| 词条 | Zaqatala (city) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Zaqatala |settlement_type=City & Municipality |native_name = |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = |imagesize = |image_caption = |mapsize = |pushpin_map = Azerbaijan |pushpin_mapsize = 300 |map_caption = Location of Zaqatala |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = {{flag|Azerbaijan}} |subdivision_type1 = Rayon |subdivision_name1 = Zaqatala |coordinates = {{coord|41|38|1|N|46|38|36|E|region:AZ|display=inline}} |established_title = |established_title2 = |established_date = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_footnotes = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2010 |population_note = |population_footnotes =[1] |population_total = 31,300 |timezone = AZT |utc_offset = +4 |timezone_DST = AZT |utc_offset_DST = +5 |elevation_ft = 1702 |elevation_m = 518 |elevation_footnotes =[2] |website = |footnotes = }} Zaqatala ({{lang-az|Zaqatala|script=Latn}}; also, Sakataly, Zakatalsk, and Zakataly); ({{lang-av|Zakatala}}) is a city in northwest Azerbaijan. With a municipal population of 31,300 inhabitants, it is located northwest of Sheki, by the Tala River and is the main municipality of the Zaqatala rayon. The municipality consists of the city of Zaqatala and the nearby village of Qazangül.[3] The city is populated by a variety of ethnic groups, each speaking their own (linguistically unrelated) languages, including Azerbaijani and Tsakhur. The postal codes are AZ6200-AZ6205. HistoryInitially this territory of modern Zaqatala was a province of Caucasian Albania,. After that, the region was a separate kingdom within Georgian cultural and political influence. During the medieval era what later became known as Saingilo was mostly controlled by the kingdom of Georgia and Shirvan. In the Middle Ages seven Georgian schools operated in Saingilo which included the courses of theology, philosophy, orthography, church history, and the history of Georgia and for the students. These schools played an essential cultural and educational role. They put a vital contribution in establishing cultural relations among the peoples of the Caucasus. Zaqatala has several sites of historic significance, most of which are centered on its 19th-century town centre. The main square, formerly called Lenin Square, features a pair of 700-year-old plane trees. The city's most prominent feature is a ruined fortress, built in the 1830s by occupying Russian forces during the Caucasian War to defend the city from rebels (See Djaro-Belokani league). In the 1850s, the town was the site of battles between Russians and Dagestani leader Imam Shamil.[4] It was center of Zakatala okrug (district) of Tiflis Governorate between 1860 and 1917. It was part of Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic between 1917 and 1918 and Georgian Democratic Republic between 1918 and 1921 before passing to Azerbaijan in March 1922. In the 20th century the town and its fortress became more famous when the fortress was used as one of the prisons for the mutinous crew of the battleship Potëmkin, whose actions in the failed 1905 Revolution were a precursor to the eventual 1917 revolution. The statue of one of the mutineers erected in the Soviet era still decorates Heydar Aliyev park not far from the fortress.[5] Currently, the fortress still houses a military garrison as well as several Soviet-style apartment buildings. Near the northern part of the ramparts and off of the main square is a beautiful, but abandoned, Georgian church.[6] The town now sports a sizable new mosque.[7] The townIt is served by the A315 road coming from Mingachevir and leading to the Georgian border at Lagodekhi as well as by a small airfield. North of the town there is an important wildlife and nature preserve. The Caucasus Mountains provide it with natural protection from the north winds. The wooded mountainsides, with frequent waterfalls offer great hiking opportunities. Due to its climate the town became a mountain health resort.{{Citation needed|date=December 2007}} There are several hotels in both Zaqatala and surrounding villages including Ashaghi Tala and Jar (also spelled Car/Djari), both about {{convert|3|km|mi}} from Zaqatala. DemographicsAzerbaijanis, Avars, Lezgins, Tsakhurs and Georgians known as Ingiloy inhabit Zaqatala and the surrounding rayon. In addition to the Azeri population, which is the majority here and in most of the rest of Azerbaijan, communities of Dagestani peoples, including the Avars, Tsakhurs, and Lezgins, live in the area. The majority of population are Sunni Muslim (predominantly among Dagestani peoples) and Orthodox Christians (among the Ingiloys (Georgians) and Russians) minorities.[8]
TransportationAirZaqatala International Airport serves the city.[15][16] The airport is connected by bus to the city center. There are domestic flights to Baku. ClimateZaqatala has a humid subtropical climate. {{Weather box |location = Zakataly (1961–1990, extremes 1952–1994) |single line = Yes |metric first = Yes |Jan record high C = 20.0 |Feb record high C = 23.9 |Mar record high C = 27.8 |Apr record high C = 31.1 |May record high C = 36.1 |Jun record high C = 36.1 |Jul record high C = 38.9 |Aug record high C = 38.9 |Sep record high C = 37.2 |Oct record high C = 32.8 |Nov record high C = 25.0 |Dec record high C = 22.8 |year record high C = 38.9 |Jan high C = 5.3 |Feb high C = 6.3 |Mar high C = 11.2 |Apr high C = 18.8 |May high C = 22.2 |Jun high C = 26.8 |Jul high C = 30.5 |Aug high C = 29.3 |Sep high C = 25.7 |Oct high C = 18.8 |Nov high C = 12.5 |Dec high C = 7.9 |year high C = 17.9 |Jan mean C = 1.1 |Feb mean C = 2.3 |Mar mean C = 5.8 |Apr mean C = 12.7 |May mean C = 17.0 |Jun mean C = 20.9 |Jul mean C = 24.6 |Aug mean C = 23.7 |Sep mean C = 19.8 |Oct mean C = 13.5 |Nov mean C = 7.9 |Dec mean C = 3.2 |year mean C = 12.7 |Jan low C = -1.9 |Feb low C = -1.1 |Mar low C = 2.7 |Apr low C = 8.0 |May low C = 12.0 |Jun low C = 16.1 |Jul low C = 19.4 |Aug low C = 18.6 |Sep low C = 15.0 |Oct low C = 9.4 |Nov low C = 4.6 |Dec low C = 0.4 |year low C = 8.6 |Jan record low C = -22.8 |Feb record low C = -13.9 |Mar record low C = -12.2 |Apr record low C = -3.9 |May record low C = 1.1 |Jun record low C = 6.1 |Jul record low C = 8.9 |Aug record low C = 7.8 |Sep record low C = 2.2 |Oct record low C = -5.0 |Nov record low C = -7.8 |Dec record low C = -18.9 |year record low C = -22.8 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 35 |Feb precipitation mm = 52 |Mar precipitation mm = 67 |Apr precipitation mm = 78 |May precipitation mm = 115 |Jun precipitation mm = 129 |Jul precipitation mm = 64 |Aug precipitation mm = 75 |Sep precipitation mm = 65 |Oct precipitation mm = 106 |Nov precipitation mm = 72 |Dec precipitation mm = 33 |year precipitation mm = 891 |Jan precipitation days = 7 |Feb precipitation days = 8 |Mar precipitation days = 11 |Apr precipitation days = 12 |May precipitation days = 13 |Jun precipitation days = 10 |Jul precipitation days = 7 |Aug precipitation days = 7 |Sep precipitation days = 7 |Oct precipitation days = 9 |Nov precipitation days = 8 |Dec precipitation days = 7 |year precipitation days = 106 |Jan sun = 114.3 |Feb sun = 103.8 |Mar sun = 130.0 |Apr sun = 176.7 |May sun = 215.6 |Jun sun = 261.0 |Jul sun = 274.8 |Aug sun = 255.3 |Sep sun = 220.2 |Oct sun = 157.8 |Nov sun = 130.5 |Dec sun = 110.2 |year sun = 2150.2 |source 1 = NOAA[17] |source 2 = Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial[18] |date=November 2011 }} References1. ^The State Statistical Committee of the Azerbaijan Republic {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101114161101/http://www.azstat.org/statinfo/demoqraphic/az/011.shtml#s10 |date=November 14, 2010 }} 2. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.fallingrain.com/world/AJ/70/Zaqatala.html | title= Zaqatala, Azerbaijan Page | accessdate=2008-07-03 }} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.belediyye.org/index.php?con=qanun&bkod=3637 |title=Belediyye Informasiya Sistemi |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080924083213/http://www.belediyye.org/index.php?con=qanun&bkod=3637 |archivedate=September 24, 2008 |language=Azerbaijani}} 4. ^{{cite book |author=Elliott, Mark|title="Azerbaijan with excursions to Georgia" (4th edition)|year=2010|page=237|authorlink=Mark Elliott (British author)}} 5. ^{{cite web | last = Nicas | first = Peter | title = Azerbaijan Things to See & Do Guide | publisher = ProfessionalTravelGuide.com | date = | url = http://www.professionaltravelguide.com/see-and-do/azerbaijan/destinations-101317 | accessdate = 2008-06-17 }} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}} 6. ^{{cite web | last = Torres Curado | first = L.M. | title = Zaqatala (Zakataly) | publisher = Azerb.com | date = | url = http://www.azerb.com/az-zaqatala.html | accessdate = 2008-01-03 }} 7. ^{{cite book |author=Elliott, Mark|title="Azerbaijan with excursions to Georgia" (4th edition)|year=2010|page=234|authorlink=Mark Elliott (British author)}} 8. ^{{cite web | last = Clifton | first = John M. | title = The Sociolinguistic Situation of the Tsakhur in Azerbaijan | publisher = SIL International | year = 2005 | url = http://www.sil.org/silesr/2005/silesr2005-016.pdf | accessdate = 2008-06-02 }} 9. ^Кавказский календарь на 1886 год. стр. 142 10. ^Ethno-Caucasus :Zaqatala Uyezd, 1926 11. ^Ethno-Caucasus :Zaqatala District, 1939 12. ^Ethno-Caucasus :Zaqatala District, 1959 13. ^Ethno-Caucasus :Zaqatala District, 1970 14. ^Ethno-Caucasus :Zaqatala District, 1979 15. ^{{cite web|title=Zaqatala Airport|url=http://www.azal.az/en/company-view/67/|publisher=Azerbaijan Airlines|accessdate=22 August 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823054826/http://www.azal.az/en/company-view/67/|archivedate=23 August 2011|df=}} 16. ^{{cite web|title=Zaqatala beynəlxalq hava limanı yenidən fəaliyyətə başlayıb|url=http://www.milli.az/news/economy/16866.html|publisher=milli.az|accessdate=22 August 2011|language=Azerbaijani|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120907103750/http://www.milli.az/news/economy/16866.html|archivedate=7 September 2012|df=}} 17. ^{{cite web| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_VI/AJ/37575.TXT| title = Zagatala Climate Normals 1961–1990| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration| accessdate = March 22, 2015}} 18. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.globalbioclimatics.org/pdf/az-zakat.pdf| title = Zakataly (Azerbaijan)| publisher = Centro de Investigaciones Fitosociológicas| accessdate = February 1, 2016}} External links{{commons category|Zaqatala|Zaqatala (city)}}{{wikivoyage|Zaqatala}}
2 : Populated places in Zaqatala District|Avar-speaking countries and territories |
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