| 词条 | 1449 Virtanen |
| 释义 |
| minorplanet = yes | name = 1449 Virtanen | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = | discovered = 20 February 1938 | discoverer = Y. Väisälä | discovery_site = Turku Obs. | mpc_name = (1449) Virtanen | alt_names = 1938 DO{{·}}1928 DC | named_after = Artturi Virtanen {{small|(biochemist)}}[2] | mp_category = main-belt{{·}}Flora [3] | orbit_ref = | epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 89.10 yr (32,543 days) | aphelion = 2.5378 AU | perihelion = 1.9069 AU | semimajor = 2.2223 AU | eccentricity = 0.1419 | period = 3.31 yr (1,210 days) | mean_anomaly = 289.08° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2975|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 6.6413° | asc_node = 110.78° | arg_peri = 132.16° | dimensions = {{val|9.15|1.91}} km[5] {{val|9.263|0.098}} km[6] {{val|9.46|0.33}} km[7] {{val|9.947|0.092}} km[8] 10.31 km {{small|(calculated)}}[3] | rotation = {{val|14.770|0.440}} h {{small|(R)}}[10] {{val|30.495|0.005}} h[11] {{val|30.5|0.5}} h[12] {{val|30.5005|0.0005}} h[13] {{val|30.5006|0.0001}} h[14] {{val|30.52|0.01}} h[12] {{val|30.5421|0.7655}} h {{small|(R)}}[16] {{val|30.5465|0.3727}} h {{small|(S)}}[16] | albedo = 0.24 {{small|(assumed)}}[3] {{val|0.285|0.038}}[7] {{val|0.2856|0.0274}}[8] {{val|0.36|0.15}}[5] | spectral_type = Tholen = S {{·}}S [3] | abs_magnitude = {{val|11.690|0.150}} {{small|(R)}}[10]{{·}}{{val|11.779|0.003}} {{small|(R)}}[16]{{·}}12.0[8]{{·}}12.1[3][7]{{·}}12.25[5]{{·}}{{val|12.615|0.004}} {{small|(S)}}[16]{{·}}{{val|13.21|0.09}}[32] }} 1449 Virtanen, provisional designation {{mp|1938 DO}}, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 9.2 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 20 February 1938, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland,[33] and named for Finnish biochemist Artturi Virtanen.[2] DescriptionVirtanen is a member of the Flora family, one of the largest collisional populations of stony asteroids in the main-belt. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.9–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,210 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.14 and an inclination of 7° with respect to the ecliptic. In 1928, Virtanen was first identified as {{mp|1928 DC}} at Heidelberg, extending the body's observation arc by 10 years prior to its official discovery at Turku.[33]Physical characteristicsIn the Tholen taxonomy, Virtanen is classified as a common S-type asteroid. LightcurvesVirtanen{{'}}s first rotational lightcurve was obtained by astronomers Pierre Antonini and Silvano Casulli in May 2007, followed by Australian astronomer Julian Oey at Leura ({{small|E17}}) and Kingsgrove Observatory ({{small|E19}}) in June 2008. The lightcurves gave a rotation period of approximately 30.5 hours with a brightness variation of 0.6 magnitude ({{small|U=2-/3-/3-}}).[11][12]Additional periods were obtained from photometric observation in the R and S-band at the Palomar Transient Factory ({{small|U=2/2/2}}),[10][16] and from modeled data using the Lowell photometric database and other data sources, which also gave two spin axis of (307.0°, 58.0°) and (89.0°, 61.0°) in ecliptic coordinates, respectively ({{small|U=n.a.}}).[13][14] Diameter and albedoAccording to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Virtanen measures between 9.15 and 9.947 kilometers in diameter, and its surface has an albedo between 0.285 and 0.36.[5][6][7][8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the largest member and namesake of its family – and calculates a diameter of 10.31 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.1.[3] NamingThis minor planet was named for famous Finnish biochemist Artturi Virtanen (1895–1973), recipient of the 1945 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and president of the Academy of Finland for many years.[2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center before November 1977 ({{small|M.P.C. 3023}}).[50] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1449) Virtanen |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 116 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1450 |chapter = (1449) Virtanen }} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]2. ^1 2 {{cite web |title = 1449 Virtanen (1938 DO) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1449 |accessdate = 4 January 2017}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |accessdate = 4 January 2017}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1449) Virtanen |last = Behrend |first = Raoul |publisher = Geneva Observatory |url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001449 |accessdate = 4 January 2017}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = A. K. |last3 = Mainzer |first4 = C. R. |last4 = Nugent |first5 = J. M. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = R. |last6 = Stevenson |first7 = S. |last7 = Sonnett |date = August 2014 |title = Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014ApJ...791..121M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 791 |issue = 2 |page = 11 |bibcode = 2014ApJ...791..121M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121 |arxiv = 1406.6645 |access-date= 4 January 2017}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (1449) Virtanen |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=1449%7CVirtanen |accessdate = 4 January 2017}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. 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6 : Flora asteroids|Discoveries by Yrjö Väisälä|Minor planets named for people|Named minor planets|S-type asteroids (Tholen)|Astronomical objects discovered in 1938 |
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