| 词条 | Ölgii (city) |
| 释义 |
|name = {{raise|0.1em|Ölgii}} |native_name = Өлгий {{lower|0.2em|{{MongolUnicode|ᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠢ}}}} |native_name_lang = mn |nickname = |settlement_type = District |official_name = {{raise|0.1em|Ölgii District}} Өлгий сум {{lower|0.2em|{{MongolUnicode|ᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠢ}}{{MongolUnicode|ᠰᠤᠮᠤ}}}} |translit_lang1= Official Cyrillic |translit_lang1_type= Mongolian Cyrillic |translit_lang1_info= Өлгий сум |translit_lang2= Classical Mongolian |translit_lang2_type= Mongolian script |translit_lang2_info= {{lower|0.2em|{{MongolUnicode|ᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠢ}}{{MongolUnicode|ᠰᠤᠮᠤ}}}} |motto = |image_skyline = Olgii.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Ölgii city |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |pushpin_map = Mongolia |pushpin_label_position =right |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Mongolia |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Mongolia |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Bayan-Ölgii |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |area_magnitude = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 101 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_urban_km2 = |area_metro_km2 = |population_as_of = 2017 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 34540 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |timezone = UTC+7 |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|48|58|06|N|89|58|07|E|region:MN|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 1710 |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code =+976 (0)142 |blank_name =License plate |blank_info =БӨ_ (_variable) |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = {{URL|http://olgii.bo.gov.mn/}} |footnotes = }} Ölgii ({{lang-mn|Өлгий}} cradle) is the capital of the Bayan-Ölgii Aimag (province) of Mongolia, located in the extreme west of the country. It lies on an altitude of {{convert|1710|m|ft|0|abbr=off|sp=us}}. City population is 28,496 (2008[2]). CultureThe center of the predominantly Kazakh region of Mongolia, Kazakh is the primary language spoken in Ölgii. The city is home to at least 4 mosques. The city is known for its Kazakh embroidery and art, Kazakh music, and hunting with eagles.[3] Each October, Ölgii hosts the annual Golden Eagle Festival which showcases the ancient Kazakh custom of eagle hunting.[4] HistoryÖlgii was an ethnic Kazakh village before the founding of the modern nation of Mongolia in 1911. Kazakhs have been coming to the Altai region of Mongolia for at least 200 years. Many came as Kazakhs faced pressure from the expanding Russian Empire. These numbers increased significantly after the 1917 Russian Revolution and the rise of communism in China. It was the center of Islam in Mongolia before religious purges in the 1930s in which the mosque was destroyed and the imam was executed. Mongolia initially tried to suppress Kazakh language and culture before creating Bayan-Ölgii Aimag in 1939, with Ölgii as the seat of government.{{cn|date=January 2019}} Much of the center of the city was built in the 1950s to 1980s. Ölgii developed less than the rest of Mongolia and was not connected by railroad or paved road due to its isolated location and lack of mineral resources. After the Mongolian democratic revolution in 1991 and the breakup of the Soviet Union, 25% of the population moved to newly-independent Kazakhstan. Though, many later returned and the population has largely recovered. In recent years construction has increased significantly resulting in many new apartments, shops, restaurants, and hotels (most have been built since 2005), mirroring a construction boom throughout Mongolia.[5][6] Like other post-communist cities, much of the industry closed down in the 1990s, although a large wool factory and many smaller animal related factories continue to process products from the 2 million animals in the aimag.{{cn|date=January 2019}} Transportation{{unsourced|section|date=January 2019}}The Ölgii Airport (ULG/ZMUL) has one paved runway. It offers regular flights to Ulan Bator and Khovd and irregular flights to Ulaangom in Mongolia and Almaty in Kazakhstan via Oskemen Airport. Bayan-Ölgii has border crossings with Russia and China. The Tsaagannuur Border crossing with Russia is open year round and is the preferred route for traveling to and from Kazakhstan. This crossing does not have immigration offices. People will need to acquire a visa before going to the border. The Taikeshken border crossing with China is only open during the summer due to high mountain passes that become difficult to pass during winter months. There are few paved roads in Bayan-Ölgii outside of Ölgii. Half the distance between Tsaagannuur village (30 km from the border crossing) and Ölgii is paved. The government of Mongolia plans to pave the Tsaagannuur to Ulaanbaatar route through Ölgii, Khovd, Govi-Altai, and Övörkhangai Provinces by 2015. Currently only Övörkhangai to Ulaanbaatar is paved, or {{convert|600|km|mi|-1}} of the {{convert|1600|km|mi|-1}} distance. Regularly scheduled buses connect Ölgii to Ulaanbaatar, with trips leaving 3 days a week. The non-stop trip is 48 hours under ideal conditions, though often lasting 3 to 5 days. Stops are made along the ways for meals and restroom breaks. StructuresThere is a 352.5 metre tall guyed radio mast for broadcasting on 207 kHz radio waves.{{cn|date=January 2019}} ClimateÖlgii experiences a subarctic-influenced desert climate (Köppen BWk) with long, very dry, very cold winters and short, warm summers.{{cn|date=January 2019}} {{Weather box|location = Ölgii |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 4.2 |Feb record high C = -0.2 |Mar record high C = 16.8 |Apr record high C = 23.2 |May record high C = 29.3 |Jun record high C = 31.6 |Jul record high C = 32.0 |Aug record high C = 32.3 |Sep record high C = 26.5 |Oct record high C = 20.9 |Nov record high C = 12.8 |Dec record high C = 8.5 |Jan high C = -10.7 |Feb high C = -6.9 |Mar high C = 1.2 |Apr high C = 9.0 |May high C = 16.1 |Jun high C = 21.2 |Jul high C = 22.6 |Aug high C = 21.2 |Sep high C = 15.5 |Oct high C = 6.9 |Nov high C = -2.4 |Dec high C = -9.2 |Jan mean C = -17.1 |Feb mean C = -14.7 |Mar mean C = -6.7 |Apr mean C = 1.7 |May mean C = 9.3 |Jun mean C = 14.6 |Jul mean C = 16.3 |Aug mean C = 14.5 |Sep mean C = 8.6 |Oct mean C = 0.1 |Nov mean C = -8.5 |Dec mean C = -15.0 |Jan low C = -22.6 |Feb low C = -21.1 |Mar low C = -13.6 |Apr low C = -5.1 |May low C = 3.0 |Jun low C = 8.3 |Jul low C = 10.4 |Aug low C = 8.6 |Sep low C = 2.7 |Oct low C = -4.9 |Nov low C = -13.7 |Dec low C = -20.2 |Jan record low C = −37.9 |Feb record low C = -40.2 |Mar record low C = −34.0 |Apr record low C = -20.8 |May record low C = -10.0 |Jun record low C = -2.3 |Jul record low C = 0.6 |Aug record low C = -3.0 |Sep record low C = -16.5 |Oct record low C = -23.5 |Nov record low C = −32.9 |Dec record low C = −36.0 |Jan precipitation mm = 0.6 |Feb precipitation mm = 0.5 |Mar precipitation mm = 1.3 |Apr precipitation mm = 4.5 |May precipitation mm = 10.6 |Jun precipitation mm = 25.0 |Jul precipitation mm = 34.0 |Aug precipitation mm = 20.0 |Sep precipitation mm = 12.5 |Oct precipitation mm = 3.0 |Nov precipitation mm = 0.7 |Dec precipitation mm = 1.0 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 0.2 |Feb precipitation days = 0.2 |Mar precipitation days = 0.5 |Apr precipitation days = 1.0 |May precipitation days = 2.3 |Jun precipitation days = 5.1 |Jul precipitation days = 7.1 |Aug precipitation days = 4.3 |Sep precipitation days = 2.8 |Oct precipitation days = 0.7 |Nov precipitation days = 0.2 |Dec precipitation days = 0.2 |source 1 =NOAA (1961-1990) [7]}} References1. ^ 2. ^Bayan-Ölgii Aimag Annual Statistical Report 2008, Statis.mn; accessed 6 January 2019. 3. ^Official Tourism Website of Bayan-Ölgii, Discover-bayanolgii.com; accessed 6 January 2019. 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.lonelyplanet.com/thorntree/forums/asia-north-east-asia/mongolia/golden-eagle-festival-oct-5-6-2013-mongolia|title=Thorn Tree - Golden Eagle Festival Oct 5&6 2013 Mongolia|website=Lonelyplanet.com|accessdate=7 January 2019}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://discover-bayanolgii.com/olgii-city/|title=Around Olgii|date=29 December 2012|website=Discover-bayanolgii.com|accessdate=7 January 2019}} 6. ^Werner, Cynthia. "Kazakhs in Mongolia", Cynthiawerner.com; accessed 6 January 2019. 7. ^{{cite web|url=ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/MO/44214.TXT|title=Ulgii Climate Normals 1961-1990|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|accessdate=12 January 2012}} External links{{Wikivoyage|Ölgii}}
2 : Populated places in Mongolia|Aimag centers |
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