| 词条 | Gediminids |
| 释义 |
|surname = Gedimin ({{lang|lt|Gediminaičiai}},{{lang|sgs|Gedėmėnātē}}, {{lang|pl|Giedyminowicze}}, {{lang|be|Гедзімінавічы}}, {{lang|uk|Гедиміновичі}}, {{lang|ru|Гедиминовичи}}) |country = Grand Duchy of Lithuania |native_name = |native_name_lang = |titles = Grand Duke of Lithuania |coat of arms = COA of Gediminaičiai dynasty Lithuania.svg |caption =The Columns of Gediminas, symbol of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and coat of arms of the Gediminids |estates = |parent house = |styles = |image_size = 175px |alt = |founder = Gediminas |final ruler = Žygimantas Augustas |current head = |founding year = 1315 or 1316 |dissolution = |nationality = |cadet branches = }} The Gediminids ({{lang-lt|Gediminaičiai}}, {{lang-sgs|Gedėmėnātē}}, {{lang-pl|Giedyminowicze}}, {{lang-be|Гедзімінавічы}}, {{lang-uk|Гедиміновичі}}, {{lang-ru|Гедиминовичи}}) were a dynasty of monarchs in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that reigned from the 14th to the 16th century. One branch of this family, known as the Jagiellonian dynasty, reigned also in the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Hungary and Kingdom of Bohemia. Several other branches ranked among the leading aristocratic dynasties of Russia and Poland into recent times. Their monarchical title in Lithuanian primarily was, by some folkloristic data, kunigų kunigas ("Duke of Dukes"), and later on, didysis kunigas ("Great/High Duke") or, in a simple manner, kunigaikštis. In the 18th century, the latter form was changed into tautological didysis kunigaikštis, which nevertheless would be translated as "Grand Duke" (for its etymology, see Grand Prince). OriginThe origin of Gediminas himself is much debated. Some sources say he was Vytenis' ostler, others that he was of peasant stock. Some historians consider him as the son or grandson of Lithuanian or Yatvingian duke Skalmantas. Most scholars agree, however, that Gediminas was Vytenis' brother (the parentage of Vytenis is explained differently in various fake genealogies, compiled from the 16th century onwards; according to the latest Polish research, his parentage cannot be established).[1] Confirmed Gediminid rulers
Branches of the dynastyThe Eastern Orthodox branches of the family were mostly Ruthenian, which also was one of the two main languages of their established state. Some of these families (e.g., Czartoryski) later converted to Roman Catholicism and became thoroughly Polonized. Others (e.g., Galitzine) moved to Muscovy and became thoroughly Russified. In Poland, most Gediminid families (such as Olelkowicz-Słucki, Wiśniowiecki, Zbaraski) are extinct, but at least some families survive to the present: Korecki, Khovanski, Czartoryski, Sanguszko, and Koriatowicz-Kurcewicz. The Russian Gediminid families include Bulgakov, Golitsin, Kurakin, Khovansky, Trubetskoy, Mstislavsky, Belsky, and Volynsky. Gediminid descendantsI. The descendants of* Bujwid Vytianis Rex.King Lithuainia.
I. The descendants of Narimantas:
II. The descendants of Algirdas:
III. The descendants of Kęstutis (faded in the second half of the 15th century) IV. The descendants of Jaunutis:
V. The descendants of Liubartas (faded in the first half of the 15th century) VI. {{Interlanguage link multi|Koriatowicz|uk|3=Коріятовичі|vertical-align=sup}}, descended from Karijotas
Family tree(? – c. 1292) G. Duke of Lith., c. 1285 – c. 1292}}{{familytree | |!| }}{{familytree | BUD | BUD=Budvydas-Pukuveras Bujwid (? – c. 1296) G. Duke of Lith., c. 1292 – c. 1296}}{{familytree | |)|-|-|-|.| }}{{familytree | VYT | | GED | VYT=Vytenis Bujwid (? – 1316) G. Duke of Lith., c. 1296–1316 | GED=Gediminas (c. 1275–1341) G. Duke of Lith., 1316–1341}}{{familytree | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| }}{{familytree | JAU | | ALG | | KES | JAU=Jaunutis (?) G. Duke of Lith., 1341–1345 | ALG=Algirdas (c. 1296–1377) G. Duke of Lith., 1345–1377 | KES=Kęstutis (1297–1382) }}{{familytree | |,|-|-|-|(| | | |)|-|-|-|.| }}{{familytree | LAD | | SVI | | VYT | | ZYG | LAD=Ladislaus (Jogaila) (c. 1351–1434) G. Duke of Lith., 1377–1401 King of Poland, 1386–1434 | SVI=Švitrigaila (c. 1370–1452) G. Duke of Lith., 1430–1432 | VYT=Vytautas (1352–1430) G. Duke of Lith., 1401–1430 | ZYG=Žygimantas Kęstutaitis (? – 1440) G. Duke of Lith., 1432–1440 }}{{familytree | |:| }}{{familytree | JAG | JAG=Jagiellon branch (Jogailaičiai) | boxstyle=border: 1px dashed; }}{{familytree/end}} See also
References1. ^Jan Tęgowski, "Pierwsze pokolenia Gedyminowiczów", 1999 External links
2 : Dynasty genealogy|Gediminids |
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