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词条 14627 Emilkowalski
释义

  1. Orbit and classification

      Emilkowalski family  

  2. Physical characteristics

      Rotation period    Diameter and albedo  

  3. Naming

  4. Notes

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 14627 Emilkowalski
| background = #D6D6D6
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| discovery_ref =  
| discovered = 7 November 1998
| discoverer = R. A. Kowalski
| discovery_site = Quail Hollow Obs. {{small|(761)}}
| mpc_name = (14627) Emilkowalski
| alt_names = 1998 VA
| named_after = Emil Kowalski
{{small|(discoverer's family)}}[2]
| mp_category = main-belt{{·}}{{small|(middle)}}
Emilkowalski [3]{{rp|24}}
| orbit_ref =  
| epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 62.93 yr (22,985 days)
| aphelion = 2.9885 AU
| perihelion = 2.2112 AU
| semimajor = 2.5998 AU
| eccentricity = 0.1495
| period = 4.19 yr (1,531 days)
| mean_anomaly = 151.54°
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2351|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 17.751°
| asc_node = 41.443°
| arg_peri = 44.474°
| dimensions = {{val|6.98|2.55}} km[5]
{{val|7.105|0.106}} km[6][7]
{{val|7.84|2.33}} km[8]
10.61 km {{small|(calculated)}}[9]
| rotation = {{val|11.131|0.005}}h{{efn|name=lcdb-Pravec}}
{{val|11.131}} h[10]
| albedo = 0.057 {{small|(assumed)}}[9]
{{val|0.09|0.10}}[8]
{{val|0.120|0.108}}[5]
{{val|0.201|0.017}}[6][7]
| spectral_type = C [9]{{·}}DL [17]{{·}}S [3]
| abs_magnitude = 13.1[6]{{·}}13.38 {{small|(R)}}[10]{{·}}13.6[9]{{·}}13.7[5]{{·}}13.85[8]{{·}}{{val|14.19|0.75}}[17]
}}14627 Emilkowalski, provisional designation {{mp|1998 VA}}, is a stony asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 7 November 1998, by American astronomer Richard Kowalski at the Quail Hollow Observatory ({{small|761}}) in Zephyrhills, Florida, United States.[26] The asteroid is the namesake of the recently formed Emilkowalski family of asteroids.[3] It was named after Emil Kowalski, mentor of the discoverer.[2]

Orbit and classification

Emilkowalski orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.2–3.0 AU once every 4 years and 2 months (1,531 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.15 and an inclination of 18° with respect to the ecliptic.

The first unused observation at Palomar Observatory (DSS) dates back to 1953. The first used precovery was taken at Siding Spring Observatory in 1975, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 23 years prior to its discovery.[26]

Emilkowalski family

Emilkowalski is the biggest member and namesake of a collisional group of asteroids, that resulted from the destruction of a larger parent body. The disruption happened approximately 220,000 years ago and it is one of the most recent asteroid breakups discovered in the main belt.[10][32] The recently formed stony Emilkowalski family (family identification number: 523) consist of only 4 identified members.[3]{{rp|8,24}} The other members are {{LoMP|126761|{{mp|(126761) 2002 DW|10}}}}, {{LoMP|224559|{{mp|(224559) 2005 WU|178}}}} and {{LoMP|256124|{{mp|(256124) 2006 UK|337}}}}.[34]

Physical characteristics

Emilkowalski has been characterized as a rare DL-type by Pan-STARRS photometric survey.[17] It has also been assigned a taxonomic type of a darker carbonaceous and a common stony asteroid, respectively.[9][3]{{rp|24}}

Rotation period

Between January and March 2012, photometric observations for this asteroid were made by a team led by Petr Pravec at Ondřejov Observatory, Czech Republic. The three obtained rotational lightcurves gave an identical period of {{val|11.131}} hours with a brightness variation of 0.55, 0.64 and 0.65 in magnitude, respectively ({{small|U=3/2+/3-}}).{{efn|name=lcdb-Pravec}} Previously, in 2008, a lightcurve was obtained from observations at the Simeiz Observatory and the Chuguev Observing Station ({{small|121}}) in Ukraine, as well as at Maidanak Observatory in Uzbekistan. It also gave a period of 11.131 hours with an amplitude of 0.85 in magnitude, which implies an elongated shape ({{small|U=n.a.}}).[10]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Emilkowalski measures between 6.98 and 7.84 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.09 and 0.201.[5][6][7][8]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for carbonaceous asteroids of 0.057 and hence calculates a larger diameter of 10.6 kilometers.[9]

Naming

This minor planet is named after American Emil Kowalski (1918–1994) from Syosset, New York, who inspired the discoverer of space science when he was still a child.[2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 4 August 2001 ({{small|M.P.C. 43192}}).[45]

Notes

{{notelist|refs={{efn|name=lcdb-Pravec|1=Pravec (2012) web: 3 rotational light-curves constructed in January, February and March 2012, gave a rotation period {{val|11.131}} hours (for all three lightcurves) with a brightness amplitude of {{val|0.55}}, 0.64 and 0.66 in magnitude, respectively. Summary figures for (14627) Emilkowalski at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) and at Ondrejov Asteroid Photometry Project}}

}}

References

1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (14627) Emilkowalski |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 815 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_9030 |chapter = (14627) Emilkowalski }}
2. ^1 2 {{cite web |title = 14627 Emilkowalski (1998 VA) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=14627 |accessdate = 6 April 2016}}
3. ^1 {{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |accessdate = 20 May 2016}}
4. ^1 {{cite journal |first1 = D. |last1 = Nesvorný |first2 = D. |last2 = Vokrouhlický |date = November 2006 |title = New Candidates for Recent Asteroid Breakups |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2006AJ....132.1950N |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 132 |issue = 5 |pages = 1950–1958 |bibcode = 2006AJ....132.1950N |doi = 10.1086/507989 |access-date= 6 April 2016|citeseerx= 10.1.1.693.3963 }}
5. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite book |first1 = D. |last1 = Nesvorný |first2 = M. |last2 = Broz |first3 = V. |last3 = Carruba |date = December 2014 |title = Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families |journal = Asteroids IV |pages = 297–321 |bibcode = 2015aste.book..297N |doi = 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016 |arxiv = 1502.01628 |isbn = 9780816532131 }}
6. ^1 {{Cite journal |first1 = M. |last1 = Broz |first2 = A. |last2 = Morbidelli |first3 = W. F. |last3 = Bottke |first4 = J. |last4 = Rozehnal |first5 = D. |last5 = Vokrouhlický |first6 = D. |last6 = Nesvorný |date = March 2013 |title = Constraining the cometary flux through the asteroid belt during the late heavy bombardment |journal = Astronomy and Astrophysics |volume = 551 |page = 16 |bibcode = 2013A&A...551A.117B |doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201219296 |arxiv = 1301.6221 }}
7. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite conference |author = Krugly |display-authors=etal |date = May 2008 |title = Photometry of asteroids: detection of the YORP effect |conference = The Solar System Bodies: from Optics to Geology |conferenceurl= http://www.astron.kharkov.ua/conference/ssb/08/index.php |publisher = Astronomical Institute of Kharkiv |location = Kharkiv, Ukraine |url = http://www.astron.kharkov.ua/conference/ssb/08/abstracts/SSB08-Krugly.pdf |format = PDF |accessdate = 7 December 2008}}
8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (14627) Emilkowalski |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=14627%7CEmilkowalski |accessdate = 25 June 2017}}
9. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent |first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera |date = November 2012 |title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume = 759 |issue = 1 |page = 5 |bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M |doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 |arxiv = 1209.5794 |access-date= 20 May 2016}}
10. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...90M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407 |access-date= 20 May 2016}}
11. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |access-date= 20 May 2016}}
12. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T., IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 |access-date= 3 December 2016}}
13. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Bauer |first4 = R. M. |last4 = Cutri |first5 = E. A. |last5 = Kramer |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = J. |last7 = Masiero |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = E. L. |last9 = Wright |date = September 2016 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2016AJ....152...63N |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 152 |issue = 3 |page = 12 |bibcode = 2016AJ....152...63N |doi = 10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 |arxiv = 1606.08923 |accessdate = 25 June 2017}}
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]

}}

External links

  • Maidanak astronomical observatory (MAO), of the Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute (UBAI), Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences
  • Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info)
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
  • Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
  • Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (10001)-(15000) – Minor Planet Center
  • {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator| |number=14627| }}{{Small Solar System bodies}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Emilkowalski}}

6 : Emilkowalski asteroids|Gersuind asteroids|Discoveries by Richard Kowalski|Minor planets named for people|Named minor planets|Astronomical objects discovered in 1998
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