| 词条 | Gayndah | |||
| 释义 |
| type = town | name = Gayndah | state = qld | image = GayndahFromLookout.JPG | caption = Gayndah, seen from the town lookout | lga = North Burnett Region | postcode = 4625 | pop = 1981 | pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}} | pop_footnotes = [1] | est = 1849 | elevation= 106 | coordinates = {{coord|25|38|0|S|151|36|0|E|display=inline,title}} | pushpin_label_position = left | maxtemp = 28.2 | mintemp = 13.6 | rainfall = 766.9 | stategov = Callide | fedgov = Flynn | dist1 = 328 | location1=Brisbane | dist2 = 150 | location2=Maryborough | dist3 = 163 | location3= Bundaberg | near-n = Ideraway Bon Accord | near-ne = Wetheron | near-e = Ginoondan | near-se = Campbell Creek | near-s = The Limits | near-sw = Woodmillar | near-w = Mount Debateable | near-nw = Dirnbir }}Gayndah {{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɡ|eɪ|n|d|ə}}[2] is a town and locality in the North Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia.[3][4] In the 2011 census, Gayndah had a population of 1,789 people.[5] GeographyGayndah is on the Burnett River and the Burnett Highway passes through the town. Apart from the town in the western part of the locality, the land is used for cropping and grazing. The Gayndah railway station is located on the north side of the river and is on the Mungar Junction to Monto Branch railway line.[6] Duchess Mountain is immediately to the south-west of the town ({{coord|25|38|00|S|151|36|47|E|type:landmark_region:AU-QLD|name=Duchess Mountain}}) and at {{convert|190|m}} provides excellent views over the town ({{convert|100|m}} above sea level).[6][7] Gayndah is {{convert|366|km|mi}} north of the state capital, Brisbane, and {{convert|145|km|mi}} west of the regional city of Maryborough. HistoryExploration of the Gayndah area began in 1847 by explorer Thomas Archer and Surveyor James Charles Burnett (1815-1854).[8] The first European settlers arrived in 1848, and the town was established in the following year. A post office was established at Gayndah in 1850.[9] This suggests that Gayndah may be the oldest officially Gazetted town in Queensland though, it should be noted that, a convict colony of 47 people existed on the Brisbane River, CBD site in 1825. This is known as the 1824 Colony. Agriculture and grazing have been the dominant industries of the area. The town is the centre of Queensland's largest citrus-growing area. The Gayndah Orange Festival is held every two years to celebrate this industry. The town's information centre is located inside a man-made orange. Brisbane's population by 1856 was only an estimated 3,840. Gayndah and Ipswich were regional towns of similar size and competed with Brisbane to become the capital of Queensland when it became a separate colony from NSW in 1859. The main impetus to the growth of Brisbane and the development of a distinctive city centre came through the introduction of self-government, hand-in-hand with immigration and general economic expansion. By 1868 Brisbane was the largest town in Queensland with a population of 15,240.[10] The well-known "Wetheron" property, 12 miles from Gayndah, was taken up by William Humphrey in 1845, and from him it passed to the Hons. Berkeley Basil and Seymour Moreton, sons of the Earl of Ducie. When the foundations of Gayndah were being laid there were only a few squatters on the Burnett, and these were nearly all educated men of good families with command of money and the confidence of the Banks and financial institutions. It must have made considerable progress when Tom White went there in 1857 and started the newspaper, The Burnett Argus, in April 1861.[11][12] The railway was opened to Gayndah on December 16, 1907. Historian Matt J Fox spoke of Gayndah in 1923: "The Gazette now represents the Press in Gayndah, which is a very prosperous town of nearly a thousand people, the centre of a thriving district of farmers and fruit-growers and squatters, with a rural population of over 4,000 people".[13] The name Gayndah is of Aboriginal origin and comes either from Gu-in-dah (or Gi-un-dah), meaning 'thunder', or from Ngainta, meaning 'place of scrub'.[14] In 1872, the town was the location where the hoax fish Ompax spatuloides was supposedly procured.[15] On 8 September 1919 the Gayndah War Memorial was dedicated by the Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly for Burnett, Bernard Corser.[16] Another famous hoax is the story of the Gayndah Bear, a black bear said to be wandering around the banks of the Burnett river. The Gayndah Bear was first sighted in the late 1950s and again in 2000.[17] The Mango Tree is a 1977 Australian drama film based on the novel The Mango Tree by Ronald McKie and directed by Kevin Dobson and starring Geraldine Fitzgerald and Sir Robert Helpmann.[18] Filming took place in the town of Gayndah, Mount Perry and Cordalba as well as Bundaberg. The shoot went for seven weeks starting April and ending in June.[19] The streets of Gayndah were closed for filming and a street-scape was created to emulate the 19th century period of the screenplay. Gayndah was chosen because much of its early, country town architecture was intact and reflected the period effectively. Lead actor Christopher Pate is the son of actor Michael Pate who also produced the film.[20]At the 2006 census, Gayndah had a population of 1,745.[21] Heritage listingsGayndah has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
Climate{{Weather box |location = Gayndah |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 44.6 |Feb record high C = 41.7 |Mar record high C = 40.7 |Apr record high C = 39.1 |May record high C = 35.6 |Jun record high C = 31.7 |Jul record high C = 30.1 |Aug record high C = 33.9 |Sep record high C = 39.4 |Oct record high C = 41.8 |Nov record high C = 42.8 |Dec record high C = 44.8 |year record high C = 44.8 |Jan high C = 32.8 |Feb high C = 32.0 |Mar high C = 30.9 |Apr high C = 28.6 |May high C = 25.2 |Jun high C = 22.4 |Jul high C = 21.9 |Aug high C = 23.8 |Sep high C = 26.9 |Oct high C = 29.5 |Nov high C = 31.6 |Dec high C = 32.8 |year high C = 28.2 |Jan low C = 20.1 |Feb low C = 19.9 |Mar low C = 18.1 |Apr low C = 14.4 |May low C = 10.3 |Jun low C = 7.5 |Jul low C = 5.9 |Aug low C = 6.8 |Sep low C = 10.2 |Oct low C = 14.1 |Nov low C = 17.1 |Dec low C = 19.1 |year low C = 13.6 |Jan record low C = 11.1 |Feb record low C = 10.0 |Mar record low C = 6.1 |Apr record low C = 1.1 |May record low C = -1.1 |Jun record low C = -3.9 |Jul record low C = -6.0 |Aug record low C = -4.9 |Sep record low C = -2.8 |Oct record low C = 1.0 |Nov record low C = 6.0 |Dec record low C = 8.3 |year record low C = -6.0 |Jan rain mm = 113.8 |Feb rain mm = 106.8 |Mar rain mm = 72.7 |Apr rain mm = 37.2 |May rain mm = 38.9 |Jun rain mm = 36.5 |Jul rain mm = 35.7 |Aug rain mm = 26.4 |Sep rain mm = 33.1 |Oct rain mm = 64.3 |Nov rain mm = 81.5 |Dec rain mm = 105.3 |Jan rain days = 8.8 |Feb rain days = 8.3 |Mar rain days = 7.3 |Apr rain days = 5.0 |May rain days = 4.8 |Jun rain days = 4.5 |Jul rain days = 4.5 |Aug rain days = 3.8 |Sep rain days = 4.1 |Oct rain days = 6.4 |Nov rain days = 7.2 |Dec rain days = 8.2 |unit rain days = 0.2mm |source 1 = Bureau of Meteorology[29] |date=February 2011}} Notable residents
AmenitiesThe North Burnett Regional Council operates Gayndah Library on Capper Street.[30] [31] The library offers publicly accessible Wi-Fi. [32] The former St Joseph's Convent in Meson St Gayndah was in 2011 converted into an arts and cultural centre, The Gayndah Arts & Cultural Centre which also houses the Gaynah Art Gallery. The Gayndah branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association meets at 5 Pineapple Street. The branch was founded in 1923 making it one of the longest operating branches.[33] Also located in Gayndah is the tourist attraction The Big Orange. Sister cityGayndah has one sister city, according to the [https://web.archive.org/web/20081022214741/http://www.asca.asn.au/index.html Australian Sister Cities Association].
Military HistoryDuring World War 2, Gayndah was the location of RAAF No.8 Inland Aircraft Fuel Depot (IAFD), completed in 1942 and closed on 29 August 1944. Usually consisting of 4 tanks, 31 fuel depots were built across Australia for the storage and supply of aircraft fuel for the RAAF and the US Army Air Forces at a total cost of £900,000 ($1,800,000).[34] References1. ^{{Census 2016 AUS|id=SSC31118 |name=Gayndah (State Suburb) |accessdate=29 January 2018 |quick=on}} 2. ^Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition (2005). Melbourne, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. {{ISBN|1-876429-14-3}} 3. ^{{cite QPN|13515|Gayndah|town|accessdate=13 October 2015}} 4. ^{{cite QPN|45349|Gayndah|locality|accessdate=13 October 2015}} 5. ^{{Census 2011 AUS|id=SSC30638 |name=Gayndah|accessdate=12 October 2015|quick=on}} 6. ^1 {{Queensland Globe|accessdate=12 October 2015}} 7. ^{{cite QPN|10653|Duchess Mountain|accessdate=13 October 2015}} 8. ^Don Dignan, 'Burnett, James Charles (1815–1854)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, published in hardcopy 1969, accessed online 25 September 2014 9. ^New South Wales Government Gazette, 19 January 1850, cited by Frew, Joan (1981). Queensland Post Offices 1842–1980 and Receiving Offices 1869–1927, p. 277. Fortitude Valley, Queensland: published by the author, {{ISBN|0-9593973-0-2}}. 10. ^Marsden,Susan; Urban Heritage; the rise and post-war development of Australia's capital city centres, Australian Council of National Trusts and Australian Heritage Commission, Ausdoc On Demand, Fyshwick ACT, 2000, p22 11. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article150315242 |title=No title. |newspaper=Maryborough Chronicle, Wide Bay and Burnett Advertiser |location=Qld. |date=2 May 1861 |accessdate=26 September 2014 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 12. ^{{cite journal|last1=Morrison|first1=Allan Arthur|title=Some aspects of Queensland provincial journalism|journal=Journal of the Royal Historical Society of Queensland|date=1952|volume=4|issue=5|pages=702–708|url=http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/eserv/UQ:212993/s18378366_1952_4_5_702.pdf|accessdate=25 September 2014|publisher=Royal Historical Society of Queensland|location=Brisbane|issn=1837-8366}} 13. ^Fox, Matt J. (Matt Joseph), History of Queensland, its people and industries,...; States Publishing Company, Brisbane, Qld; 1919-1923, p824 14. ^Reed, A. W. (1973). Place Names of Australia, p. 102. Sydney: A. H. & A. W. Reed. {{ISBN|0-589-07115-7}} 15. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article68143359 |title=A Mythical Fish. |newspaper=The Advocate |location=Burnie, Tas. |date=17 January 1934 |accessdate=19 September 2013 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia}} 16. ^{{cite web|title=Gayndah War Memorial|url=http://monumentaustralia.org.au/display/91451-gayndah-war-memorial|publisher=Monument Australia|accessdate=5 April 2014}} 17. ^{{cite web|last=Frazier|first=Justine|title=Gayndah bear mystery|url=http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/stories/s97662.htm|work=The World Today|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=3 February 2000|accessdate=19 September 2013}} 18. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0076359/|title=The Mango Tree (1977)|last=|first=|date=|website=Internet Movie Database|publisher=|access-date=22 August 2016}} 19. ^Pike, Andrew and Cooper, Ross; Australian Film 1900–1977: A Guide to Feature Film Production, Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1998 p320 20. ^Wikipedia: The Mango Tree 21. ^{{Census 2006 AUS |id=UCL322000 |name=Gayndah (Urban Centre/Locality) |accessdate=25 October 2007 |quick=on}} 22. ^{{cite QHR|15292|Gayndah War Memorial|600517|accessdate=12 July 2013}} 23. ^{{cite QHR|16057|Court House, Gayndah|601294|accessdate=12 July 2013}} 24. ^{{cite QHR|16233|Mellors Drapery and Haberdashery|601470|accessdate=12 July 2013}} 25. ^{{cite QHR|16860|Gayndah Shire Hall|602124|accessdate=12 July 2013}} 26. ^{{cite QHR|19635|Gayndah Racecourse|602514|accessdate=12 July 2013}} 27. ^{{cite QHR|15291|Gayndah State School|600516|accessdate=12 July 2013}} 28. ^{{cite QHR|17004|Brick Cottage|602185|accessdate=12 July 2013}} 29. ^{{BoM Aust stats|site_ref=cw_039039_All|site_name=Gayndah Post Office|accessdate=22 November 2011|date=July 2011}} 30. ^{{Cite web|url=http://plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/networking/directory-of-public-libraries/branches/north_burnett/gayndah_library|title=Gayndah Library|last=|first=|date=14 February 2017|website=Public Libraries Connect|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=29 January 2018}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.northburnett.qld.gov.au/?id=34|title=Gayndah Library Webpage|publisher=Gayndah Library|accessdate=16 June 2011}} 32. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/388497/SLQ_StatsBulletin1617_20171109.pdf|title=Queensland Public Libraries Statistical Bulletin 2016-17|last=|first=|date=14 February 2017|website=Public Libraries Connect|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=29 January 2018}} 33. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.qcwa.org.au/branch-locations/|title=Branch Locations|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Queensland Country Women's Association|archive-url=|access-date=26 December 2018}} 34. ^{{Citation | author1 = Australia. Royal Australian Air Force. Historical Section | title = Logistics units | publication-date = 1995 | publisher = AGPS Press | isbn = 978-0-644-42798-2}} External links{{Commons category-inline|Gayndah}}
6 : Towns in Queensland|Populated places established in 1849|1849 establishments in Australia|North Burnett Region|Gayndah|Pre-Separation Queensland |
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