| 词条 | 1977 in spaceflight | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|year = 1977 |image = Titan 3E Centaur launches Voyager 2.jpg |caption = Launch of Voyager 2 on a Titan IIIE |first= 6 January |last= 27 December |total= 130 |success= |failed= |partial= |catalogued= 124 |maidens= Mu-3H Tsyklon-3 |retired= Kosmos-2I Titan IIIE |orbital= 3 |totalcrew= 6 }} Spaceflight in 1977 included some important events such as the roll out of the space shuttle orbiter, Voyager 1 and Voyager space probes were launched. NASA received the space shuttle orbiter later named {{OV|101|full=no}}, on 14 January. This unpowered sub-orbital space plane was launched off the top of a modified 747 and was flown unmanned until 13 August until a manned crew landed the Enterprise for the first time. In August and September, the two Voyager spacecraft to the outer planets were launched. Voyager 2, launched on 20 August, went on to fly past Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Voyager 1, which was launched on 5 September, flew past Jupiter and Saturn, with a planned flyby of Pluto being cancelled in favour of a closer flyby of Titan.[1] {{TLS-L|alignment=right|fixed=on}}{{clear}}Launches{{TLS-H2}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1|date= 16 June |time= 10:51:00 |rocket = {{flagicon|USA}}Delta 2914 |site = {{flagicon|USA}}Cape Canaveral LC-17B |LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} |remarks=Retired on 5 May 2001 and moved to a graveyard orbit |payload={{TLS-PL |name={{flagicon|USA}}GOES 2 |user=NOAA |function=Weather |orbit=Current: Graveyard Operational: Geostationary |outcome=Successful}} }}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |date = 20 August |time= 14:29:44 |rocket = {{flagicon|USA}}Titan IIIE |site = {{flagicon|USA}}Cape Canaveral LC-41 |LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} |payload = {{TLS-PL |name = {{flagicon|USA}}Voyager 2 |user = NASA |function = Planetary |orbit = Heliocentric to Galactocentric |outcome = Successful Operational}} |remarks = Spacecraft flew past Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, first spacecraft to visit Uranus and Neptune }}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1 |date = 5 September |time= 12:56:01 |rocket = {{flagicon|USA}}Titan IIIE |site = {{flagicon|USA}}Cape Canaveral LC-41 |LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} |payload = {{TLS-PL |name = {{flagicon|USA}}Voyager 1 |user = NASA |function = Planetary |orbit = Heliocentric to Galactocentric |outcome = Successful Operational}} |remarks = Final flight of Titan IIIE, spacecraft flew past Jupiter and Saturn }} |} Deep Space Rendezvous
EVAs
References{{TLS-R}}Footnotes1. ^Hughes, J. (1996) Larrousse Desk Reference Encloypedia London RD press, World Aircraft Information Files (2001) London Aerospace publishing Ltd 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.astronautix.com/craft/orlan.htm |title=Orlan |accessdate=February 13, 2009 |last=Wade |first=Mark |year=2009 |work=Encyclopedia Astronautica web site| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090326054129/http://www.astronautix.com/craft/orlan.htm| archivedate= 26 March 2009 | deadurl= no}} {{TLS-L|year=1977|nav=on|state=expanded}}{{Orbital launches in 1977}} 2 : 1977 in spaceflight|Years in spaceflight |
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