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词条 1187 Afra
释义

  1. Orbit

  2. Physical characteristics

  3. Naming

      Unknown meaning  

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 1187 Afra
| background = #D6D6D6
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| discovery_ref =  
| discovered = 6 December 1929
| discoverer = K. Reinmuth
| discovery_site = Heidelberg Obs.
| mpc_name = (1187) Afra
| alt_names = 1929 XC
| named_after = unknown[2]
| mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(middle)}} [3]
| orbit_ref =  
| epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 87.50 yr (31,958 days)
| aphelion = 3.2281 AU
| perihelion = 2.0571 AU
| semimajor = 2.6426 AU
| eccentricity = 0.2215
| period = 4.30 yr (1,569 days)
| mean_anomaly = 182.57°
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2294|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 10.694°
| asc_node = 327.28°
| arg_peri = 74.624°
| dimensions = {{val|24.36|4.14}} km[5]
{{val|27.64|8.39}} km[6]
31.80 km {{small|(derived)}}[3]
{{val|31.83|3.9}} km[8]
{{val|31.96|0.33}} km[9]
{{val|32.15|12.85}} km[10]
{{val|32.348|0.299}} km[11]
{{val|33.309|0.159}} km[12]
| rotation = {{val|14.06993|0.00001}} h[13]
{{val|14.0701|0.0005}} h[14]
{{val|14.09|0.02}} h[15]
| albedo = {{val|0.043|0.023}}[10]
{{val|0.0481|0.0041}}[12]
{{val|0.051|0.007}}[11]
{{val|0.0527|0.016}}[8]
{{val|0.053|0.001}}[9]
{{val|0.06|0.04}}[6]
{{val|0.07|0.02}}[5]
| spectral_type = {{nowrap|SMASS {{=}} X {{·}}P [12]{{·}}X [3]}}
| abs_magnitude = 11.3[8][9][12]{{·}}11.4[3][6]{{·}}11.5[10]{{·}}{{val|11.56|0.27}}[33]{{·}}11.59[5]
}}1187 Afra, provisional designation {{mp|1929 XC}}, is a dark asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 32 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Germany astronomer Karl Reinmuth at Heidelberg Observatory on 6 December 1929.[35]

Orbit

Afra orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.1–3.2 AU once every 4 years and 4 months (1,569 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.22 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg in January 1930, seven weeks after its official discovery observation.[35]

Physical characteristics

The lightcurve of Afra shows a periodicity of {{nowrap|14.09 ± 0.02 hours}}, during which time the brightness of the object varies by {{val|0.40|0.02}} in magnitude.[15]

Naming

It is not known to what person, group of persons, or occurrence the name "Afra" refers to.[2]

Unknown meaning

Among the many thousands of named minor planets, Afra is one of 120 asteroids, for which no official naming citation has been published. All of these low-numbered asteroids have numbers between {{mp|{{MoMP|164|164 Eva}}}} and {{mp|{{MoMP|1514|1514 Ricouxa}}}} and were discovered between 1876 and the 1930s, predominantly by astronomers Auguste Charlois, Johann Palisa, Max Wolf and Karl Reinmuth (also see category).[40]

References

1. ^1 2 {{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1187) Afra |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 100 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1188 |chapter = (1187) Afra }}
2. ^1 {{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Fifth Revised and Enlarged revision |chapter = Appendix 11 – Minor Planet Names with Unknown Meaning |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |pages = 927–929 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |author-link= Lutz D. Schmadel}}
3. ^1 2 {{cite web |title = 1187 Afra (1929 XC) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1187 |accessdate = 16 August 2017}}
4. ^1 {{cite web |title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1187) Afra |last = Behrend |first = Raoul |publisher = Geneva Observatory |url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page3cou.html#001187 |accessdate = 16 August 2017}}
5. ^1 2 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = A. K. |last3 = Mainzer |first4 = C. R. |last4 = Nugent |first5 = J. M. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = R. |last6 = Stevenson |first7 = S. |last7 = Sonnett |date = August 2014 |title = Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014ApJ...791..121M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 791 |issue = 2 |page = 11 |bibcode = 2014ApJ...791..121M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121 |arxiv = 1406.6645 |access-date= 16 August 2017}}
6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (1187) Afra |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=1187%7CAfra |accessdate = 16 August 2017}}
7. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |first1 = E. F. |last1 = Tedesco |first2 = P. V. |last2 = Noah |first3 = M. |last3 = Noah |first4 = S. D. |last4 = Price |date = October 2004 |title = IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0 |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2004PDSS...12.....T |journal = NASA Planetary Data System |volume = 12 |pages = IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0 |bibcode = 2004PDSS...12.....T |access-date= 16 August 2017}}
8. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui |first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda |first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller |first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa |first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro |first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo |first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara |first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza |first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita |first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu |first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno |first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara |first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka |date = October 2011 |title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey |url = http://pasj.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/5/1117.full.pdf+html |journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |volume = 63 |issue = 5 |pages = 1117–1138 |bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U |doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 |access-date= 16 August 2017}}
9. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407 }}
10. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent |first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera |date = November 2012 |title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume = 759 |issue = 1 |page = 5 |bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M |doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 |arxiv = 1209.5794 |access-date= 16 August 2017}}
11. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = J. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = E. |last7 = Kramer |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = R. |last9 = Stevenson |first10 = E. L. |last10 = Wright |date = December 2015 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 814 |issue = 2 |page = 13 |bibcode = 2015ApJ...814..117N |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117 |arxiv = 1509.02522 |access-date= 16 August 2017}}
12. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Bauer |first4 = R. M. |last4 = Cutri |first5 = E. A. |last5 = Kramer |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = J. |last7 = Masiero |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = E. L. |last9 = Wright |date = September 2016 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2016AJ....152...63N |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 152 |issue = 3 |page = 12 |bibcode = 2016AJ....152...63N |doi = 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 |arxiv = 1606.08923 |access-date= 16 August 2017}}
13. ^1 2 {{Cite journal |first1 = John |last1 = Menke |first2 = Walt |last2 = Cooney |first3 = John |last3 = Gross |first4 = Dirk |last4 = Terrell |first5 = David |last5 = Higgins |date = October 2008 |title = Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at Menke Observatory |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2008MPBu...35..155M |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 35 |issue = 4 |pages = 155–160 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2008MPBu...35..155M |access-date= 16 August 2017}}
14. ^1 {{cite journal |first1 = J. |last1 = Durech |first2 = J. |last2 = Hanus |first3 = D. |last3 = Oszkiewicz |first4 = R. |last4 = Vanco |date = March 2016 |title = Asteroid models from the Lowell photometric database |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2016A&A...587A..48D |journal = Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume = 587 |page = 6 |bibcode = 2016A&A...587A..48D |doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201527573 |arxiv = 1601.02909 |access-date= 16 August 2017}}
15. ^1 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |access-date= 16 August 2017}}
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External links

  • Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info)
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
  • Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
  • Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
  • {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator|1186 Turnera|number=1187|1188 Gothlandia}}{{Small Solar System bodies}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Afra}}

6 : Background asteroids|Discoveries by Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth|Minor planets with names of unknown origin|Named minor planets|X-type asteroids (SMASS)|Astronomical objects discovered in 1929
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