释义 |
- Results summary
- Change in Senate composition Before the elections Beginning of the next Congress
- Race summaries Special elections during the preceding Congress Races leading to the next Congress Special elections during the next Congress
- See also
- References
{{For|related races|United States elections, 1820}}{{Infobox election | election_name = United States Senate elections, 1820 and 1821 | country = United States | flag_year = 1820 | type = legislative | ongoing = no | previous_election = United States Senate elections, 1818 and 1819 | previous_year = 1818/19 | next_election = United States Senate elections, 1822 and 1823 | next_year = 1822/23 | seats_for_election = 15 of the 46 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) | majority_seats = 24 | election_date = Dates vary by state | image_size = 100px | 1blank = Seats up | image1 = | party1 = Democratic-Republican Party | last_election1 = 30 seats | seats_before1 = 33 | seats1 = 11 | seats_after1 = 39 | seat_change1 = {{increase}} 1 | 1data1 = 10 | image2 = | party2 = Federalist Party | last_election2 = 9 seats | seats_before2 = 9 | seats2 = 1 | seats_after2 = 4 | seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 4 | 1data2 = 5 | title = Majority party | before_election = Democratic-Republican | after_election = Democratic-Republican }}The United States Senate elections of 1820 and 1821 were elections for the United States Senate that, corresponding with James Monroe's landslide re-election, had the Democratic-Republican Party gain seven seats, assuming almost complete control of the Senate. As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by State legislatures. Results summary Senate Party Division, 17th Congress (1821–1823) - Majority Party: Democratic-Republican (39–43)
- Minority Party: Federalist (4)
- Vacant: (3–1)
- Total Seats: 46–48
Change in Senate composition Before the elections Composition after the June 13 & 14, 1820 elections in Maine. | DR1 | DR2 | DR3 | DR13 | DR12 | DR11 | DR10 | DR9 | DR8 | DR7 | DR6 | DR5 | DR4 | DR14 | DR15 | DR16 | DR17 | DR18 | DR19 | DR20 | DR21 | DR22 | DR23 | Majority → | DR24 | DR31 Ran | DR30 Ran | DR29 Ran | DR28 Ran | DR27 Ran | V1* | V2* | DR26 | DR25 |
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DR32 Ran | DR33 Unknown | DR34 Unknown | DR35 Retired | F9 Retired | F8 Retired | F7 Unknown | F6 Ran | F5 Ran | F4 |
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| F1 | F2 | F3 |
Notes:- V1 (Mississippi seat): Incumbent Democratic-Republican had resigned May 15, 1820. A Democratic-Republican successor would be elected August 30, 1820 to finish the term and would also be elected to the next term.
- V2 (Kentucky class 3 seat): Democratic-Republican Senator had resigned May 28, 1820. A Democratic-Republican successor would be elected October 19, 1820.
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Beginning of the next Congress | DR1 | DR2 | DR3 | DR13 | DR12 | DR11 | DR10 | DR9 | DR8 | DR7 | DR6 | DR5 | DR4 | DR14 | DR15 | DR16 | DR17 | DR18 | DR19 | DR20 | DR21 | DR22 | DR23 | Majority → | DR24 | DR33 Hold | DR32 Re-elected | DR31 Re-elected | DR30 Re-elected | DR29 Re-elected | DR28 Re-elected | DR27 | DR26 | DR25 |
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DR34 Hold | DR35 Hold | DR36 Gain | DR37 Gain | DR38 Gain | DR39* Gain | V1* | V2* | V3* | F4 Re-elected |
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| F1 | F2 | F3 |
Notes:- DR39 (Rhode Island class 2 seat): Federalist Senator died December 25, 1820, after the elections. A Democratic-Republican successor was elected January 9, 1821.
- V1 (Delaware seat): Incumbent Federalist retired and a replacement wasn't elected until late in 1822.
- V2 (Pennsylvania seat): Legislature failed to elect and a replacement wasn't elected until late in 1821.
- V3 (Tennessee seat): Incumbent Democratic-Republican was re-elected, but not until September 1821. That was after the next Congress started, but before the Senate first convened.
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Key:DR# | Democratic-Republican | F# | Federalist | V# | Vacant |
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Race summaries Bold states link to specific election articles. Special elections during the preceding Congress In these special elections, the winner was elected during 1820 or before March 4, 1821; ordered by election date. State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates |
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Senator | Party | Electoral history |
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New York Class 3 | Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect in 1818/1819. Previous incumbent was elected January 8, 1820. Federalist gain. | √ Rufus King (Federalist) Unanimous | Massachusetts Class 1 | Prentiss Mellen | Federalist | 1820 (Special) | Incumbent resigned to become Chief Justice of Maine. Winner elected June 12, 1820. Winner was also elected to the next term. Federalist hold. | √ Elijah H. Mills (Federalist) {{dm}} | Maine Class 1 | New state | Winner elected June 13, 1820. Winner was also elected to the next term. Democratic-Republican gain. | √ John Holmes (Federalist) {{dm}} | Maine Class 2 | New state | Winner elected June 14, 1820. Democratic-Republican gain. | √ John Chandler (Federalist) {{dm}} | Mississippi Class 1 | Walter Leake | Democratic- Republican | 1817 | Incumbent resigned May 15, 1820. Winner elected August 30, 1820. Winner was also elected to the next term. Democratic-Republican hold. | √ David Holmes (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Kentucky Class 3 | William Logan | Democratic- Republican | 1818 or 1819 | Incumbent resigned May 28, 1820 to run for Governor of Kentucky. Winner elected October 19, 1820. Democratic-Republican hold. | √ Isham Talbot (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Rhode Island Class 2 | James Burrill, Jr. | Federalist | 1816 or 1817 | Incumbent died December 25, 1820. Winner elected January 9, 1821. Democratic-Republican gain. | √ Nehemiah R. Knight (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} |
Races leading to the next Congress In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1821; ordered by state. All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats. State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates |
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Senator | Party | Electoral history |
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Connecticut | Samuel Dana | Federalist | 1810 (Special) 1814 | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected March 4, 1821. Democratic-Republican gain. | √ Elijah Boardman (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Delaware | Outerbridge Horsey | Federalist | 1810 (Special) 1815 | Incumbent retired. Legislature failed to elect. Federalist loss. A Democratic-Republican was later elected in 1822. | {{dm}} | Indiana | James Noble | Democratic- Republican | 1816 | Incumbent re-elected in 1821. | √ James Noble (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Maine | John Holmes | Democratic- Republican | 1820 | Incumbent re-elected in 1820. | √ John Holmes (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Maryland | William Pinkney | Democratic- Republican | 1819 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1820 or 1821. | √ William Pinkney (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Massachusetts | Elijah H. Mills | Federalist | 1820 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1820.[1] | √ Elijah H. Mills (Federalist) {{dm}} | Mississippi | David Holmes | Democratic- Republican | 1820 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1820 or 1821. | √ David Holmes (Federalist) {{dm}} | New Jersey | James J. Wilson | Democratic- Republican | 1814 or 1815 | Incumbent lost re-election, then resigned January 8, 1821. New senator elected November 11, 1820.[2] Democratic-Republican hold. | √ Samuel L. Southard (Democratic-Republican) 30[2] James J. Wilson (Democratic-Republican) 24[2] | New York | Nathan Sanford | Democratic- Republican | 1809 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected February 6, 1821. Democratic-Republican hold. | √ Martin Van Buren (Democratic-Republican) Nathan Sanford (Democratic-Republican) | Ohio | Benjamin Ruggles | Democratic- Republican | 1815 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1821. Democratic-Republican hold. | √ Benjamin Ruggles (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Pennsylvania | Jonathan Roberts | Democratic- Republican | 1814 (Special) 1814 | Legislature failed to elect. Democratic-Republican loss. New senator would later be elected in 1821. | {{dm}} | Rhode Island | William Hunter | Federalist | 1811 (Special) 1814 | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New senator elected in 1820 or 1821. Democratic-Republican gain. | √ James DeWolf (Federalist) {{dm}} | Tennessee | John H. Eaton | Democratic- Republican | 1818 (Appointed) 1819 (Special) | Legislature failed to elect Democratic-Republican loss. New senator would later be elected September 27, 1821, see below.[3] | {{dm}} | Vermont | Isaac Tichenor | Federalist | 1796 1796 1797 (Resigned) 1814 or 1815 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1821. Democratic-Republican gain. | √ Horatio Seymour (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Virginia | James Barbour | Democratic- Republican | 1815 (Special) 1814 | Incumbent re-elected in 1821. | √ James Barbour (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} |
Special elections during the next Congress In this special election, the winner was elected in 1821 after March 4; ordered by election date. State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates |
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Senator | Party | Electoral history |
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Missouri Class 1 | New state | Winner elected August 10, 1821. Democratic-Republican gain. | √ Thomas H. Benton (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Missouri Class 3 | New state | Winner elected August 10, 1821. Democratic-Republican gain. | √ David Barton (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Tennessee Class 1 | Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect. Winner re-elected late September 27, 1821.[3] Democratic-Republican gain. | √ John H. Eaton (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Georgia Class 1 | Freeman Walker | Democratic- Republican | 1819 (Special) | Incumbent resigned August 6, 1821. Winner elected November 10, 1821. Democratic-Republican hold. | √ Nicholas Ware (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} | Pennsylvania Class 1 | Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect. Winner elected December 10, 1821. Democratic-Republican gain. | √ William Findlay (Democratic-Republican) {{dm}} |
See also - United States elections, 1820
- United States presidential election, 1820
- United States House of Representatives elections, 1820
- 16th United States Congress
- 17th United States Congress
- Elections in the United States
References 1. ^https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/xd07gt577 2. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nj.ussenate.1820 |title= New Jersey 1820 U.S. Senate | accessdate = June 9, 2015 | date=November 11, 1820 | work=A New Nation Votes | publisher=Tufts University Digital Collections and Archives}} 3. ^1 {{cite web | title=EATON, John Henry, (1790 - 1856) | url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=E000024 | work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress | accessdate=June 9, 2015}}
- [https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/one_item_and_teasers/partydiv.htm Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present], via Senate.gov
- {{cite web | title= The Senate, 1789-1989: Historical Statistics, 1789-1992 | edition=volume 4 Bicentennial | first= Robert C. | last= Byrd | author-link1=Robert Byrd | editor1-first = Wendy | editor1-last =Wolff | | department = United States Senate Historical Office | location =Washington, DC | publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office | date=October 1, 1993 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PeHByMYxVm8C }}
{{United States Senate elections}} 2 : 1820 United States Senate elections|1821 United States Senate elections |