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词条 1810 and 1811 United States Senate elections
释义

  1. Change in Senate composition

      Before the elections    Result of the general elections  

  2. Race summaries

      Special elections during the 11th Congress    Races leading to the 12th Congress    Special elections during the 12th Congress  

  3. See also

  4. Notes

  5. References

  6. External links

{{For|related races|United States elections, 1810}}{{Infobox election
| election_name = United States Senate elections, 1810 and 1811
| country = United States
| flag_year = 1795
| type = legislative
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = United States Senate elections, 1808 and 1809
| previous_year = 1808/09
| next_election = United States Senate elections, 1812 and 1813
| next_year = 1812/13
| seats_for_election = 11 of the 34 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
| majority_seats = 18
| election_date = Dates vary by state
| image_size = 100px
| 1blank = Seats up
| 2blank = Races won
| image1 =
| party1 = Democratic-Republican Party
| seats_before1 = 26
| seats_after1 = 26
| seat_change1 = {{steady}}
| 1data1 = 8
| 2data1 = 8
| image2 =
| party2 = Federalist Party
| seats_before2 = 8
| seats_after2 = 7
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 1
| 1data2 = 2
| 2data2 = 1
| title = Majority party
| before_election = Democratic-Republican
| after_election = Democratic-Republican
}}

The United States Senate elections of 1810 and 1811 were elections that had the Democratic-Republican Party maintain their majority the United States Senate. The minority Federalists had gone into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (8 out of 34, or 23.5%) that they had won all of the elections, they would still not have controlled a majority.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

Composition after June 1810 special election in New Hampshire.

DR{{Sub|7}}DR{{Sub|6}}DR{{Sub|5}}DR{{Sub|4}}DR{{Sub|3}}DR{{Sub|2}}DR{{Sub|1}}
DR{{Sub|8}}DR{{Sub|9}}DR{{Sub|10}}DR{{Sub|11}}DR{{Sub|12}}DR{{Sub|13}}DR{{Sub|14}}DR{{Sub|15}}DR{{Sub|16}}DR{{Sub|17}}
Majority →DR{{Sub|18}}
{{Small|Retired}}
F{{Sub|8}}
{{Small|Ran}}		DR{{Sub|26}}
{{Small|Ran}}		DR{{Sub|25}}
{{Small|Ran}}		DR{{Sub|24}}
{{Small|Ran}}		DR{{Sub|23}}
{{Small|Ran}}		DR{{Sub|22}}
{{Small|Ran}}		DR{{Sub|21}}
{{Small|Ran}}		DR{{Sub|20}}
{{Small|Unknown}}		DR{{Sub|19}}
{{Small|Retired}}
F{{Sub|7}}
{{Small|Ran}}		F{{Sub|6}}F{{Sub|5}}F{{Sub|4}}F{{Sub|3}}F{{Sub|2}}F{{Sub|1}}

Result of the general elections

DR{{Sub|7}}DR{{Sub|6}}DR{{Sub|5}}DR{{Sub|4}}DR{{Sub|3}}DR{{Sub|2}}DR{{Sub|1}}
DR{{Sub|8}}DR{{Sub|9}}DR{{Sub|10}}DR{{Sub|11}}DR{{Sub|12}}DR{{Sub|13}}DR{{Sub|14}}DR{{Sub|15}}DR{{Sub|16}}DR{{Sub|17}}
Majority →DR{{Sub|18}}
{{Small|Hold}}
V{{Sub|1}}
{{Small|F Loss}}		DR{{Sub|26}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}		DR{{Sub|25}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}		DR{{Sub|24}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}		DR{{Sub|23}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}		DR{{Sub|22}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}		DR{{Sub|21}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}		DR{{Sub|20}}
{{Small|Hold}}		DR{{Sub|19}}
{{Small|Hold}}
F{{Sub|7}}
{{Small|Re-elected}}		F{{Sub|6}}F{{Sub|5}}F{{Sub|4}}F{{Sub|3}}F{{Sub|2}}F{{Sub|1}}
Key:
DR{{Sub|#}} Democratic-Republican
F{{Sub|#}} Federalist
V{{Sub|#}} Vacant

Race summaries

Except if/when noted, number following candidates is whole number votes.

Special elections during the 11th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1810 or before March 4, 1811; ordered by election date.

StateIncumbentResultsCandidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Delaware
(Class 1)		 Samuel WhiteFederalist(Appointed)}}
1796{{Small| (Special)}}
1803
1809		Incumbent died November 4, 1809.
New senator elected January 12, 1810.
Federalist hold.		√ Outerbridge Horsey (Federalist) 27
Blank 1[1]
New Hampshire
(Class 3)		 Nahum ParkerDemocratic-Republican 1807Incumbent resigned June 1, 1810.
New senator elected June 21, 1810.
Federalist gain.		√ Charles Cutts (Federalist[2]) 99
Thomas W. Thompson (Federalist) 73
Jedediah K. Smith (Democratic-Republican) 4
Oliver Peabody (Federalist) 2
Isaac Hill (Democratic-Republican) 1
Nay 5[3]
Connecticut
(Class 1)		 James HillhouseFederalist(Special)}}
1797
1803
1809		Incumbent resigned June 10, 1810.
New senator elected December 4, 1810.
Federalist hold.		√ Samuel W. Dana (Federalist) 137
Asa Spalding 19[4]
Ohio
(Class 1)		 Return J. Meigs, Jr.Democratic-Republican(Special)}}
1808		Incumbent resigned December 8, 1810 to become Governor of Ohio.
New senator elected December 15, 1810 on the sixth ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.		√ Thomas Worthington (Democratic-Republican) 35
Samuel Huntington 31
James Pritchard 2
George Tod Eliminated
John Bigger Eliminated
Thomas Kirker Eliminated
Thomas Morris Eliminated
James Caldwell Eliminated[5][6]
South Carolina
(Class 2)		 Thomas SumterDemocratic-Republican(Special)}}
1809		Incumbent resigned December 16, 1810.
New senator elected December 18, 1810 on the third ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner also elected to the next term, see below.		√ John Taylor (Democratic-Republican) 83
Joseph Alston 74[7]

Races leading to the 12th Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1811 (except where noted due to late election); ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

StateIncumbentResultsCandidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Delaware James A. BayardFederalist(Special)}}
1805		 Incumbent re-elected January 8, 1811.√ James A. Bayard (Federalist) 17
James Tilton (Democratic-Republican) 9[8]
Georgia William H. CrawfordDemocratic-Republican(Special)}} Incumbent re-elected in 1810 or 1811.√ William H. Crawford (Democratic-Republican)
{{dm}}
Kentucky Henry ClayDemocratic-Republican(Appointed)}}Appointee retired to run for U.S. House of Representatives.
New senator elected January 8, 1811.
Democratic-Republican hold.		√ George M. Bibb (Democratic-Republican) 77
Christopher Greenup 20
Matthew Lyon no[9]
Massachusetts Timothy PickeringFederalist(Special)}}
1805		Incumbent lost re-election.
Legislature failed to elect due to partisan deadlock in the Massachusetts Senate.
Federalist loss.		 Timothy Pickering (Federalist)
Joseph B. Varnum (Democratic-Republican)
William King
Richard Cutts
Perez Morton
Josiah Quincy (Federalist)
Joseph Sprague[10][11]
New Hampshire Nicholas GilmanDemocratic-Republican 1804 Incumbent re-elected June 21, 1810 on the fourth ballot.√ Nicholas Gilman (Democratic-Republican)
Jedediah K. Smith (Democratic-Republican) 78
Charles Cutts (Democratic-Republican[2]) 1
Oliver Peabody (Federalist) 1
Nay 1[12]
New Jersey John ConditDemocratic-Republican(Appointed)}}
1803{{Small| (Special)}}
1809{{Small| (Lost)}}
1809{{Small| (Appointed)}}
1809{{Small| (Special)}}		 Incumbent re-elected November 5, 1810.√ John Condit (Democratic-Republican) Unopposed[13]
North Carolina James TurnerDemocratic-Republican 1804 Incumbent re-elected November 26, 1810 on the third vote.√ James Turner (Democratic-Republican) 106
David Stone 83
Blank 1
Benjamin Smith Eliminated
Thomas Davis Eliminated[14]
Rhode Island Elisha MathewsonDemocratic-Republican(Special)}}Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
New senator elected November 2, 1810.
Democratic-Republican hold.		√ Jeremiah B. Howell (Democratic-Republican) 42
James Burrill Jr. 41[15]
South Carolina Thomas SumterDemocratic-Republican(Special)}}
1809		Incumbent resigned December 16, 1810.
New senator elected December 18, 1810 on the third ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner also elected to finish the current term, see above.		√ John Taylor (Democratic-Republican) 83
Joseph Alston 74[7]
Tennessee Jenkin WhitesideDemocratic-Republican(Special)}} Incumbent re-elected early October 28, 1809.√ Jenkin Whiteside (Democratic-Republican) 39
Unopposed[16]
Virginia William B. GilesDemocratic-Republican(Appointed)}}
1804{{Small| (Special)}}
1804		 Incumbent re-elected January 2, 1811.√ William B. Giles (Democratic-Republican) 123
Scattering 15[17]

Special elections during the 12th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated in 1811 after March 4; ordered by election date.

StateIncumbentResultsCandidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Massachusetts
(Class 2)		VacantLegislature had failed to elect, see above.
New senator elected late June 6, 1811 on the second ballot.
Democratic-Republican gain.		√ Joseph Varnum (Democratic-Republican) 341
Timothy Pickering (Federalist) 267[18]
Tennessee
(Class 2)		 Jenkin WhitesideDemocratic-Republican(Special)}}Incumbent resigned October 8, 1811.
New senator elected October 1, 1811.
Democratic-Republican hold.		√ George W. Campbell (Democratic-Republican) 38
Unopposed[19]
Rhode Island
(Class 1)		 Christopher G. ChamplinFederalist(Special)}}Incumbent resigned October 12, 1811.
New senator elected October 28, 1811.
Federalist hold.		√ William Hunter (Federalist) Unanimous[20]

See also

  • United States elections, 1810
    • United States House of Representatives elections, 1810 and 1811
  • 11th United States Congress
  • 12th United States Congress

Notes

1. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 25, 2018 | title= Delaware 1810 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:de.ussenator.1810}}, citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1810. 26.
2. ^1 Charles Cutts (NH) has conflicting accounts of whether he was a Democratic-Republican or a Federalist.
3. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 25, 2018 | title= New Hampshire 1810 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nh.ussenator2.1810}}, citing Concord Gazette (Concord, NH). June 26, 1810.
4. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 26, 2018 | title= Connecticut 1810 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ct.ussenator.1810}}, citing Connecticut Mirror (Hartford, CT). June 4, 1810.
5. ^{{cite book | title = Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes nad Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents | last1 = Taylor | first1 = William A.| year = 1900 | publisher = The XX. Century Publishing Co. | location= Columbus, Ohio | ref = {{sfnRef | Taylor}} | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ZLITAAAAYAAJ | via= Google Books}}
6. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 26, 2018 | title= Ohio 1810 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 6 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:oh.ussenate.ballot6.1810}}, citing Muskingum Messenger (Zanesville, OH). December 8, 1810. Liberty Hall (Cincinnati, OH). December 24, 1810. The Western Spy (Cincinnati, OH). December 29, 1810. Taylor, William A. Ohio Statesmen and Annals of Progress: From the year 1788 to the year 1900. Columbus, OH: Press of the Westbote, 1899. 68.
7. ^1 {{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 29, 2018 | title= South Carolina 1810 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 3 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:sc.ussenate.third.1810}}, citing The Spirit of 'Seventy-Six (Washington, DC). January 1, 1811.
8. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 25, 2018 | title= Delaware 1811 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:de.ussenator.1811}}, citing American Watchman; and Delaware Republican (Wilmington, DE). January 12, 1811.
9. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 29, 2018 | title= Kentucky 1811 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ky.ussenate.1811}}, citing The Reporter (Lexington, KY). January 12, 1811.
10. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 29, 2018 | title= Massachusetts 1810 U.S. Senate, House of Representatives Vote | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ma.ussenate.housevote.1810}}, citing Columbian Centinel. Massachusetts Federalist (Boston, MA). June 9, 1810.
11. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 29, 2018 | title= Massachusetts 1810 U.S. Senate, State Senate Vote, Ballot 4 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ma.ussenate.senatevote4.1810}}, citing Columbian Centinel. Massachusetts Federalist (Boston, MA). June 16, 1810.
12. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 25, 2018 | title= New Hampshire 1810 U.S. Senate, Ballot 4 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nh.ussenator1d.1810}}, citing Concord Gazette (Concord, NH). June 26, 1810. Farmer's Museum (Walpole, NH). July 2, 1810.
13. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= February 22, 2018 | title= New Jersey 1810 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nj.ussenate.1810}}, citing The True American and Commercial Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). November 9, 1810.
14. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= February 22, 2018 | title= North Carolina 1810 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenator3.1810}}, citing The True Republican, and Newbern Weekly Advertiser (New Bern, NC). December 5, 1810.
15. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= February 19, 2018 | title= Rhode Island 1810 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ri.ussenator.1810}}, citing The Columbian Phenix (Providence, RI). November 3, 1810.
16. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 29, 2018 | title= Tennessee 1809 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:tn.ussenate.Oct.1809}}, citing Journal of the Tennessee House of Representatives, 1809. 115.
17. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= February 22, 2018 | title= Virginia 1811 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:va.ussenate.a.1811}}, citing Independent American (Georgetown, DC). January 8, 1811.
18. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 29, 2018 | title= Massachusetts 1811 U.S. Senate, State Senate Vote, Ballot 2 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ma.ussenate.senatevote2.1811}}, citing American Watchman; and Delaware Republican (Wilmington, DE). June 15, 1811. Norfolk Gazette and Publick Ledger (Norfolk, VA). June 17, 1811. Republican Star or Eastern Shore General Advertiser (Easton, MD). June 18, 1811.
19. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= January 29, 2018 | title= Tennessee 1811 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:tn.ussenate.special.1811}}, citing Wilson's Knoxville Gazette (Knoxville, TN). October 7, 1811.
20. ^{{cite web | publisher= Tufts University | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | accessdate= February 19, 2018 | title= Rhode Island 1811 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ri.ussenator.1811}}, citing The True American and Commercial Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). November 8, 1811.

References

{{reflist}}

External links

  • [https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/one_item_and_teasers/partydiv.htm Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present], via Senate.gov
{{United States Senate elections}}

2 : 1810 United States Senate elections|1811 United States Senate elections
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