“Zand tribe”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Zand tribe was a tribe of Lak origin,{{sfn|Perry|2010}}^[1] a branch of Lurs{{sfn|Perry|2010}}^[1] who may have been originally Kurdish,

though there isn't enough evidence to suggest such a thing as fact. {{sfn|Perry|2010}}^[1] The Zands were concentrated on the villages of Pari and Kamazan in the Malayer district, but were also found roaming in the central Zagros ranges and the countryside of Hamadan.{{sfn|Perry|2011|pp=561–564}}

The tribe is most known for their member, Karim Khan Zand, who founded the Zand dynasty, ruling from 1751 till his death in 1779. His death was followed by internal conflicts for his succession which resulted in the weakening of the dynasty, ending with the defeat of Karim Khan's nephew Lotf Ali Khan by the Qajar ruler Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar (r. 1789-1797). The tribe was also known as one of the few where women fought alongside their husbands.^[2]

References

1. ^¹²...the bulk of the evidence points to their being one of Lak tribes, who may originally have been immigrants of Kurdish origin., Peter Avery, William Bayne Fisher, Gavin Hambly, Charles Melville (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic, Cambridge University Press, 1991, {{ISBN|978-0-521-20095-0}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=H20Xt157iYUC&pg=PA64 p. 64.]
2. ^The Zands are notable as one of the few Kurdish ruling bodies to allow women in their military. Zand women often fought alongside their husbands against invading Afghan forces {{cite journal|last1=Lortz|first1=Michael|title=Willing to Face Death: A History of Kurdish Military Forces - the Peshmerga - From the Ottoman Empire to Present-Day Iraq|journal=Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations|date=2005|volume=1038|page=108|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150727174333/http://diginole.lib.fsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3203&context=etd|accessdate=12 February 2018}}

Sources

{{cite encyclopedia | article = Karim Khan Zand | last = Perry | first = John R. | authorlink = | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/karim-khan-zand | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-link = | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XV, Fasc. 6 | pages = 561–564 | location = | publisher = | year = 2011 | isbn = |ref=harv}}

{{cite encyclopedia | article = Zand dynasty | last = Perry | first = John R. | authorlink = | url = http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/zand-dynasty | editor-last = | editor-first = | editor-link = | encyclopedia = Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. XV, Fasc. 6 | pages = | location = | publisher = | year = 2010 | isbn = |ref=harv}}

{{cite book | title = The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic | year = 1991 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | location = Cambridge | editor-last = | editor-first =| last = Perry | first = John | authorlink = | chapter = The Zand dynasty | pages = 1–63 | isbn = 9780521200950 | url = https://books.google.dk/books?id=H20Xt157iYUC&dq=false|ref=harv}}

References

Sources

External links