请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 1978 North American Soccer League season
释义

  1. Changes from the previous season

     New teams  Teams folding  Teams moving  Name changes 

  2. Season recap

  3. Regular season

     American Conference  National Conference 

  4. NASL League Leaders

     Scoring  Goalkeeping 

  5. NASL All-Stars

  6. Playoffs

     Bracket   Conference Quarterfinals  Conference Semifinals  Conference Championships  Soccer Bowl '78 

  7. Playoff Statistics

     Scoring  Goalkeeping 

  8. Post season awards

  9. Team attendance totals

  10. References

  11. External links

{{ infobox football league season
| competition = North American Soccer League
| country={{flagu|United States}}
{{flagu|Canada}}
| confed = CONCACAF
| season = 1978
| winners = Cosmos
(3rd title)
| premiers = Cosmos
(2nd title)
| matches = 360
| total goals = 1240
| league topscorer = Giorgio Chinaglia
(34 goals)
| biggest home win = DET 10–0 SJ
(July 12)[1]
| biggest away win = LA 0–5 MIN
(August 2)[2]
| highest scoring = DET 10–0 SJ
(July 12)[3]
TOR 8–2 OAK
(June 30)[4]
| longest wins = 13, Vancouver
(June 22 – August 6)[5]
| longest losses = 13, San Jose
(May 31 – July 19)[6]
| highest attendance = 71,219
Seattle at Cosmos
(May 21)[7]
| lowest attendance = 1,538
N.E. at Chicago (May 7)[8]
| average attendance = 13,084[9]
| prevseason = 1977
| nextseason = 1979
}}

The 1978 North American Soccer League season was the 66th season of FIFA-sanctioned soccer, the 11th with a national first-division league, in the United States and Canada.

Changes from the previous season

New teams

{{Col-begin}}{{Col-2}}
  • Colorado Caribous
  • Detroit Express
  • Houston Hurricane
{{Col-2}}
  • Memphis Rogues
  • New England Tea Men
  • Philadelphia Fury
{{Col-end}}

Teams folding

  • None

Teams moving

  • Connecticut Bicentennials to Oakland Stompers
  • Las Vegas Quicksilver to San Diego Sockers
  • St. Louis Stars to California Surf
  • Team Hawaii to Tulsa Roughnecks

Name changes

  • None

Season recap

Bolstered by the success of the previous season, the league added six teams to reach 24 in total.[10] The Colorado Caribous launched in Denver,[11] the Detroit Express[12] and Houston Hurricane[13] became the second and third team to play indoors, the Philadelphia Fury brought soccer back to Philadelphia,[14] the New England Tea Men would be the third attempt to have NASL soccer succeed in the Boston area and the Memphis Rogues would bring pro soccer to Tennessee.

There were also the usual franchise movements. Team Hawaii became the Tulsa Roughnecks,[15] the Las Vegas Quicksilver became the San Diego Sockers, the Connecticut Bicentennials became the Oakland Stompers and the St. Louis Stars moved to Anaheim to become the California Surf.

With so many new clubs, the NASL realigned into a six-division format while expanding the playoffs to include 16 teams. The new alignment was a direct copy of the NFL's setup, as the new three-division conferences were called the 'American Soccer Conference' and the 'National Soccer Conference', respectively. Each conference had East, Central and West divisions as well.[16]

The top two teams in each division would quality for the playoffs. The other spots would go to the next best two teams in the conference, regardless of division. The top three seeds went to the division winners, seeds 4-6 went to the second place teams and the last two seeds were known as 'wild-cards' – another nod to the NFL. The winners of each successive round would be reseeded within the conference. The first round and the Soccer Bowl were single games, while the conference semifinals and championships were two-game series. As in the 1977 playoffs, if both teams were tied at one win apiece at the conclusion of Game 2, there would be a 30-minute sudden-death mini-game and a shootout if necessary.[17]

The Cosmos would set records for most wins and points in an NASL season, thanks to their 24-6 regular-season mark (shared with the Vancouver Whitecaps) and 212 points. The Cosmos beat the Ft. Lauderdale Strikers, 7–0, on opening day[18] and never looked back, scoring 88 times while losing just three games in regulation. Giorgio Chinaglia scored 34 goals and 79 points, setting league records in the process. He did not win regular season MVP honors, however. That award went to New England's Mike Flanagan, who scored 30 goals and 68 points while leading the Tea Men to an unlikely ASC East title. At the age of 36, Alan Hinton of Vancouver set a league record of his own with 30 assists.[19]

Still, the Cosmos needed a major rally to beat the Minnesota Kicks in the NSC playoffs. The Kicks won the first game by an extraordinary 9–2 score behind Alan Willey's five goals,[20] but the Cosmos won Game 2, 4–0, back at Giants Stadium. The resulting mini-game went to a shootout, and Carlos Alberto and Franz Beckenbauer scored goals to keep the Cosmos alive.[21] The Portland Timbers were shut out over both games of the National Conference final,[22] and the Tampa Bay Rowdies were beaten before 74,901 fans at Giants Stadium in the Soccer Bowl.[23] The Cosmos became the first back-to-back champions in NASL history.

After the season Colorado would move to Atlanta,[24] while Oakland would move to Edmonton just two months before the start of the 1979 NASL season.[25] The Stompers had drawn over 32,000 for their opening game at the Oakland Coliseum,[26] but were drawing crowds under 10,000 by the end of the season. The Caribous had the worst record in the league and only drew one crowd bigger than 10,000 the entire year.

Regular season

W = Wins, L = Losses, GF = Goals For, GA = Goals Against, BP = Bonus Points, Pts = Point System

6 points for a win,

0 points for a loss,

1 point for each regulation goal scored up to three per game.

{{Color box|#B3B7FF|border=darkgray}}-Premiers (most points). {{Color box|#ccffcc|border=darkgray}}-Other playoff teams.

American Conference

Eastern DivisionWLGFGABPPtsHomeRoad
New England Tea Men191162395116510-59-6
Tampa Bay Rowdies181263485716511-47-8
Fort Lauderdale Strikers161450594714312-34-11
Philadelphia Fury12184058391117-85-10
Central DivisionWLGFGABPPtsHomeRoad
Detroit Express201068365617610-510-5
Chicago Sting12185764511237-85-10
Memphis Rogues10204358411018-72-13
Houston Hurricane1020376136965-105-10
Western DivisionWLGFGABPPtsHomeRoad
San Diego Sockers181263565616412-36-9
California Surf13174349371159-64-11
Oakland Stompers12183459311037-85-10
San Jose Earthquakes822368135834-114-11

National Conference

Eastern DivisionWLGFGABPPtsHomeRoad
Cosmos24688396821214-110-5
Washington Diplomats161455474914511-45-10
Toronto Metros-Croatia16145847481449-67-8
Rochester Lancers141647524713110-54-11
Central DivisionWLGFGABPPtsHomeRoad
Minnesota Kicks171358435415611-46-9
Tulsa Roughnecks151549464213211-44-11
Dallas Tornado14165153471319-65-10
Colorado Caribous822346633815-103-12
Western DivisionWLGFGABPPtsHomeRoad
Vancouver Whitecaps24668295519913-211-4
Portland Timbers201050364716713-27-8
Seattle Sounders151550454813811-44-11
Los Angeles Aztecs921366934883-126-9

NASL League Leaders

Scoring

GP = Games Played, G = Goals (worth 2 points), A = Assists (worth 1 point), Pts = Points
PlayerTeamGPGAPts
Giorgio ChinagliaCosmos 30 34 11 79
Mike FlanaganNew England Tea Men 28 30 8 68
Trevor FrancisDetroit Express 20 22 10 54
Kevin HectorVancouver Whitecaps 28 21 10 52
Rodney MarshTampa Bay Rowdies 26 18 16 52
Jeff BourneDallas Tornado30 21 8 50
Karl-Heinz GranitzaChicago Sting 22 19 9 47
Alan WilleyMinnesota Kicks 30 21 3 45
Ivan LukačevićToronto Metros-Croatia 17 16 5 37
David IrvingFort Lauderdale Strikers 28 16 5 37
Bob LenarduzziVancouver Whitecaps 29 10 17 37
Vladislav BogićevićCosmos 30 10 17 37

Goalkeeping

Note: GP = Games played; Min = Minutes played; GA = Goals against; GAA = Goals against average; W = Wins; L = Losses; SO = Shutouts
PlayerTeamGPMinGAGAAWLSO
Phil ParkesVancouver Whitecaps 29 2650 28 0.95 23 6 10
Erol YasinCosmos 22 1916 24 1.13 17 5 6
Mick PoolePortland Timbers 30 2783 36 1.16 20 10 9
Steve HardwickDetroit Express 30 2734 36 1.19 20 10 9
Kevin KeelanNew England Tea Men 29 2609 36 1.24 18 11 7
Winston DuBoseTampa Bay Rowdies 15 1352 19 1.27 8 7 4
Željko BileckiToronto Metros-Croatia 17 1550 23 1.34 10 7 6
Dave JokerstCalifornia Surf 17 1574 24 1.37 9 8 6
Colin BoultonTulsa Roughnecks 28 2531 39 1.39 17 11 10
Tony ChurskySeattle Sounders 28 2617 41 1.41 14 14 9

NASL All-Stars

First Team   Position   Second Team Honorable Mention
ENG}} Kevin Keelan, New EnglandGUSA}} Alan Mayer, San DiegoNIR}} Bill Irwin, Washington
BRA}} Carlos Alberto, CosmosDCAN}} Bruce Wilson, ChicagoENG}} Maurice Whittle, Fort Lauderdale
WAL}} Mike England, SeattleDHAI|1964}} Arsene Auguste, Tampa BayUSA}} Werner Roth, Cosmos
ENG}} Ray Evans, CaliforniaDENG}} John Craven, VancouverSCO}} Jim Steele, Washington
ENG}} Chris Turner, New EnglandDENG}} Alan Merrick, MinnesotaUSA}} Dave D'Errico, New England
GER}} Franz Beckenbauer, CosmosMYUG|1945}} Vladislav Bogićević, CosmosRSA|1928}} Ace Ntsoelengoe, Minnesota
IRL}} Gerry Daly, New EnglandMENG}} Alan Ball, PhiladelphiaNIR}} George Best, Fort Lauderdale
ENG}} Rodney Marsh, Tampa BayMENG}} Ray Hudson, Fort LauderdaleHUN}} József Horváth, Rochester
ENG}} Mike Flanagan, New EnglandFENG}} Steve Hunt, CosmosENG}} Dennis Tueart, Cosmos
ENG}} Trevor Francis, DetroitFRSA|1928}} Steve Wegerle, Tampa BayGER}} Karl-Heinz Granitza, Chicago
ITA}} Giorgio Chinaglia, CosmosFENG}} Kevin Hector, VancouverBER}} Clyde Best, Portland • {{flagicon|DEN}} Jorgen Kristensen, Chicago

Playoffs

{{main article|1978 North American Soccer League playoffs}}

The first round and the Soccer Bowl were single game match ups, while the conference semifinals and championships were all two-game series.[27]

Bracket

{{16TeamBracket
| RD1=Conference Quarterfinals
| RD2=Conference Semifinals
| RD3=Conference Championships
| RD4=Soccer Bowl '78
| score-width=25
| team-width=150px
| RD1-seed01=A1
| RD1-team01=Detroit Express
| RD1-score01=1
| RD1-seed02=A8
| RD1-team02=Philadelphia Fury
| RD1-score02=0
| RD1-seed03=A2
| RD1-team03=New England Tea Men
| RD1-score03=1
| RD1-seed04=A7
| RD1-team04=Fort Lauderdale Strikers
| RD1-score04=3
| RD1-seed05=A3
| RD1-team05=San Diego Sockers
| RD1-score05=2
| RD1-seed06=A6
| RD1-team06=California Surf
| RD1-score06=1
| RD1-seed07=A4
| RD1-team07=Tampa Bay Rowdies
| RD1-score07=3
| RD1-seed08=A5
| RD1-team08=Chicago Sting
| RD1-score08=1
| RD1-seed09=N1
| RD1-team09=Cosmos
| RD1-score09=5
| RD1-seed10=N8
| RD1-team10=Seattle Sounders
| RD1-score10=2
| RD1-seed11=N3
| RD1-team11=Minnesota Kicks
| RD1-score11=3
| RD1-seed12=N6
| RD1-team12=Tulsa Roughnecks
| RD1-score12=1
| RD1-seed13=N2
| RD1-team13=Vancouver Whitecaps
| RD1-score13=4
| RD1-seed14=N7
| RD1-team14=Toronto Metros-Croatia
| RD1-score14=0
| RD1-seed15=N4
| RD1-team15=Portland Timbers
| RD1-score15=2
| RD1-seed16=N5
| RD1-team16=Washington Diplomats
| RD1-score16=1
| RD2-seed01=A1
| RD2-team01=Detroit Express
| RD2-score01=1
| RD2-seed02=A7
| RD2-team02=Fort Lauderdale Strikers
| RD2-score02=2
| RD2-seed03=A3
| RD2-team03=San Diego Sockers
| RD2-score03=1
| RD2-seed04=A4
| RD2-team04=Tampa Bay Rowdies
| RD2-score04=2
| RD2-seed05=N1
| RD2-team05=Cosmos
| RD2-score05=2
| RD2-seed06=N3
| RD2-team06=Minnesota Kicks
| RD2-score06=1
| RD2-seed07=N2
| RD2-team07=Vancouver Whitecaps
| RD2-score07=0
| RD2-seed08=N4
| RD2-team08=Portland Timbers
| RD2-score08=2
| RD3-seed01=A7
| RD3-team01=Fort Lauderdale Strikers
| RD3-score01=1
| RD3-seed02=A4
| RD3-team02=Tampa Bay Rowdies
| RD3-score02=2
| RD3-seed03=N1
| RD3-team03=Cosmos
| RD3-score03=2
| RD3-seed04=N4
| RD3-team04=Portland Timbers
| RD3-score04=0
| RD4-seed01=A4
| RD4-team01=Tampa Bay Rowdies
| RD4-score01=1
| RD4-seed02=N1
| RD4-team02=Cosmos
| RD4-score02=3

}}{{Clear}}

Conference Quarterfinals

August 8Detroit Express1–0Philadelphia FuryPontiac Silverdome • 22,456

August 9New England Tea Men1–3Fort Lauderdale StrikersSchaefer Stadium • 18,672

August 8San Diego Sockers2–1California SurfSan Diego Stadium • 6,238

August 8Tampa Bay Rowdies3–1Chicago StingTampa Stadium • 26,596

August 9Cosmos5–2Seattle SoundersGiants Stadium • 47,780

August 10Minnesota Kicks3–1Tulsa RoughnecksMetropolitan Stadium • 36,478

August 9Vancouver Whitecaps4–0Toronto Metros-CroatiaEmpire Stadium • 30,811

August 9Portland Timbers2–1 (OT)Washington DiplomatsCivic Stadium • 14,230
{{Clear}}

Conference Semifinals

In 1978, if a playoff series was tied after two games, a 30 minute, golden goal, mini-game was played. If neither team scored in the mini-game, they would move on to a shoot-out to determine a series winner. *Teams were re-seeded for the Conference Semifinals based on regular season point totals. This affected only one of the four series; Tampa Bay versus San Diego.[28]
Higher seedLower seedGame 1Game 2Mini-game(lower seed hosts Game 1)
Detroit Express - Fort Lauderdale Strikers 3–4 (SO, 2–3) 1–0 0–1 August 13 • Lockhart Stadium • 11,517
August 16 • Pontiac Silverdome • 32,219
*Tampa Bay Rowdies - San Diego Sockers 1–0 1–2 1–0 August 14 • San Diego Stadium • 8,014
August 17 • Tampa Stadium • 32,495
Cosmos - Minnesota Kicks 2–9 4–0 1– 0 (SO, 2–1) August 14 • Metropolitan Stadium • 45,863
August 16 • Giants Stadium • 60,199
Vancouver Whitecaps - Portland Timbers 0–1 1–2 x August 12 • Civic Stadium • 16,437
August 16 • Empire Stadium • 32,266
{{Clear}}

Conference Championships

Higher seedLower seedGame 1Game 2Mini-game(lower seed hosts Game 1)
Tampa Bay Rowdies - Fort Lauderdale Strikers 2–3 3–1 1–0 (SO, 2–1) August 20 • Lockhart Stadium • 16,286
August 23 • Tampa Stadium • 37,249
Cosmos - Portland Timbers 1–0 4–0 x August 18 • Civic Stadium • 24,515
August 23 • Giants Stadium • 65,287
{{Clear}}

Soccer Bowl '78

{{main article|Soccer Bowl '78}}{{football box
|date = August 27
|time = 4:00 pm EDT
|team1 = Cosmos
|score = 3–1
|report = https://www.newspapers.com/image/319023950/?terms=scoring%2BRowdies
|team2 = Tampa Bay Rowdies
|goals1 = Tueart {{goal|30:42|Iarusci, Hunt}}
Chinaglia {{goal| 44:38}}
Tueart {{goal|76:49|Iarusci, Roth}}
|goals2 = Mirandinha {{goal|73:34|Robb}}
|stadium = Giants Stadium, East Rutherford, NJ
|attendance = 74,901
|referee = Jim Highet (Canada)
}}1978 NASL Champions: Cosmos

Playoff Statistics

Mini-games are not counted as games played when compiling individual statistics. They are included in the minutes played category.

Scoring

GP = Games Played, G = Goals (worth 2 points), A = Assists (worth 1 point), Pts = Points
PlayerTeamGPGAPts
Dennis TueartCosmos 6 6 5 17
Alan WilleyMinnesota Kicks 3 7 0 14
Giorgio ChinagliaCosmos 6 5 2 12
David IrvingFort Lauderdale Strikers 5 5 0 10
Rodney MarshTampa Bay Rowdies 5 3 3 9

Goalkeeping

Note: GP = Games played; Min = Minutes played; GA = Goals against; GAA = Goals against average; W = Wins; L = Losses; SO = Shutouts
PlayerTeamGPMinGAGAAWLSO
Phil ParkesVancouver Whitecaps 3 270 3 1.00 1 2 1
Alan MayerSan Diego Sockers 3 225 3 1.00 1 1 0
Steve HardwickDetroit Express 3 306 4 1.33 2 1 2
Mick PoolePortland Timbers 5 457 8 1.60 3 2 1
Winston DuBoseTampa Bay Rowdies 6 574 10 1.67 3 3 1

Post season awards

  • Most Valuable Player: Mike Flanagan, New England
  • Coach of the Year: Tony Waiters, Vancouver
  • Rookie of the Year: Gary Etherington, Cosmos
  • North American Player of the Year: Bob Lenarduzzi, Vancouver[29]

Team attendance totals

[30]
ClubGamesTotalAverage
Cosmos15717,84247,856
Minnesota Kicks15462,90430,860
Seattle Sounders15338,67722,578
Tampa Bay Rowdies15271,85618,124
Vancouver Whitecaps15235,86615,724
San Jose Earthquakes15214,77714,318
Detroit Express15182,90612,194
New England Tea Men15180,95412,064
Oakland Stompers15178,94111,929
Portland Timbers15177,04911,803
Tulsa Roughnecks15168,83411,256
California Surf15167,56911,171
Washington Diplomats15161,74110,783
Fort Lauderdale Strikers15157,18810,479
Los Angeles Aztecs15139,5149,301
Memphis Rogues15135,4829,032
Dallas Tornado15128,1498,543
Philadelphia Fury15121,1278,075
Houston Hurricane15116,2477,750
Colorado Caribous15111,2667,418
Rochester Lancers15101,4026,760
Toronto Metros-Croatia1593,5016,233
San Diego Sockers1577,1855,146
Chicago Sting1569,2674,618
OVERALL3604,710,24413,084

References

1. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Francis steals Express' show |date=July 13, 1978|publisher=Windsor Star|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=X1M_AAAAIBAJ&sjid=R1IMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1172,4173060&dq=express&hl=en|page=26 |accessdate=2012-06-18}}
2. ^{{cite book |title=NASL: A Complete Record Of The North American Soccer League | year=1989 | page=196}}
3. ^{{cite book |title=1979 Official North American Soccer League Guide | year=1979 | page=152}}
4. ^{{cite book |title=NASL: A Complete Record Of The North American Soccer League | year=1989 | page=199}}
5. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=NASL prepares for playoff wars |date=August 7, 1978|publisher=St. Petersburg Times|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fm5QAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QVoDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6836,5307686&dq=nasl&hl=en|page=7C |accessdate=2012-06-18}}
6. ^{{cite book |title=NASL: A Complete Record Of The North American Soccer League | year=1989 | page=204}}
7. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Chinaglia powers Cosmos |date=May 22, 1978|publisher=The Spokesman-Review|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=uPBLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4-0DAAAAIBAJ&pg=3138,3016869&dq=cosmos&hl=en|page=20 |accessdate=2012-06-18}}
8. ^{{cite book |title=NASL: A Complete Record Of The North American Soccer League | year=1989 | page=188}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kenn.com/the_blog/?p=496|title=Attendance Project: NASL|publisher=Kenn Tomasch|accessdate=June 13, 2012}}
10. ^{{cite book | title=Soccer In A Football World | year=2008 | pages=186–187}}
11. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=NASL May Add Six Teams |date=August 31, 1977|publisher=Sarasota Herald-Tribune|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0HMjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=a2cEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5920,6427093&dq=nasl+denver&hl=en |page=3-C |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
12. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Soccer League Eyes Expansion |date=October 13, 1977|publisher=The Spokesman-Review|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SPNLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0e0DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6760,5364998&dq=nasl+expansion&hl=en |page=26 |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
13. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Houston May Be Alive And Kicking In NASL |date=January 5, 1978|publisher=Evening Independent|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OeULAAAAIBAJ&sjid=j1gDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4289,721389&dq=nasl+expansion&hl=en |page=2-C |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
14. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=NASL Song: Rock Stars Get In Act |date=November 16, 1977|publisher=Evening Independent|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=MkZQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=TVgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6744,161105&dq=nasl+expansion&hl=en |page=2-C |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
15. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Tulsa Gets Team Hawaii |date=November 16, 1977|publisher=Milwaukee Sentinel|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wrkoAAAAIBAJ&sjid=kSkEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6924,3929234&dq=nasl+expansion&hl=en |page=16 |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
16. ^{{cite news |last=Tierney |first=Mike |title=Rowdies, Strikers Mates – But Not Cosmos |date=January 10, 1978|publisher=St. Petersburg Times|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nwIMAAAAIBAJ&sjid=j1kDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6425,492631&dq=nasl+alignment&hl=en |page=1C |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
17. ^{{cite book |title=1979 Official North American Soccer League Guide | year=1979 | page=367}}
18. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Minus A Star, Cosmos Shine |date=April 3, 1978|publisher=Evening Independent|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=gP8LAAAAIBAJ&sjid=VFgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6738,461247&dq=cosmos+strikers&hl=en |page=2-C |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
19. ^{{cite news|last=Pentz |first=Matt |title=In his own endearing way, Alan Hinton deals with cancer battle |date=February 13, 2015 |publisher=Seattle Times |url=http://seattletimes.com/html/sounders/2025695980_soundershinton14xml.html |page= |accessdate=2015-02-14 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150215072437/http://seattletimes.com/html/sounders/2025695980_soundershinton14xml.html |archivedate=2015-02-15 |df= }}
20. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Willey's Five Goals Propel Kicks |date=August 15, 1978|publisher=Ocala Star-Banner|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JrJPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=vQUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3863,4066077&dq=cosmos+kicks&hl=en |page=5B |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
21. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Express Fall To Strikers In OT |date=August 17, 1978|publisher=Lakeland Ledger|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3pFNAAAAIBAJ&sjid=CfsDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3678,5361003&dq=express+strikers&hl=en |page=4D |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
22. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Cosmos Cut Up Timbers |date=August 24, 1978|publisher=Evening Independent|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=MExQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=rlgDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6697,2177092&dq=timbers+cosmos&hl=en |page=2-C |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
23. ^{{cite news |last=Tierney |first=Mike |title=Cosmos Spoil Rowdies' Bid For Crown |date=August 28, 1978|publisher=St. Petersburg Times|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=dmlQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=NloDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4726,4218724&dq=timbers+cosmos&hl=en |page=1A |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
24. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Sale Of NASL Caribous Approved |date=October 4, 1978|publisher=Sarasota Herald-Tribune|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=miMhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=iGcEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1580,1859088&dq=nasl+atlanta&hl=en |page=4-D|accessdate=2012-06-12}}
25. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=NASL owners okay move to Edmonton |date=February 23, 1979|publisher=Lewiston Morning Tribune|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=d71eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=DjEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6067,8404990&dq=nasl+edmonton&hl=en |page=7B|accessdate=2012-06-12}}
26. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=Shootout Thriller: 32,000 See Stompers Edge Earthquakes |date=April 3, 1978|publisher=Modesto Bee|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ekohAAAAIBAJ&sjid=LIEFAAAAIBAJ&pg=851,1153310&dq=stompers&hl=en |page=B-3 |accessdate=2012-06-12}}
27. ^{{cite book |title=1979 Official North American Soccer League Guide | year=1979 | page=367 }}
28. ^{{cite news |last=Rosenblatt |first=Richard |title=Complicated Playoffs May Kick Out Best NASL Team |date=August 16, 1978|publisher=Sarasota Herald-Tribune|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=IP4jAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hmcEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6539,212651&dq=nasl+record+shootout&hl=en|page=1-C|accessdate=2013-07-03}}
29. ^{{cite news |last= |first= |title=NASL all-star team picked |date=August 26, 1978|work=Ellensburg Daily Record|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=860&dat=19780826&id=1YRUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=MI8DAAAAIBAJ&pg=1680,3577995|page=8 |accessdate=2013-07-02}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kenn.com/the_blog/?p=496|title=Attendance Project: NASL|publisher=Kenn Tomasch|accessdate=June 13, 2012}}
{{cite book |title=1979 Official North American Soccer League Guide |publisher=North American Soccer League |year=1979 |location=New York}}{{cite book|title=NASL: A Complete Record of the North American Soccer League |last=Jose |first=Colin |publisher=Breedon Books |year=1989 |location=Derby, England}}{{cite book|title=North American Soccer League Encyclopedia |last=Jose |first=Colin |publisher=St. Johann Press |year=2003 |location=Haworth, New Jersey}}{{cite book|title=Soccer In A Football World |last=Wangerin |first=David |publisher=Temple University Press |year=2008 |location=Philadelphia}}

External links

  • The Year in American Soccer – 1978
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20080501104955/http://home.att.net/~nasl/nasl.htm Chris Page's NASL Archive]
{{North American Soccer League (1966–85)}}

3 : North American Soccer League (1968–84) seasons|1978 in American soccer leagues|1978 North American Soccer League season
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/9/20 9:18:21