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4318|accessdate=7 July 2013}} 13. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/274607/i-Yucca-gloriosa-i-Font-Face-times-New-Roman-Bright-Star-FONT-Walbristar-sup-(PBR)-sup-(v)/Details | title = {{tdes|Bright Star}} = ‘Walbristar’ | publisher = RHS | accessdate = 11 March 2019}} 14. ^{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 108 | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | accessdate = 10 March 2019}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://hgic.clemson.edu/factsheets/HGIC1077.htm|title=hgic.clemson.edu|accessdate=1 March 2007}} External links
8 : Yucca|Endemic flora of the United States|Flora of the Southeastern United States|Plants described in 1753|Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus|Least concern flora of the United States|Garden plants of North America|Shrubs |
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