“1900 and 1901 United States Senate elections”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The United States Senate elections of 1900 and 1901 were elections in which the Democratic Party gained two seats in the United States Senate, and which corresponded with President William McKinley's landslide re-election. By the beginning of the next Congress, however, the Republicans gained five additional seats, giving them a ten-seat majority.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Results summary

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

Result of the general elections

Beginning of the next Congress

Race summaries

Elections during the 56th Congress

In these elections, the winner was seated in the current (56th) Congress during 1900 or in 1901 before March 4; ordered by election date.

In this election, the winner was seated in the 58th Congress, starting March 4, 1903.

Elections leading to the 57th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1901; ordered by state.

Elections during the 57th Congress

In this election, the winner was elected in 1901 after March 4 and seated in the 57th Congress.

Pennsylvania (Special)

The special election in Pennsylvania was held on January 15, 1901, after the regularly scheduled legislative election in January–April 1899 failed to elect a Senator. Former Senator Matthew Quay, who had left the Senate for nearly two years because of the political stalemate, was again elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate.^[26]^[27]

Sen. Quay's term expired on March 4, 1899. Since a Senator had not been elected for the successive term, the seat was vacated. At the time, Quay was under indictment for misuse of funds. He was acquitted, after which Governor William Stone appointed Quay to the vacated Senate seat (a power the Governor did not legally have until the ratification of the 17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1913). The Senate refused to recognize Quay's appointment, and the seat remained vacant until a Senator could be officially elected (which would ultimately be Quay himself, after a nearly two-year hiatus). This incident, among others, would later be cited by supporters of the 17th Amendment, which mandated the direct election of U.S. Senators.^[26]

The Pennsylvania General Assembly convened on January 15, 1901, for a special election to elect a Senator to serve out the remainder of the term that began on March 4, 1899. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:

See also

Notes

1. ^{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= November 28, 1900 | title= Senator morgan re-elected | url= http://nyti.ms/2eZGdB5 | page= 7}}
2. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 23, 1901 | title= Another Term for Berry of Arkansas | url= http://nyti.ms/2f3legZ | page= 5}}
3. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 16, 1901 | title= Patterson wins in colorado | url= http://nyti.ms/2gcEhED | page= 3}}
4. ^{{cite news | url= https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=bo1fAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ljAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4788%2C433917 | newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune | location= Idaho | title= Dubois lands the prize | date= January 16, 1901 | page= 1}}
5. ^{{cite news | url= https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=W9IUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=T5sDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5829%2C904642 | newspaper= The Spokesman-Review | location= Spokane, Washington | title= Dubois chosen on first ballot | date= January 16, 1901 | page= 1}}
6. ^{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 23, 1901 | title= Cullom of Illinois Succeeds Himself | url= http://nyti.ms/2f3hlbL | page= 5}}
7. ^A different source tallied the results with an additional vote for both Gear and White.{{sfn | Tribune Almanac (1901) | page=300}}
8. ^{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 23, 1901 | title= J.R. Burton the Choice in Kansas | url= http://nyti.ms/2f3lLzx | page= 5}}
9. ^{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 17, 1900 | title= Blackburn's Election Duplicated | url= http://nyti.ms/2gwGGH8 | page= 2}}
10. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= May 23, 1900 | title= Louisiana Senators Elected. | page= 2 | url= http://nyti.ms/2el5MYe}}
11. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 16, 1901 | title= Frye Wins Out in Maine. | page= 3 | url= http://nyti.ms/2gcAtTU}}
12. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 16, 1901 | title= Democrats Help Re-elect Hoar. | page= 3 | url= http://nyti.ms/2gBHV8c}}
13. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 16, 1901 | title= McMillan of Michigan Re-elected. | page= 3 | url= http://nyti.ms/2gcCakw}}
14. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 16, 1901 | page= 3 | title= Burnham Is New Hampshire's Choice | url= http://nyti.ms/2gbVjCZ}}
15. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 23, 1901 | page= 5 | title= Senator sewell re-elected | url= http://nyti.ms/2gBKsiK}}
16. ^{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 23, 1901 | title= North Carolina Elects a Democrat | url= http://nyti.ms/2f3w5HA | page= 5}}
17. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= February 25, 1901 | title= Oregon elects a senator | url= http://nyti.ms/2gEa9PP | page= 1}}
18. ^{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= June 13, 1900 | title= Senator wetmore re-elected | url= http://nyti.ms/2gfqRI5 | page= 2}}
19. ^{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 24, 1901 | title= Tillman South Carolina's Choice | url= http://nyti.ms/2gEBEZB | page= 5}}
20. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 23, 1901 | title= R.J. Gamble Succeeds Pettigrew | url= http://nyti.ms/2f3xWMz | page= 5}}
21. ^{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 17, 1901 | title= Tennessee Elects Carmack | url= http://nyti.ms/2gfp6dU | page= 2}}
22. ^¹{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 23, 1901 | title= Bailey a Senator from Texas | url= http://nyti.ms/2f3zbeT | page= 5}}
23. ^{{cite news | work= The New York Times | date= January 23, 1901 | title= Elkins Re-elected in West Virginia | url= http://nyti.ms/2gh4PTK | page= 5}}
24. ^{{cite news | url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1901/01/23/issue.html | publisher=The New York Times | date=January 23, 1901 | page=5 | title=Warren Wins in Wyoming}}
25. ^¹²³"Fusion" here meant Democratic.{{sfn | Tribune Almanac (1902) | pages=299–300}}
26. ^¹²{{cite web|title=U.S. Senate Election - 1899|url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1899.pdf|publisher=Wilkes University|accessdate=December 23, 2012}}
27. ^¹{{cite web|title=U.S. Senate Election - 15 January 1901|url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1901.pdf|publisher=Wilkes University|accessdate=December 23, 2012}}
28. ^{{cite web|title=PA US Senate - Special Election|url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=345429|publisher=OurCampaigns|accessdate=December 22, 2012}}