| 词条 | Đavolja Varoš |
| 释义 |
| name = Đavolja varoš | iucn_category = III | iucn_ref = | photo = Đavolja Varoš.jpg | photo_caption = Đavolja Varoš | map = | map_image = | map_size = | map_caption = | relief = | location = Toplica, Serbia | nearest_city = | nearest_town = | coordinates = {{coord|42|59|33|N|21|24|26|E|display=inline,title}} | coords_ref = | length = | length_mi = | length_km = | width = | width_mi = | width_km = | area_km2 = 0.67 | area_ref = | elevation = {{convert|700|m|ft|abbr=on}} | elevation_avg = | elevation_min = | elevation_max = | dimensions = | designation = | authorized = | created = | designated = | established = | named_for = | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | visitation_ref = | governing_body = | administrator = | operator = | owner = | website = {{URL|http://www.djavoljavaros.com/}} | embedded = }} Đavolja varoš ({{lang-sr-cyr|Ђавоља варош}}, meaning "Devil's Town") is a peculiar rock formation, located in south Serbia on the Radan Mountain on the territory of the village of Đake[1] in the municipality Kuršumlija. GeologyĐavolja Varoš features 202 exotic formations described as earth pyramids or "towers", as the locals refer to them. They are {{convert|2|to|15|m|abbr=on}} tall and {{convert|4|to|6|m|abbr=on}} wide at the base. These formations were created by strong erosion of the soil that was scene of intense volcanic activity millions of years ago.[2] Most of the towers have "caps" or "heads" of andesite, which protect them from further erosion.[3] Volatile volcanic history left marks in the multicolored rocks in the towers hinterlands. However, Đavolja Varoš in its modern form is a relatively new feature. As the inhabitants of the surrounding region were cutting down the forests, they enabled for the precipitation to erode the rocks.[4] The area beneath the towers is called The Hell gully (Paklena jaruga) and the surrounding terrain is a location of the mine shafts from the medieval Nemanjić Serbia.[1] A natural spring is located beneath the formations and has a high mineral concentration. There are two springs: Đavolja voda (Devil’s Water), with extremely acidic water (pH 1.5) and high mineral concentration (15 g/l of water), and Crveno vrelo (Red Well).[6] The unusually pungent spring waters were examined for the first time in 1905 by Aleksandar Zega, founder of the Serbian Chemical Society.[1] ProtectionThe formations were scientifically examined and described in 1955 by Tomislav Rakićević.[1] Since 1959, Đavolja Varoš has been protected by the state and a 1995 decision of the Serbian Government declared it a major natural monument subject to category one protection.[5] It is visited by 50,000 tourists yearly.[1] Đavolja Varoš was a nominee in the New Seven Wonders of Nature campaign.[6] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{Citation | last = | first = | author = Dragan Borisavljević | title = Đavolja varoš na putu za svetsko čudo | newspaper = Politika | pages = | language = Serbian | date = 8 July 2009| url = http://www.politika.rs/sr/clanak/94619/Davolja-varos-na-putu-za-svetsko-cudo}} 2. ^Đavolja varoš {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508104848/https://www.serbia.travel/nature/natural-monuments/djavolja-varos/ |date=2013-05-08 }}, National Tourist Organization of Serbia (English) 3. ^The Djavolja Varos (Devil's Town) Natural Landmark, UNESCO World Heritage 4. ^{{Citation | last = | first = | author = | title = Da li znate? - Koliko ima kamenih stubova u Đavoljoj varoši?| newspaper = Politika | pages = | language = Serbian | date = 14 November 2016| url = }} 5. ^1 About Devil's Town, Official website 6. ^New7Wonders: Đavolja Varoš, Rock Formation {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090709204835/http://www.new7wonders.com/nature/en/nominees/europe/c/DavoljaVarosRockFormation/ |date=2009-07-09 }} External links{{commonscat|Đavolja varoš}}
6 : Rock formations of Serbia|Springs of Serbia|Tourist attractions in Serbia|Protected areas of Serbia|Erosion landforms|Geology of Serbia |
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