| 词条 | Zvika Greengold |
| 释义 |
|name=Zvika Greengold |birth_date= {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1952|02|10}} |death_date= |birth_place=Lohamey HaGeta'ot, Galilee, Israel |death_place= |image=צביקה גרינגולד.JPG |caption= |nickname= |allegiance=Israel |branch=Israel Defense Forces |serviceyears=1972–1974 |rank=Captain[1] |commands= |unit=188th Armor Brigade |battles=Yom Kippur War |awards=Medal of Valor |relations= |laterwork=Politician; businessman }} Zvi "Zvika" Greengold ({{lang-he|צבי "צביקה" גרינגולד}}; born 10 February 1952) is a former Israeli officer who fought during the 1973 Yom Kippur War as an IDF tank commander. He is one of only eight people who fought in the war to be awarded the Medal of Valor, the nation's highest medal for heroism.[2][3] He is a former mayor of Ofakim. Early lifeGreengold was born and raised on Kibbutz Lohamey HaGeta'ot ({{lang-en|Kibbutz of the Ghetto Fighters}}, founded by Holocaust survivors of underground and partisan combat against the Nazis). His parents were among the founders of the kibbutz. Yom Kippur WarTwenty-one-year-old Lieutenant Greengold was home on leave when Egypt and Syria launched a coordinated surprise attack on two fronts. He was not attached to any unit as he was about to take a course for company commanders.[2][4] Once he realized war had broken out, he hitchhiked to Nafekh, a command center and important crossroads in the Golan Heights, where he initially helped with the wounded, as no tanks were available. When two damaged Centurion tanks were repaired, Greengold was put in charge of them and, at 2100 hours,[4][5] was ordered to take hastily assembled scratch crews down the Tapline Road.[2] Greengold's "Koah Zvika" (Zvika Force) spotted Syrian tanks belonging to the Syrian Army's 51st Independent Tank Brigade,[3] which had broken through the line and were advancing unopposed northwest along the road to Nafekh. Greengold's two tanks engaged the opposing T-55s, with Greengold destroying six.[3] His tank was damaged, so he switched tanks and sent his original tank back for repairs.[6] Then he spotted the advancing 452nd Tank Battalion. He engaged the enemy, taking advantage of the darkness and moving constantly to fool the Syrians into thinking the opposition was stronger than it was. Greengold destroyed or damaged ten enemy armoured vehicles before the confused Syrians withdrew, believing they were facing a sizable force.[3] Even Greengold's superiors were deceived; as the fighting wore on, he did not dare report how weak he actually was over the radio for fear it would be intercepted. He could only hint "the situation isn't good".[7] At a time when Zvika Force consisted of only one tank, Colonel Yitzhak Ben-Shoham, the brigade commander, assumed it to be "of at least company strength".[7] For the next 20 hours, he fought, sometimes alone, sometimes in conjunction with other tanks, displaying an uncanny knack for showing up again and again at the critical moment to tip the scales of a skirmish. At 2230, he was joined by eight[6] or ten[7] tanks under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Uzi Mor. After being briefed by Greengold, Mor ordered an advance. Most of his tanks were knocked out by a Syrian force; Mor was seriously wounded, Greengold's driver was killed, and Greengold's uniform caught on fire.[7] Greengold took charge of one undamaged tank, while the other two carried away the wounded.[7] He had to change vehicles "half a dozen times"[2] as his tanks were knocked out. Greengold recalled in a 2015 Jerusalem Post article that at sunrise, he was part of a force of 14 tanks that engaged an entire Syrian armored division, "made up of some 100 tanks and 40 armored personnel carriers."[6] When Nafekh itself came under attack from a fresh force of T-62s, he and others rushed over to bolster the defense.[2] In a lull in the fighting, an exhausted Greengold got out of his latest tank and dropped to the ground, murmuring, "I can't anymore."[3] Afterward, he claimed 20 enemy tanks destroyed; another estimate places his tally at 60.[4] Post-warUntil 2008, he lived in a Galilee hilltop village. He was one of the founders of the vegetarian food company Tivall and the managing director of Frutarom chemical company.[8] In 2008, he was elected mayor of the Israeli city of Ofakim. He regularly speaks to people in and out of Israel, mainly high school children, about his acts in the Yom Kippur War. In 2016, Brig. Gen. (res.) Yair Nafshi told Israeli TV that he had personally concocted the story of Greengold single-handedly destroying a large number of Syrian tanks.[9] Greengold described Nafshi's claim as a "blood libel".[10] References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://idfspokesperson.wordpress.com/2012/01/12/4-of-the-idfs-greatest-heroes/ |title=Four of the IDF's Greatest Heroes |publisher=The official blog of the Israeli Defense Forces |accessdate=January 17, 2014}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Greengold, Zvika}}2. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news|url=http://info.jpost.com/C003/Supplements/30YK/art.23.html |title=Yom Kippur War: Shattered Heights |newspaper=Jerusalem Post |accessdate=20 August 2006 |date=25 September 1998 |author=Abraham Rabinovich |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110624124157/http://info.jpost.com/C003/Supplements/30YK/art.23.html |archivedate=June 24, 2011 }} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite journal|last1=Wickman |first1=Major Michael D. |year=2001 |title=Hold at All Costs |journal=Armour |issue=March–April |pages=32–36 |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/18586504/Hold-at-All-Cost}} 4. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=http://www.jafi.org.il/education/actual/ykippur/4-6.html |title=Zvika's Story |accessdate=20 August 2006 |date= |publisher=The Department for Jewish Zionist Education |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040603162627/http://www.jafi.org.il/education/actual/ykippur/4-6.html |archivedate=June 3, 2004 }} 5. ^{{Cite book| last = Rabinovich | first = Abraham | title = The Yom Kippur War | publisher = McGraw-Hill | location = New York | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8052-1124-1 |page=164}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite news |title='I was willing to die to stop the Syrian advance' |author=Yaakov Lappin |newspaper=Jerusalem Post |date=21 September 2015 |url=http://www.jpost.com/Arab-Israeli-Conflict/I-was-willing-to-die-to-stop-the-Syrian-advance-416734}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite book| last = Rabinovich | first = Abraham | title = The Yom Kippur War | publisher = McGraw-Hill | location = New York | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8052-1124-1 |pages=166–167}} 8. ^{{Cite news|url=http://info.jpost.com/C003/Supplements/30YK/art.29.html |title=Shattered Heights: Part 2 |newspaper=Jerusalem Post |accessdate=20 August 2006 |date=2 October 1998 |author=Abraham Rabinovich |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612053049/http://info.jpost.com/C003/Supplements/30YK/art.29.html |archivedate=June 12, 2011 }} 9. ^{{cite news | author = Ofer Aderet | title = Israeli Officer Says He Made Up One of the IDF's Most Iconic Tales of Heroism | newspaper = Haaretz | url = http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/1.749812 | date = October 30, 2016}} 10. ^{{cite news | author = Ofer Aderet | title = Israeli War Vet Slams Claims That Iconic Story of His Heroism Was Made Up | url = http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/1.750023 | date = October 31, 2016}} 7 : 1952 births|Living people|Israeli military personnel|Israeli people of the Yom Kippur War|Recipients of the Medal of Valor (Israel)|People from Northern District (Israel)|Mayors of places in Israel |
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