“1858 in the United States”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Incumbents

Federal Government

President: James Buchanan (D-Pennsylvania)

Vice President: John C. Breckinridge (D-Kentucky)

Chief Justice: Roger B. Taney (Maryland)

Speaker of the House of Representatives: James Lawrence Orr (D-South Carolina)

Congress: 35th

Governors

Governor of Alabama: Andrew B. Moore (Democratic)

Governor of Arkansas: Elias Nelson Conway (Democratic)

Governor of California: J. Neely Johnson (Know Nothing) (until January 8), John B. Weller (Democratic) (starting January 8)

Governor of Connecticut: Alexander H. Holley (Republican) (until May 5), William A. Buckingham (Republican) (starting May 5)

Governor of Delaware: Peter F. Causey (Know Nothing)

Governor of Florida: Madison S. Perry (Democratic)

Governor of Georgia: Joseph E. Brown (Democratic)

Governor of Illinois: William Henry Bissell (Republican)

Governor of Indiana: Ashbel P. Willard (Democratic)

Governor of Iowa: James W. Grimes (Whig) (until January 13), Ralph P. Lowe (Republican) (starting January 13)

Governor of Kentucky: Charles S. Morehead (Know Nothing)

Governor of Louisiana: Robert C. Wickliffe (Democratic)

Governor of Maine: Joseph H. Williams (Republican) (until January 6), Lot M. Morrill (Democratic) (starting January 6)

Governor of Maryland: Thomas W. Ligon (Democratic) (until January 13), Thomas H. Hicks (Know Nothing)/(Republican) (starting January 13)

Governor of Massachusetts: Henry Gardner (Know Nothing) (until January 7), Nathaniel Prentice Banks (Republican) (starting January 7)

Governor of Michigan: Kinsley S. Bingham (Republican)

Governor of Minnesota: Samuel Medary (Democratic) (until May 24), Henry H. Sibley (Democratic) (starting May 24)

Governor of Mississippi: William McWillie (Democratic)

Governor of Missouri: Robert Marcellus Stewart (Democratic)

Governor of New Hampshire: William Haile (Republican)

Governor of New Jersey: William A. Newell (Republican)

Governor of New York: John Alsop King (Republican) (until end of December 31)

Governor of North Carolina: Thomas Bragg (Democratic)

Governor of Ohio: Salmon P. Chase (Republican)

Governor of Pennsylvania: James Pollock (Whig) (until January 19), William F. Packer (Democratic) (starting January 19)

Governor of Rhode Island: Elisha Dyer (Republican)

Governor of South Carolina: Robert Francis Withers Allston (Democratic) (until December 10), William Henry Gist (Democratic) (starting December 10)

Governor of Tennessee: Isham G. Harris (Democratic)

Governor of Texas: Hardin R. Runnels (Democratic)

Governor of Vermont: Ryland Fletcher (Republican) (until October 10), Hiland Hall (Republican) (starting October 10)

Governor of Virginia: Henry A. Wise (Democratic)

Governor of Wisconsin: Coles Bashford (Republican) (until January 4), Alexander W. Randall (Republican) (starting January 12))

)

Lieutenant Governors

Lieutenant Governor of California: Robert M. Anderson (Know Nothing) (until month and day unknown), John Walkup (Democratic) (starting month and day unknown)

Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut: Alfred A. Burnham (Republican) (until May 5), Julius Catlin (Republican) (starting May 5)

Lieutenant Governor of Illinois: John Wood (Republican)

Lieutenant Governor of Indiana: Abram A. Hammond (Democratic)

Lieutenant Governor of Iowa: Oran Faville (Republican) (starting month and day unknown)

Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky: vacant

Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana: William F. Griffin (Democratic)

Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts: Henry W. Benchley (Republican) (until January 7), Eliphalet Trask (Republican) (starting January 7)

Lieutenant Governor of Michigan: George Coe (Republican)

Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota: William Holcombe (Democratic) (starting May 24)

Lieutenant Governor of Missouri: Hancock Lee Jackson (Democratic)

Lieutenant Governor of New York: Henry R. Selden (Republican) (until end of December 31)

Lieutenant Governor of Ohio: Thomas H. Ford (Democratic) (until January 11), Martin Welker (Democratic) (starting January 11)

Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island: Thomas Turner (political party unknown)

Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina: Gabriel Cannon (Democratic) (until December 10), M. E. Carn (Democratic) (starting December 10)

Lieutenant Governor of Texas: Francis R. Lubbock (Democratic)

Lieutenant Governor of Vermont: James M. Slade (Republican) (until October 10), Burnham Martin (Republican) (starting October 10)

Lieutenant Governor of Virginia: William Lowther Jackson (Democratic)

Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin: Arthur MacArthur, Sr. (Democratic) (until January 4), Erasmus D. Campbell (Democratic) (starting January 4)

Governors and Lieutenant Governors

Events

March 4 – A speech by James Henry Hammond in the United States Senate promotes the idea of "King Cotton" and the "mudsill theory" in support of slave labor.

April 19 – The United States and the Yankton Sioux Tribe sign a treaty.^[1]

May 11 – Minnesota is admitted as the 32nd U.S. state (see History of Minnesota).

May 19 – The Marais des Cygnes massacre is perpetrated by pro-slavery forces in Bleeding Kansas.

June 16 – Abraham Lincoln makes his "House Divided" Speech at the State Capitol in Springfield, Illinois, on accepting the Republican Party nomination for a seat in the U.S. Senate.

July – Forty-Niners stream into the Rocky Mountains of the western United States during the Pike's Peak Gold Rush.

July 8 – The Paulist Fathers, a Roman Catholic society of apostolic life for men, is founded in New York City by Isaac Hecker.

July 29 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan) ("Harris Treaty") signed on the deck of {{USS|Powhatan|1850|6}} in Edo (modern-day Tokyo) Bay.

August 16 – U.S. President James Buchanan inaugurates the new trans-Atlantic telegraph cable by exchanging greetings with Queen Victoria. However, a weak signal forces a shutdown of the service in a few weeks.

August 21 – The first of the seven Lincoln–Douglas debates is held.

September 14 – Fordyce Beals patents his six shooter revolver which will be produced by E. Remington & Sons of Ilion, New York as the Remington Model 1858.

November 17 – Denver is founded.

Ongoing

Bleeding Kansas (1854–1860)

Third Seminole War (1855–1858)

Utah War (1857–1858)

Births

January 6 – Albert Henry Munsell, painter, teacher of art and inventor of the Munsell color system (died 1918)

January 9 – Elizabeth Gertrude Britton, botanist (died 1934)

January 11 – Harry Gordon Selfridge, department store magnate (died 1947)

February 6 – Jonathan P. Dolliver, U.S. Senator from Iowa from 1900 to 1910 (died 1910)

February 15 – John Joseph Montgomery, glider pioneer (died 1911)

February 19 – Charles Alexander Eastman, Native American author, physician, reformer and co-founder of Boy Scouts of America (died 1939)

February 28 – Richard P. Ernst, U.S. Senator from Kentucky from 1921 to 1927 (died 1934)

March 9 – Gustav Stickley, furniture designer and architect (died 1942)

March 12 – Adolph Ochs, newspaper publisher (died 1935)

March 30 – DeWolf Hopper, musical theater performer (died 1935)

April 23 – Leonor F. Loree, railroad executive (died 1940)

April 29 – Georgia Hopley, journalist, political figure and temperance advocate (died 1944)

June 17 – Mary F. Hoyt, first woman appointed to the U.S. federal civil service, in 1883 (died 1958)

June 20 – Charles Waddell Chesnutt, African American author, essayist and political activist (died 1932)

June 28 – Otis Skinner, actor (died 1943)

July 1 – Velma Caldwell Melville, editor and writer (died 1924)

August 18 – Thomas S. Rodgers, admiral (died 1931)

September 1 – Andrew Jackson Zilker, philanthropist (died 1934)

September 12 – J. H. Smith, politician and pioneer (died 1956)

October 7 – Joseph E. Ransdell, U.S. Senator from Louisiana from 1913 to 1931 (died 1954)

October 12 – John L. Sullivan, heavyweight boxer (died 1918)

October 15 – William Sims, admiral (died 1936)

October 27 – Theodore Roosevelt, 26th President of the United States from 1901 to 1909, 25th Vice President of the United States from March to September 1901 (died 1919)

October 30 – Wilson Eyre, architect (died 1944)

November 8 – Lawrence Yates Sherman, U.S. Senator from Illinois from 1913 to 1921 (died 1939)

November 21 – Charles A. Towne, U.S. Senator from Minnesota from 1900 to 1901 (died 1928)

November 26 – Katharine Drexel, Roman Catholic foundress, first American canonized as a saint, in 2000 (died 1955)

December 25 – Herman P. Faris, temperance movement leader (died 1936)

December 31 – Harry Stewart New, U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1917 to 1923 (died 1937)

Deaths

January 10 – Hezekiah Augur, sculptor and inventor (born 1791)

March 4 – Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry, naval officer (born 1794)

April 10 – Thomas Hart Benton, U.S. Senator from Missouri from 1821 to 1851 (born 1782)

August 23 – Calvin Willey, U.S. Senator from Connecticut from 1825 to 1831 (born 1776)

September 17 – Dred Scott, slave (born c. 1795)

September 21 – Arthur P. Bagby, U.S. Senator from Alabama from 1837 to 1841 (born 1794)

November 16 – Robert Hanna, U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1831 to 1832 (born 1786)

December 14 – Michael Woolston Ash, U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania from 1835 to 1837 (born 1789)

December 18 – Thomas Holley Chivers, poet and physician (born 1809)

1. ^{{cite web |url=http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/vol2/treaties/yan0776.htm |title=Treaty with the Yankton Sioux, 1858}} Provided by the Oklahoma State University Library from Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties (Vol. II) compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler, 1904.