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词条 10-second barrier
释义

  1. History

      Hand timing   Automatic timing 

  2. Electronically timed marks

     Notes  Totals 

  3. Hand timed marks

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2012}}

The 10-second barrier is a term used in track and field athletics, which refers to the physical and psychological barrier of completing the men's 100 metres sprint in under ten seconds. The achievement was traditionally regarded as the hallmark of a world-class sprinter. The 10 second barrier tends to be the crown jewel of the sport. [1]

History

{{See also|Men's 100 metres world record progression}}

For sprints, the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) rules for world records and other recognised performances require: a wind assistance of not more than two metres per second ({{convert|7.2|kph}}) in the direction of travel; fully automatic timing (FAT) to one hundredth of a second; and no use of performance-enhancing substances.{{ref label|Note5|5|5}} Wind gauge malfunctions or infractions may invalidate a sprinter's time.{{ref label|Note6|6|6}}

Hand timing

Prior to 1977, FAT was not required for IAAF official timings.[2] Times were recorded manually to one tenth of a second; three official timers with stopwatches noted when the starting gun flashed and when the runner crossed the finish line, and their median recorded time was the official mark. Some races also had an unofficial FAT, or semi-automatic time, often in conjunction with photo finish equipment. The first person timed at under ten seconds was Bob Hayes, who ran 9.9 s in April 1963 at the Mt. SAC Relays with an illegal following wind of {{convert|11|mph|m/s|abbr=on}}.[3][4] Hayes clocked another illegal 9.9 s (wind {{convert|5.3|m/s|mph|abbr=on}}) in the semi-final of the 1964 Olympic 100 m, with the first sub-10 FAT of 9.91 s.[5] In the final, Hayes' official tenths time of 10.0 s was calculated by rounding down the FAT of 10.06 s; the backup hand-timers recorded 9.8, 9.9, and 9.9, which would have given 9.9 s as the official time if the FAT had malfunctioned.[2]

At the 1968 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships at Charles C. Hughes Stadium in Sacramento, California, United States, three men ran legal hand-timed 9.9 seconds: Jim Hines first and Ronnie Ray Smith second in the first semi-final, and Charlie Greene first in the second semi-final.[2][6] This was dubbed the "Night of Speed", and all three were recognised as world records by the IAAF.[2] The IAAF lists their FATs as: Hines 10.03, Smith 10.14 and Greene 10.10;[2] although Time magazine reported at the time that "an automatic Bulova Accutron Phototimer confirmed that all three had indeed broken [10.0s]".[7] Hines also had a wind-assisted 9.8 s in the heats.[7] Hines went on to win the 1968 Olympic 100m in 9.9 s, rounded down from his FAT of 9.95, making it the first non-wind-assisted electronic sub-10-second performance.[2] By 1976, six other men had equalled the 9.9 s hand-timed record, though none of their performances had an FAT mark.[2]

Automatic timing

After the 1977 rule change, Jim Hines' nine-year-old 9.95 was the only recognised sub-10-second race.[2] That year the barrier was broken again, when Silvio Leonard ran 9.98 seconds on 11 August 1977. Both of these marks were recorded at a high altitude, which aids performance due to lower air resistance. Carl Lewis was the first sprinter to break ten seconds at low altitude under electronic timing, with 9.97 seconds on 14 May 1983 at the Modesto Relays.

Calvin Smith recorded a world record 9.93 seconds on 3 July 1983, again at altitude in Colorado Springs, Colorado and became the first sprinter to run under ten seconds twice, in August that year.

Six sprinters legally broke the barrier during the 1980s. Another, Ben Johnson, had eclipsed both the 9.90 mark and 9.80 mark in 1987 and 1988, however both of these records were disqualified after he tested positive for, and later admitted to using steroids.

The 100 m final at the 1991 World Championships represented a new zenith in the event: six athletes ran under ten seconds in the same race, and winner Carl Lewis lowered the world record to 9.86 seconds.[8] In second place was Leroy Burrell who also broke the former world record, which had been his at 9.90 seconds. In third place, 0.01 seconds slower than the former world record with a time of 9.91 seconds, was Dennis Mitchell. In fourth place, breaking his own European record of 9.97 seconds, was Linford Christie with a time of 9.92 seconds.

Maurice Greene was the first athlete to run under 9.80 seconds in 1999. Usain Bolt surpassed 9.70 seconds in 2008 and 9.60 in 2009. The 10-second barrier has been broken by athletes from five of the six continental athletic associations, the exception being of South America where Brazilian Robson da Silva holds the area record with ten seconds flat.[9]

The 2008 season saw a new high for sub-10 second performances: 14 runners achieved the feat a total of 53 times between them, the highest ever for either figure. Furthermore, ten men had achieved the result for the first time in that year – another record. The men's 100 metres final at the 2008 Summer Olympics saw a world record and six men clear ten seconds (equalling the number from the 1991 World Championships). Only two months into the start of the outdoor track season, 2011 became a record-breaking year as fifteen men ran under ten seconds between April and June.[10] As of 10 June 2013, 86 sprinters have broken the 10-second barrier with an official, legal time. The men's 100 metres final at the 2012 Summer Olympics saw a new Olympic record and seven men dip below ten seconds, with only one competitor failing to do so. However, one of the first seven, Tyson Gay, was later disqualified from this race. Prior to his disqualification, he had been in fourth place with a time of 9.80 seconds, the fastest fourth place in history.

On May 29, 2016, former World Champion Kim Collins improved his personal record by running 9.93 +1.9 in Bottrop as a 40 year old. He improved his own standing as the oldest man to break the 10-second barrier, the first over the age of 40. Omar McLeod, a sprint hurdles specialist, became the first hurdling athlete to break ten seconds in April 2016.[11]

No woman has recorded an official sub-10 second time. The female 100 metre world record is 10.49 seconds, set by American Florence Griffith-Joyner in 1988.

{{clear right}}

Electronically timed marks

Sprinters who have broken the 10-second barrier
#DateAthleteTime
{{0(seconds)		AgeNationalityContinent{{ref label|Note1|1|1Best (year){{ref label|Note2|2|2Doping caseRef
1001|14 October 1968}}Jim|Hines}}Note3|3|3}}1946|09|10|1968|10|14}}{{USA}}North America9.95 (1968)
2002|11 August 1977}}Silvio|Leonard}}9.98 A1955|09|20|1977|08|11}}{{CUB}}North America9.98 (1977)
3003|14 May 1983}}Carl|Lewis}}9.971961|07|01|1983|05|14}}{{USA}}North America9.86 (1991)Yes
4004|3 July 1983}}Calvin|Smith}}9.93 A1961|01|08|1983|07|03}}{{USA}}North America9.93 (1983)
5005|5 May 1984}}Mel|Lattany}}9.961959|08|10|1984|05|05}}{{USA}}North America9.96 (1984)
Note5|5|5}}006|24 September 1988}}Linford|Christie}}9.971960|04|02|1988|09|24}}{{GBR}}Europe9.87 (1993)Yes
7007|20 May 1989}}Raymond|Stewart|Ray Stewart (athlete)}}9.971965|03|18|1989|05|20}}{{JAM}}North America9.96 (1991)
8008|16 June 1989}}Leroy|Burrell}}9.941967|02|21|1989|06|16}}{{USA}}North America9.85 (1994)
9009|25 August 1991}}Dennis|Mitchell}}9.991966|02|20|1991|08|25}}{{USA}}North America9.91 (1991)Yes
10010|25 August 1991}}Frankie|Fredericks}}9.951967|10|02|1991|08|25}}{{NAM}}Africa9.86 (1996)
11011|11 September 1991}}Andre|Cason}}9.991969|01|20|1991|09|11}}{{USA}}North America9.92 (1993)
12012|4 April 1992}}Olapade|Adeniken}}9.971969|08|19|1992|04|04}}{{NGR}}Africa9.95 (1994)
13013|18 April 1992}}Michael|Marsh|Michael Marsh (athlete)}}9.931967|08|04|1992|04|18}}{{USA}}North America9.93 (1992)
14014|18 April 1992}}Davidson|Ezinwa}}9.961971|11|22|1992|04|18}}{{NGR}}Africa9.94 (1994)Yes
15015|21 May 1993}}Daniel|Effiong}}9.991972|06|17|1993|05|21}}{{NGR}}Africa9.98 (1993)Yes
16016|22 July 1994}}Jon|Drummond}}9.991968|09|09|1994|07|22}}{{USA}}North America9.92 (1997)
17017|22 April 1995}}Donovan|Bailey}}9.991967|12|16|1995|04|22}}{{CAN}}North America9.84 (1996)
18018|15 June 1995}}Bruny|Surin}}9.971967|07|12|1995|06|15}}{{CAN}}North America9.84 (1999)
19019|21 April 1996}}Ato|Boldon}}9.931973|12|30|1996|04|21}}{{TRI}}North America9.86 (1998)
20020|12 June 1997}}Maurice|Greene|Maurice Greene (athlete)}}9.961974|07|23|1997|06|12}}{{USA}}North America9.79 (1999)
21021|12 June 1997}}Kareem|Streete-Thompson}}9.961973|03|30|1997|06|12}}{{USA}}North America9.96 (1997)
22022|12 June 1997}}Tim|Montgomery}}9.961975|01|25|1997|06|12}}{{USA}}North America9.92 (1997)Yes
23023|20 June 1997}}Percival|Spencer|Percival Spencer (athlete)}}9.981975|02|24|1997|06|20}}{{JAM}}North America9.98 (1997)
24024|13 July 1997}}Seun|Ogunkoya}}9.971977|12|28|1997|07|13}}{{NGR}}Africa9.92 (1998)
25025|9 August 1998}}Vincent|Henderson}}9.951972|10|20|1998|08|09}}{{USA}}North America9.95 (1998)
26026|11 September 1998}}Obadele|Thompson}}9.87 A1976|03|30|1998|09|11}}{{BAR}}North America9.87 (1998)
27027|5 June 1999}}Leonard|Myles-Mills}}9.981973|05|09|1999|06|05}}{{GHA}}Africa9.98 (1999)
28028|13 June 1999}}Dwain|Chambers}}9.991978|04|05|1999|06|13}}{{GBR}}Europe9.97 (1999)Yes
29029|2 July 1999}}Jason|Gardener}}9.981975|09|18|1999|07|02}}{{GBR}}Europe9.98 (1999)
30030|5 July 1999}}Tim|Harden}}9.921974|01|27|1999|07|05}}{{USA}}North America9.92 (1999)
31031|2 June 2000}}Coby|Miller}}9.981976|10|19|2000|06|02}}{{USA}}North America9.98 (2000)
32032|2 June 2000}}Bernard|Williams|Bernard Williams (athlete)}}9.991978|01|19|2000|06|02}}{{USA}}North America9.94 (2001)Yes
33033|21 June 2000}}Francis|Obikwelu}}9.971978|11|22|2000|06|21}}Note4|4|4}}Africa9.86 (2004)
34034|12 April 2002}}Shawn|Crawford}}9.991978|01|14|2002|04|12}}{{USA}}North America9.88 (2004)Yes
35035|21 April 2002}}Joshua J.|Johnson}}9.951976|05|10|2002|04|21}}{{USA}}North America9.95 (2002)
36036|4 May 2002}}Brian|Lewis|Brian Lewis (athlete)}}9.991974|12|05|2002|05|04}}{{USA}}North America9.99 (2002)
37037|27 July 2002}}Kim|Collins}}9.981976|04|05|2002|07|27}}{{SKN}}North America9.93 (2016)
38038|5 May 2003}}Patrick|Johnson|Patrick Johnson (sprinter)}}9.931972|09|26|2003|05|05}}{{AUS}}Oceania9.93 (2003)
39039|19 July 2003}}Deji|Aliu}}9.981975|11|22|2003|07|19}}{{NGR}}Africa9.95 (2003)
40040|15 August 2003}}John|Capel}}9.971978|11|27|2003|08|15}}{{USA}}North America9.95 (2004)Yes
41041|15 August 2003}}Justin|Gatlin}}9.971982|02|10|2003|08|15}}{{USA}}North America9.74 (2015)Yes
42042|15 August 2003}}Mickey|Grimes}}9.991976|10|10|2003|08|15}}{{USA}}North America9.99 (2003)Yes
43043|12 October 2003}}Uchenna|Emedolu}}9.971976|09|17|2003|10|12}}{{NGR}}Africa9.97 (2003)
44044|12 June 2004}}Asafa|Powell}}9.991982|11|23|2004|06|12}}{{JAM}}North America9.72 (2010)Yes
45045|14 June 2005}}Aziz|Zakari}}9.991976|09|02|2005|06|14}}{{GHA}}Africa9.99 (2005)Yes
46046|25 June 2005}}Marc|Burns}}9.961983|01|07|2005|06|25}}{{TRI}}North America9.96 (2005)
47047|25 June 2005}}Darrel|Brown}}9.991984|10|11|2005|06|25}}{{TRI}}North America9.99 (2005)
48048|5 July 2005}}Ronald|Pognon}}9.991982|11|16|2005|07|05}}{{FRA}}Europe9.99 (2005)
49049|22 July 2005}}Leonard|Scott}}9.941980|01|19|2005|07|22}}{{USA}}North America9.91 (2006)
50050|25 May 2006}}Olusoji|Fasuba}}9.931984|07|09|2006|05|25}}{{NGR}}Africa9.85 (2006)
51051|25 July 2006}}Tyson|Gay}}9.971982|08|09|2006|07|25}}{{USA}}North America9.69 (2009)Yes
52052|18 August 2006}}Marcus|Brunson}}9.991978|04|24|2006|08|18}}{{USA}}North America9.99 (2006)
53053|24 April 2007}}Derrick|Atkins}}9.981984|01|05|2007|04|24}}{{BAH}}North America9.91 (2007)
54054|8 June 2007}}Walter|Dix}}9.931986|01|31|2007|06|08}}{{USA}}North America9.88 (2010)
55055|26 July 2007}}Samuel|Francis|Samuel Francis (athlete)}}9.991987|03|27|2007|07|26}}{{QAT}}Asia9.99 (2007)
56056|28 September 2007}}Wallace|Spearmon}}9.961984|12|24|2007|09|28}}{{USA}}North America9.96 (2007)
57057|3 May 2008}}Usain|Bolt}}9.761986|08|21|2008|05|03}}{{JAM}}North America9.58 (2009)
58058|10 May 2008}}Travis|Padgett}}9.961986|12|13|2008|05|10}}{{USA}}North America9.89 (2008)
59059|18 May 2008}}Richard|Thompson|Richard Thompson (athlete)}}9.931985|06|07|2008|05|18}}{{TRI}}North America9.82 (2014)
60060|28 June 2008}}Rodney|Martin|Rodney Martin (athlete)}}9.951982|12|22|2008|06|28}}{{USA}}North America9.95 (2008)[12]
61061|28 June 2008}}Mark|Jelks}}9.991984|04|10|2008|06|28}}{{USA}}North America9.99 (2008)Yes[12]
62062|28 June 2008}}Darvis|Patton}}9.891977|12|04|2008|06|28}}{{USA}}North America9.89 (2008)[12]
63063|28 June 2008}}Ivory|Williams}}9.941985|05|02|2008|06|28}}{{USA}}North America9.94 (2008)Yes[12]
64064|22 July 2008}}Nesta|Carter}}9.981985|10|11|2008|07|22}}{{JAM}}North America9.78 (2010)Yes
65065|15 August 2008}}Churandy|Martina}}9.991984|07|03|2008|08|15}}{{AHO}}/{{NED}}North America/Europe9.91 (2012)
66066|16 August 2008}}Michael|Frater}}9.971982|10|06|2008|08|16}}{{JAM}}North America9.88 (2011)
67067|24 May 2009}}Daniel|Bailey}}9.991986|09|09|2009|05|24}}{{ATG}}North America9.91 (2009)[13]
68068|7 June 2009}}Mike|Rodgers|Mike Rodgers (athlete)}}9.941985|04|24|2009|06|07}}{{USA}}North America9.85 (2011)Yes[14]
69069|10 July 2009}}Yohan|Blake}}9.961989|12|26|2009|07|10}}{{JAM}}North America9.69 (2012)Yes[15][16]
70070|28 August 2009}}Lerone|Clarke}}9.991981|07|07|2009|08|28}}{{JAM}}North America9.99 (2009)
71071|9 July 2010}}Christophe|Lemaitre}}9.981990|06|11|2010|07|09}}{{FRA}}Europe9.92 (2011)[17]
72072|19 August 2010}}Trell|Kimmons}}9.951985|07|13|2010|08|19}}{{USA}}North America9.95 (2010)[18]
73073|29 August 2010}}Ryan|Bailey|Ryan Bailey (athlete)}}9.951989|04|13|2010|08|29}}{{USA}}North America9.88 (2010)Yes[19][20]
74074|29 August 2010}}Mario|Forsythe}}9.991985|10|30|2010|08|29}}{{JAM}}North America9.95 (2010)[19]
Note7|7|7}}075|16 April 2011}}Steve|Mullings}}9.901982|11|28|2011|04|16}}{{JAM}}North America9.80 (2011)Yes[21]
76076|23 April 2011}}Ngonidzashe|Makusha}}9.971987|03|11|2011|04|23}}{{ZIM}}Africa9.89 (2011)[22]
77077|4 June 2011}}Nickel|Ashmeade}}9.961990|04|07|2011|06|04}}{{JAM}}North America9.90 (2013)[23]
78078|4 June 2011}}Keston|Bledman}}9.931988|03|08|2011|06|04}}{{TRI}}North America9.86 (2012)[24]
79079|10 June 2011}}Mookie|Salaam}}9.971990|04|05|2011|06|10}}{{USA}}North America9.97 (2011)[10]
80080|30 June 2011}}Jaysuma Saidy|Ndure}}9.991984|07|01|2011|06|30}}{{NOR}}Europe9.95 (2014)[25]
81081|6 June 2012}}Harry|Adams|Harry Adams (athlete)}}9.961989|11|27|2012|06|06}}{{USA}}North America9.96 (2012)[26]
82082|7 July 2012}}Kemar|Hyman}}9.951989|10|11|2012|07|07}}{{CAY}}North America9.95 (2012)[27]
83083|7 September 2012}}Kemar|Bailey-Cole}}9.971992|1|10|2012|09|07}}{{JAM}}North America9.92 (2015)
84084|23 May 2013}}Isiah|Young}}9.991990|1|5|2013|05|23}}{{USA}}North America9.92 (2018)
85085|5 June 2013}}Dentarius|Locke}}9.971989|12|12|2013|06|05}}{{USA}}North America9.96 (2013)[28]
86086|8 June 2013}}Gabriel|Mvumvure}}9.981988|02|23|2013|06|08}}{{ZIM}}Africa9.98 (2013)
87087|21 June 2013}}Charles|Silmon}}9.981991|07|04|2013|06|21}}{{USA}}North America9.98 (2013)
88088|13 July 2013}}James|Dasaolu}}9.911987|09|05|2013|07|13}}{{GBR}}Europe9.91 (2013)
89089|13 July 2013}}Jimmy|Vicaut}}9.951992|02|27|2013|07|13}}{{FRA}}Europe9.86 (2015)
90090|12 April 2014}}Simon|Magakwe}}9.98 A1986|05|14|2014|04|12}}{{RSA}}Africa9.98 (2014)Yes[29]
91091|17 May 2014}}Kemarley|Brown}}9.931992|07|20|2014|05|17}}{{JAM}}North America9.93 (2014)[30]
92092|8 June 2014}}Chijindu|Ujah}}9.961994|03|05|2014|6|8}}{{GBR}}Europe9.96 (2014)[31]
Note8|8|8}}093|13 June 2014}}Trayvon|Bromell}}9.971995|07|10|2014|6|13}}{{USA}}North America9.84 (2015)[32]
94094|28 September 2014}}Femi|Ogunode}}9.931991|05|15|2014|09|28}}{{QAT}}Asia9.91 (2015)Yes[33]
95095|10 May 2015}}Clayton|Vaughn}}9.931992|05|15|2015|05|10}}{{USA}}North America9.93 (2015)
Note9|9|9}}096|17 May 2015}}Andre|De Grasse}}9.971994|11|10|2015|05|17}}{{CAN}}North America9.91 (2016)
97097|17 May 2015}}Bryce|Robinson}}9.991993|11|13|2015|05|17}}{{USA}}North America9.99 (2015)
98098|20 May 2015}}Marvin|Bracy}}9.951993|12|15|2015|05|20}}{{USA}}North America9.93 (2015)
99099|30 May 2015}}Su|Bingtian}}9.991989|08|29|2015|05|30}}{{CHN}}Asia9.91 (2018)
100100|7 June 2015}}Adam|Gemili}}9.971993|10|06|2015|06|07}}{{GBR}}Europe9.97 (2015)
101101|25 June 2015}}Diondre|Batson}}9.941992|07|13|2015|06|25}}{{USA}}North America9.94 (2015)[34]
102102|25 June 2015}}Beejay|Lee}}9.991993|05|08|2015|06|25}}{{USA}}North America9.99 (2015)[34]
103103|25 June 2015}}Quentin|Butler|Quentin Butler (athlete)}}9.961992|09|18|2015|06|25}}{{USA}}North America9.96 (2015)[35]
104104|1 July 2015}}Akani|Simbine}}9.991993|09|21|2015|07|01}}{{RSA}}Africa9.89 (2016)
105105|5 July 2015}}Henricho|Bruintjies}}9.971993|07|16|2015|07|05}}{{RSA}}Africa9.97 (2015)
106106|11 July 2015}}Andrew|Fisher| Andrew Fisher (athlete)}}9.941991|12|15|2015|07|11}}{{JAM}}North America9.94 (2015)
107107|12 March 2016}}Wayde|Van Niekerk|Wayde van Niekerk}}9.98 A1992|07|15|2016|03|12}}{{RSA}}Africa9.94 (2017)[36]
108108|23 April 2016}}Omar|McLeod|Omar McLeod}}9.991994|04|25|2016|04|23}}Jamaica}}North America9.99 (2016)[37]
109109|2 June 2016}}Ameer|Webb|Ameer Webb}}9.941991|03|19|2016|06|02}}United States}}North America9.94 (2016)[38]
110110|6 June 2016}}Ben Youssef|Meïté|Ben Youssef Meïté}}9.991986|11|11|2016|06|06}}CIV}}Africa9.96 (2016)[39]
1118 June 2016Senoj-Jay Givans9.961993|12|30|2016|06|08}}{{JAM}}North America9.96 (2016)[40]
11211 June 2016Aaron Brown9.961992|05|27|2016|06|11}}{{CAN}}North America9.96 (2016)[41]
11312 June 2016Note10|10|10}}9.921989|05|04|2016|06|12}}{{TUR}}Europe9.92 (2016)[42]
11424 June 2016Rondel Sorrillo9.991986|01|24|2016|06|25}}{{TTO}}North America9.99 (2016)[43]
115115|3 July 2016}}Christian|Coleman|Christian Coleman}}9.951996|03|06|2016|07|03}}United States}}North America9.79 (2018)[44]
11630 July 2016Joel Fearon9.961988|10|11|2016|07|30}}{{GBR}}Europe9.96 (2016)[45]
11717 March 2017Thando Roto9.951995|9|26|2017|3|17}}South Africa}}Africa9.95 (2017)[46]
11815 April 2017Ronnie Baker9.991993|10|15|2017|4|15}}United States}}North America9.87 (2018)[47]
11922 April 2017Odean Skeen9.981994|8|28|2017|4|22}}{{JAM}}North America9.98 (2017)[48]
12013 May 2017Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake9.991994|4|2|2017|5|13}}{{GBR}}Europe9.99 (2017)[49]
1217 June 2017Cameron Burrell9.931994|9|11|2017|6|7}}{{USA}}North America9.93 (2017)[50]
1227 June 2017Christopher Belcher9.931994|1|29|2017|6|7}}{{USA}}North America9.93 (2017)[50]
12323 June 2017Julian Forte9.991993|7|1|2017|6|23}}{{JAM}}North America9.91 (2017)[51]
1246 July 2017Note11|11|11}}9.971990|5|29|2017|7|6}}{{TUR}}Europe9.97 (2017)[52]
1259 September 2017Yoshihide Kiryū9.981995|12|15|2017|9|9}}{{JPN}}Asia9.98 (2017)[53]
12613 May 2018Kendal Williams9.991995|09|23|2018|05|13}}{{USA}}North America9.99 (2018)
12725 May 2018Jaylen Bacon9.971996|08|05|2018|05|25}}{{USA}}North America9.97 (2018)
12825 May 2018Andre Ewers9.981995|06|07|2018|05|25}}{{JAM}}North America9.98 (2018)
1299 June 2018Zharnel Hughes9.911995|07|13|2018|06|09}} United KingdomEurope9.91 (2018)[54]
1309 June 2018Noah Lyles9.931997|07|18|2018|06|09}}{{USA}}North America9.88 (2018)
13116 June 2018Arthur Gue Cissé9.941996|12|29|2018|06|16}}CIV}}Africa9.94 (2018)[55]
13219 June 2018Xie Zhenye9.971993|8|17|2018|06|19}}{{CHN}}Asia9.97 (2018)[56]
13322 June 2018Filippo Tortu9.991998|6|15|2018|06|22}}ITA}}Europe9.99 (2018)
1349 July 2018Barakat Al Harthi9.971988|06|15|2018|07|09}}{{OMA}}Asia9.97 (2018)Yes
13521 July 2018Tyquendo Tracey9.961993|06|10|2018|07|21}}{{JAM}}North America9.96 (2018)[57]
1367 August 2018Reece Prescod9.961996|02|29|2018|08|07}}{{GBR}}Europe9.94 (2018)[58]
13722 February 2019Roberto Skyers9.981991|11|12|2019|02|22}}CUB}}North America9.98 (2019)[59]

Notes

  • {{note label|Note1|1|1}} The continental athletic association that governs the country that the athlete competes for internationally.
  • {{note label|Note2|2|2}} The personal career best time achieved by the sprinter.
  • {{note label|Note3|3|3}} Denotes a run achieved at a high altitude.
  • {{note label|Note4|4|4}} Francis Obikwelu now competes for Portugal but he first broke the 10-second barrier while competing for Nigeria.
  • {{note label|Note5|5|5}} Canadian Ben Johnson was the sixth runner to achieve the feat (having recorded multiple finishes under ten seconds), but these runs were rescinded after Johnson admitted to using steroids between 1981 and 1988.
  • {{note label|Note6|6|6}} British sprinter Mark Lewis-Francis recorded a time of 9.97 seconds during the 2001 World Championships quarter-finals on 4 August 2001 (aged {{age in years and days|1982|09|04|2001|08|04}}) but the wind gauge malfunctioned, invalidating the run.
  • {{note label|Note7|7|7}} At the Jamaican national trials in June 2011, Steve Mullings had tested positive for the drug Furosemide, a masking agent. On 22 November the Jamaican Anti-Doping Disciplinary Panel handed him a lifetime ban from athletics.
  • {{note label|Note8|8|8}} Trayvon Bromell had broken the 10-second barrier a total of three times (9.99w, 9.77w, 9.92w) prior to recording 9.97, but all were wind-aided.
  • {{note label|Note9|9|9}} Prior to recording his first legal sub-10 run, Andre De Grasse ran a wind-aided 9.87 on April 18, 2015.
  • {{note label|Note10|10|10}} Jak Ali Harvey was born in Jamaica.
  • {{note label|Note11|11|11}} Ramil Guliyev was born in Azerbaijan.

Totals

{{col-begin|width=100%}}{{col-3}}
By year
YearNo. of new athletes
19681
19771
19832
19841
19881
19892
19913
19923
19931
19941
19952
19961
19975
19982
19994
20003
20024
20036
20041
20055
20063
20074
200810
20094
20104
20116
20123
20136
20145
201512
201610
20179
201811
20191
{{col-3}}
By country
NationNo. of athletes
{{USA}}55
{{JAM}}20
{{GBR}}10
{{NGR}}8
{{TRI}}6
{{RSA}}5
{{CAN}}4
{{FRA}}3
{{GHA}}2
{{ZIM}}2
{{QAT}}2
{{TUR}}2
{{CIV}}2
{{CHN}}2
{{CUB}}2
{{NAM}}1
{{BAR}}1
{{SKN}}1
{{AUS}}1
{{BAH}}1
{{AHO}}1
{{ATG}}1
{{NOR}}1
{{CAY}}1
{{JPN}}1
{{ITA}}1
{{OMA}}1
{{col-break}}{{col-3}}
By continent
ContinentNo. of athletes
Africa20
Asia6
Europe17
Oceania1
North America93
South America0
{{col-end}}

Hand timed marks

The following sprinters all received a hand-timed mark of 9.9 seconds. All the runners held the world record simultaneously. However, the timing may not have been precise.

Sprinters who have broken the 10-second barrier with manual timing
Date first brokenAthleteNationalityNo. of times broken
001|20 June 1968}}Hines|Jim Hines[60]}}{{USA}}2
002|20 June 1968}}Ronnie Ray|Smith}}{{USA}}1
003|20 June 1968}}Charles|Greene|Charles Greene (athlete)}}{{USA}}1
004|21 June 1972}}Steve|Williams|Steve Williams (athlete)}}{{USA}}4
005|1 July 1972}}Eddie|Hart|Eddie Hart (athlete)}}{{USA}}1
006|1 July 1972}}Rey|Robinson}}{{USA}}1
007|5 June 1975}}Silvio|Leonard}}{{CUB}}1
008|3 April 1976}}Harvey|Glance}}{{USA}}2
009|22 May 1976}}Don|Quarrie}}{{JAM}}1

References

General
  • 100 Metres All Time. IAAF (2009-06-02). Retrieved on 2009-06-03.
Specific
1. ^Gardener, Jason. (2008-08-09). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/othersports/olympics/2530774/Jason-Gardener-Im-backing-Tyson-Gay-to-win-one-of-the-greatest-100-metres-finals---Olympics.html Jason Gardener: I'm backing Tyson Gay to win one of the greatest 100 metres finals]. The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved on 2009-06-03.
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|url=http://iaaf-ebooks.s3.amazonaws.com/2015/Progression-of-IAAF-World-Records-2015/index.htm|title=Progression of IAAF World Records|last=Hymans|first=Richard|first2=Imre |last2=Matrahazi|year=2015|pages=22–37|accessdate=17 May 2016}}
3. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fNAvAAAAIBAJ&sjid=WvoDAAAAIBAJ&dq=hayes%209.9%20wind&pg=3929%2C3715463|title=Oerter sets world mark in discus|publisher=Associated Press|date=28 April 1963|work=Lakeland Ledger|pages=2 – D|accessdate=16 August 2013|location=Lakeland, Florida}}
4. ^{{cite journal|last=Drake|first=Dick|date=May 1963|title=ASU, Oerter Break Marks; Yang Scores Brilliant 9,121|journal=Track & Field News|quote=And then there was Bob Hayes who ran the 100 meters faster than any man under any conditions. But it took an 11 mph wind to enable him to run 9.9.|url=http://www.mtsacrelays.com/archives/TFN/1963.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304130019/http://www.mtsacrelays.com/archives/TFN/1963.htm|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2016-03-04}}
5. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/us_sport/1709340.stm|title=Hayes still seriously ill|date=16 December 2001|work=BBC Online|accessdate=16 August 2013}}
6. ^{{cite journal|last=Underwood|first=John|date=1 July 1968|title=Some Old Boys Make A Stand|journal=Sports Illustrated|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1081333/index.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130815004046/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1081333/index.htm|dead-url=yes|archive-date=15 August 2013}}
7. ^1 {{cite news |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101105230053/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,841353,00.html |archivedate=5 November 2010 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,841353,00.html|title=Track & Field: Breaking the Dash Barrier|date=28 June 1968|work=Time|accessdate=15 August 2013}}
8. ^World Championships: A History. Sporting Life. Retrieved on 2009-08-06. [https://www.webcitation.org/5iwEtT7Bi?url=http://www.sportinglife.com/athletics/worldathletics2005/news/story_get.cgi?STORY_NAME%3Dothers/05/07/15/ATHLETICS_World_History.html Archived] 2009-08-10.
9. ^100 metres records. IAAF. Retrieved on 2009-06-18. [https://www.webcitation.org/5hgFu5fLz?url=http://www.iaaf.org/statistics/records/inout%3Do/discType%3D5/disc%3D100/detail.html Archived] 2009-06-20.
10. ^1 Tchechankov, Ivan (2011-06-10). 2011 already a record-breaking year for the men’s 100 metres – Updated. IAAF. Retrieved on 2011-06-11.
11. ^Ramsak, Bob (2016-04-24). Hurdler McLeod makes history as a barrier breaker after 9.99 100m win. IAAF. Retrieved on 2016-04-24.
12. ^1 2 3 US Olympic Trials Men 100 Meter Dash Quarter Finals. USATF (2008-06-28). Retrieved on 2009-06-03.
13. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20130204234447/http://www.iaaf.org/athletes/antigua-barbuda/daniel-bailey]
14. ^Lee, Kirby (2009-06-08). Phillips sails 8.74m in Eugene for best Long Jump in world since 1991 – IAAF World Athletics Tour. IAAF. Retrieved on 2009-06-10.
15. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/gay-powers-back-with-977-in-rome-report-a |title=IAAF: Gay powers back with 9.77 in Rome – REPORT - ÅF Golden League{{!}} News {{!}} iaaf.org |last=Ramsak |first=Bob |date=10 July 2009 |website=iaaf.org |access-date=12 February 2018}}
16. ^{{cite web|last=Norlander |first=Matt |url=http://www.cbssports.com/olympics/blog/eye-on-olympics/19449272/fairly-shocking-usain-bolt-loses-100meter-race |title=Fairly shocking: Bolt loses 100-meter race |publisher=CBSSports |date= |accessdate=2013-07-15}}
17. ^{{cite news|title=Lemaitre – 9.98sec|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/kind=100/newsid=57332.html|author=Pierre Jean Vazel|publisher=IAAF|date=2010-07-09|accessdate=2010-07-10| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20100710225603/http://www.iaaf.org/news/kind=100/newsid=57332.html| archivedate= 10 July 2010 }}
18. ^{{cite web|title=100 Metres 2nd Race Results|url=http://www.diamondleague-zurich.com/en/Results/Overview/100m-Men-2nd-Race/|publisher=www.diamondleague-zurich.com|date=2010-08-19|accessdate=2010-08-19| archiveurl= https://archive.is/20100821004113/http://www.diamondleague-zurich.com/en/Results/Overview/100m-Men-2nd-Race/| archivedate= 21 August 2010 }}
19. ^1 {{cite web|title=Results – 100m Men – Heat 2|url=http://www.rietimeeting.com/info/results/re0010002.html|publisher=www.rietimeeting.com|date=2010-08-29|accessdate=2010-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715185400/http://www.rietimeeting.com/info/results/re0010002.html|archive-date=15 July 2011|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
20. ^{{cite web|title=Ryan Bailey Doping|url=http://olympics.nbcsports.com/2017/12/01/ryan-bailey-doping-ban-olympics/|publisher=www.nbcsports.com|date=2017-12-01|accessdate=2017-12-22}}
21. ^{{cite web|title=100 Metres Dash Results|url=http://www.directathletics.com/results/track/21415_1332413.html|publisher=www.directathletics.com|date=2011-04-16|accessdate=2011-04-18}}
22. ^{{cite web|title=100 Metres Dash Results|url=http://www.flashresults.com/2011_Meets/outdoor/04-21-ACCChamps/Results21-2.htm|publisher=www.flashresults.com|date=2011-04-23|accessdate=2011-04-24}}
23. ^{{cite web|title=Tyson Gay runs world's fastest 100 this year in Central Florida meet|url=http://southflorida.sun-sentinel.com/sports/os-tyson-gay-clermont-9.79-20110604,0,1147327.story|publisher=www.southflorida.sun-sentinel.com|date=2011-06-04|accessdate=2011-06-07| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110725025206/http://southflorida.sun-sentinel.com/sports/os-tyson-gay-clermont-9.79-20110604,0,1147327.story| archivedate= 25 July 2011 }}
24. ^{{cite web|title=Keston Bledman blazes to 9.93|url=http://www.trackalerts.com/news/lead-stories/4650-keston-bledman-blazes-to-993.html|publisher=www.trackalerts.com|date=2011-06-04|accessdate=2011-06-07| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110605174835/http://trackalerts.com/news/lead-stories/4650-keston-bledman-blazes-to-993.html| archivedate= 5 June 2011 }}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://diamondleague.com/Results/Lausanne/re0010040.pdf |format=PDF |date=30 June 2011 |accessdate=30 June 2011 |title=100m Men: Results |work=Samsung Diamond League |publisher=Omega Timing |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325045533/https://diamondleague.com/Results/Lausanne/re0010040.pdf |archivedate=25 March 2012 |df=dmy }}
26. ^{{cite web|title=100m Dash Results|url=http://www.flashresults.com/2012_Meets/outdoor/06-06-NCAADI/Results1-1.htm|publisher=www.flashresults.com|date=6 June 2012|accessdate=7 June 2012}}
27. ^{{cite news|title=Hyman joins sub-10 club in Madrid – IAAF World Challenge|url=http://www.iaaf.org/Mini/IWC12/News/NewsDetail.aspx?id=65616|publisher=IAAF|author=Emeterio Valiente|date=8 July 2012|accessdate=8 July 2012}}
28. ^{{cite news|title=Former Chamberlain athlete Dentarius Locke shows off blazing speed at NCAA meet|url=http://www.baynews9.com/content/news/baynews9/sports/article.html/content/news/articles/bhsn/2013/6/6/former_chamberlain_a.html|publisher=Bright House Sports Network|author=Katherine Smith|date=5 June 2013|accessdate=7 June 2013}}
29. ^{{cite news|title=Magakwe breaks SA record|url=http://www.sport24.co.za/OtherSport/Athletics/South-Africa/Magakwe-breaks-SA-100m-record-20140412|publisher=www.sport24.co.za|date=12 April 2014|accessdate=13 April 2014}}
30. ^{{Cite web |url=http://jamaica-star.com/thestar/20140519/sports/sports2.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=3 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606220337/http://jamaica-star.com/thestar/20140519/sports/sports2.html |archive-date=6 June 2014 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }}
31. ^https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/athletics/27756892
32. ^http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/trayvon-bromell-100m-world-junior-record
33. ^http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/asian-games-day-2-report
34. ^1 {{cite news|title=100m Dash Heat 2 Results|url=http://www.flashresults.com/2015_Meets/Outdoor/06-25_USATF/002-1-02.htm|publisher=flashresults.com|date=25 June 2015|accessdate=26 June 2015}}
35. ^{{cite news|title=100m Dash Heat 4 Results|url=http://www.flashresults.com/2015_Meets/Outdoor/06-25_USATF/002-1-04.htm|publisher=flashresults.com|date=25 June 2015|accessdate=26 June 2015}}
36. ^http://www.sport24.co.za/OtherSport/Athletics/International/sas-van-niekerk-makes-sprint-history-20160312
37. ^{{cite news|title=Hurdler McLeod makes history as a barrier breaker after 9.99 100m win|url=http://www.iaaf.org/news/report/omar-mcleod-100m-110m-hurdles|publisher=IAAF|author=Phil Minshull|date=24 April 2016|accessdate=24 April 2016}}
38. ^{{cite web|title=100m Results|url=http://static.sportresult.com/sports/at/data/2016/rome/re4010041.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=sportresult.com|date=2 June 2016|accessdate=3 June 2016}}
39. ^{{cite web|title=Réunion de Prague: 999 sur 100 m pour Ben Youssef Meité|url=http://www.eurosport.fr/athletisme/reunion-de-prague-9-99-sur-100-m-pour-ben-youssef-meite_sto5638062/story.shtml|date=6 June 2016|accessdate=6 June 2016}}
40. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/latestnews/Jamaican-runs-sub-10-at-NCAA-Championships|title=Another Jamaican Senoj-Jay Givans runs sub-10 seconds – Latest News|website=Jamaica Observer|access-date=2016-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611053353/http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/latestnews/Jamaican-runs-sub-10-at-NCAA-Championships|archive-date=11 June 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
41. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/rio2016/track-field/aaron-brown-canadian-sprinter-sub-10-100m-1.3631178|title=Aaron Brown, Canadian sprinter, runs sub-10 in 100m in Florida|website=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|access-date=2016-06-18}}
42. ^{{cite web|title=2nd International Sprint And Relay Challenge 2016 Results|url=http://www.tilastopaja.org/jukka/db/results2.php?CID=12875331&Season=2016|publisher=tilastopaja.org|date=12 June 2016|accessdate=13 June 2016}}
43. ^{{cite news|title=UKTF Alum Rondel Sorrillo Runs 9.99 in T&T 100m Final to Earn Olympic Place|url=http://www.ukathletics.com/news/uktf-alum-rondel-sorrillo-runs-9-99-in-t-t-100m-final-to-earn-olympic-place-06-25-2016|publisher=ukathletics.com|author=Jake Most|date=26 June 2016|accessdate=26 June 2016}}{{Dead link|date=November 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
44. ^{{cite web|title=GATLIN, BARTOLETTA, COLEMAN FLY ON DAY 3 OF U.S. TRIALS|url=http://www.utsports.com/sports/c-xctrack/spec-rel/070316aab.html|website=utsports.com|publisher=Tennessee Vols Athletics|accessdate=4 July 2016}}
45. ^https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/athletics/36933897
46. ^{{cite news|title=Manyonga smashes African long jump record with 8.62m|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/manyonga-african-long-jump-record-pretoria|publisher=IAAF|author=Ockert de Villiers|date=17 March 2017|accessdate=18 March 2017}}
47. ^{{cite news|title=Mt. SAC Diaries: Clayton Murphy 1:43.60, Ronnie Baker, 9.99, Oregon 4x100, 42.12 CR!|url=http://www.runblogrun.com/2017/04/mt-sac-diaries-clayton-murphy-14360-ronnie-baker-999-oregon-4x100-4212-cr.html|website=runblogrun.com|author=Alfonz Juck|date=16 April 2017|accessdate=17 April 2017}}
48. ^{{cite web|title=Odean Skeen becomes 15th Jamaican man to go under 10:00 secs in 100m|url=http://m.jamaicaobserver.com/mobile/sport/Odean-Skeen-becomes-15th-Jamaican-man-to-go-under-10-00-secs-in-100m_96538|publisher=The Jamaica Observer|author=Paula Reid|date=23 April 2017|accessdate=23 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424000932/http://m.jamaicaobserver.com/mobile/sport/Odean-Skeen-becomes-15th-Jamaican-man-to-go-under-10-00-secs-in-100m_96538|archive-date=24 April 2017|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
49. ^{{cite news|title=Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake becomes first Brit to run sub-10secs 100m and sub-20secs 200m|url=https://www.thesun.co.uk/sport/3559537/nethaneel-mitchell-blake-becomes-first-brit-to-run-sub-10secs-100m-and-sub-20secs-200m/|website=thesun.co.uk|author=Ian Tuckey|date=14 May 2017|accessdate=17 May 2017}}
50. ^1 {{cite web|title=100m Semifinal Results|url=https://www.ncaa.com/sites/default/files/external/track-field/results/d1/outdoor17/final/001-1_compiled.htm|work=ncaa.com|date=7 June 2017|accessdate=8 June 2017}}
51. ^{{cite news|title=Thompson wins Jamaican 100m title with year-best time|url=http://www.marca.com/en/more-sports/2017/06/24/594e3152468aeb33368b4594.html|website=marca.com|date=24 June 2017|accessdate=1 July 2017}}
52. ^{{cite news|title=Guliyev joins exclusive club with 9.97 clocking|url=http://www.european-athletics.org/news/article=guliyev-joins-exclusive-club-with-clocking/index.html|website=european-athletics.org|date=7 July 2017|accessdate=7 July 2017}}
53. ^{{cite news|title=桐生祥秀9秒98! 100mで日本人初の9秒台出た|url=https://www.nikkansports.com/m/sports/athletics/news/amp/1884721.html|website=nikkansports.com|language=Japanese|accessdate=9 September 2017}}
54. ^{{cite news|title=Hughes clocks 9.91 world lead in Kingston while Fraser-Pryce and James impress in comeback races|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/hughes-clocks-991-kingston|publisher=IAAF|author=Noel Francis|date=10 June 2018|accessdate=13 June 2018}}
55. ^{{cite web|title=Bayer Classics 2018 Results|url=https://www.bayerclassics.de/ergebnisse/|website=bayerclassics.de|date=16 June 2018|accessdate=28 June 2018}}
56. ^{{cite news|title=Shubenkov and Duplantis victorious in Montreuil|url=https://www.iaaf.org/news/report/meeting-elite-de-montreuil-2018-shubenkov-dup|publisher=IAAF|author=Jon Mulkeen|date=19 June 2018|accessdate=20 June 2018}}
57. ^{{cite web|title=100m Heat B Results|url=https://static.sportresult.com/sports/at/data/2018/london/re0010002.pdf|work=sportresult.com|date=21 July 2018|accessdate=2 August 2018}}
58. ^{{cite web|title=100m Men Final Results|url=http://www.european-athletics.org/externalmodules/AT/pdf/ATM001101_C73A.pdf|publisher=EAA|date=7 August 2018|accessdate=10 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917143352/http://www.european-athletics.org/externalmodules/AT/pdf/ATM001101_C73A.pdf|archive-date=17 September 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
59. ^{{cite news|title=Roberto Skyers marca 9.98 segundos e iguala récord nacional en los 100 metros|url=https://www.cibercuba.com/noticias/2019-02-23-u186452-e186452-s27066-roberto-skyers-marca-998-segundos-iguala-record-nacional|publisher=cibercuba.com|language=Spanish|date=22 February 2019|accessdate=14 March 2019}}
60. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2008/08/16/sports/olympics/20080816_world_records.html |title=A History of World Records - Interactive Graphic |publisher=NYTimes.com |date=16 August 2008 |accessdate=2008-09-03| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20080902223034/http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2008/08/16/sports/olympics/20080816_world_records.html| archivedate= 2 September 2008 }}

External links

  • [https://www.independent.co.uk/extras/big-question/the-big-question-as-the-100m-world-record-falls-again-how-much-faster-can-humans-run-838899.html "How much faster can humans run?"] article from The Independent
{{records in athletics}}

2 : 100 metres|Athletics (track and field) records
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