| 词条 | ČSA Flight 001 |
| 释义 |
|Crash image=Ilyushin Il-18V, CSA - Ceskoslovenske Aerolinie AN0192942.jpg |Image caption=ČSA Ilyushin Il-18V OK-PAI, similar to the accident aircraft |Date=July 28, 1976, 9:37 CEST |Type=Pilot error and/or technical failure |occurrence_type = Accident |Site=Lake Zlaté piesky near Bratislava, Czechoslovakia |coordinates ={{coord|48|10|55|N|17|11|24|E|type:event|display=title,inline}} |Fatalities=76 |Injuries=3 |Aircraft Type=Ilyushin Il-18B |Operator=ČSA |Tail Number=OK-NAB |Passengers=73 |Crew=6 |Survivors=3 (passengers) |}} Czechoslovak Airlines Flight 001 was an Ilyushin Il-18B four engine turboprop airliner, registered OK-NAB, which was operating as a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Prague's Ruzyně airport to Bratislava-Ivanka Airport, both in Czechoslovakia, which crashed into the Zlaté Piesky (Golden Sands) Lake while attempting to land in Bratislava on July 28, 1976. All 6 crew members and 70 out of 73 passengers died. CrashThe flight departed Prague airport at 8:52 (CEST) and proceeded routinely to Bratislava. At 9:35:10 (CEST) the flight was cleared by Bratislava tower to land on runway 22. For reasons that are unclear, the crew executed a highly unstabilized ILS instrument approach to runway 22, with rates of descent as high as {{convert|22|m/s|abbr=on}} instead of {{convert|10|m/s|abbr=on}}; speeds varying from {{convert|225|to|435|km/h|abbr=on}} instead of {{convert|269|km/h|abbr=on}}; and flap selection directly from 0 degree to full flaps instead of in gradual increments. As they approached the runway, the crew inadvertently set thrust reversal at the no. 2 and no. 3 engine (inboard engines) while still airborne. The thrust reversal caused the no. 3 engine to fail and the crew then inadvertently feathered the no. 4 prop, losing all thrust on the right side of the aircraft. At {{convert|50|m|abbr=on}} above the runway threshold the crew attempted to execute a go around. They tried to restart the no. 4 engine at {{convert|40|m|abbr=on}}, but the ensuing right bank due to asymmetric thrust increased; the aircraft then lost control and struck lake Zlaté piesky (Golden Sands) in a 60 degree right bank and a 60 degree nose down attitude.[1] InvestigationThe investigators published [2] the causes as follows:
Rescue operationThe plane crashed into a lake in a densely populated area and rescue operations started immediately after the crash. Svazarm divers tried to help, but most passengers drowned or died due to crash forces. Initially four passengers were pulled out alive, of whom two later died in the hospital. ControversySurviving passenger Jaromír Kratochvíl later claimed in an interview that flight captain requested emergency landing in Brno but it was rejected because of the Vietnamese delegation visiting the city and an emergency landing would harm the image of the country. He also claimed that Vienna airport offered an emergency landing permission but communist authorities rejected it.[3] It is unclear how a surviving passenger would be aware of the captain's actions during the flight, or how searching for an alternate emergency landing site relates to an unstabilized approach with inadvertent thrust reversal deployment at Bratislava. See also{{Portal|Aviation|1970s|Disasters}}
References1. ^Planes History 2. ^Final report - page 57 (in czech) 3. ^'Plane crashed in Bratislava 30 years ago (Pred 30 rokmi v Bratislave spadlo lietadlo)' at Pravda, 28 July 2006 External links
8 : Airliner accidents and incidents caused by pilot error|Aviation accidents and incidents in Czechoslovakia|Aviation accidents and incidents in Slovakia|Aviation accidents and incidents in 1976|Czech Airlines accidents and incidents|1976 in Czechoslovakia|Accidents and incidents involving the Ilyushin Il-18|July 1976 events in Europe |
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