| 词条 | 1985 Polish legislative election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = 1985 Polish legislative election | country = Poland | type = legislative | ongoing = no | previous_election = 1980 Polish legislative election | previous_year = 1980 | next_election = 1989 Polish legislative election | next_year = 1989 | seats_for_election = All 460 seats in the Sejm | election_date = {{Start date|df=yes|1985|10|13}} | image1 = | leader1 = Wojciech Jaruzelski | leader_since1 =18 October 1981 | party1 = Polish United Workers' Party | leaders_seat1 = | last_election1 = 261 | seats1 = 245 | seat_change1 = {{decrease}} 16 | image2 = | leader2 = Roman Malinowski | leader_since2 = 1981 | party2 = United People's Party (Poland) | leaders_seat2 = | last_election2 = 113 | seats2 = 106 | seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 7 | image3 = | leader3 = {{nowrap|Tadeusz Witold Młyńczak}} | leader_since3 = 1976 | party3 = Democratic Party (Poland) | leaders_seat3 = | last_election3 = 37 | seats3 = 39 | seat_change3 = {{increase}} 2 }} Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 13 October 1985.[1] According to the Constitution of 1952 the elections should have been held every 4 years, that is in the spring of 1984, but since the internal political situation was still considered "unstable" even after the repealing in 1983 of the Martial Law, the Sejm voted to extend its own term at first indefinitely (on February 13, 1984) and then until August 31, 1985 (on December 3, 1984), fixing the elections to be held not beyond the end of 1985. As was the case in previous elections, only candidates approved by the Communist regime (coalesced under the Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth, replacing the similar Front of National Unity) were permitted on the ballot. The outcome was thus not in doubt, nevertheless the regime was hoping for a high turnout, which it could then claim as evidence of strong support for the government among the population. The opposition from the Solidarity movement called for a boycott of the elections. According to official figures 78.9% of the electorate turned out to vote.[2] This turnout, while relatively high, was much lower than the nearly 100% turnout which was reported in previous elections. The results, like with the other elections in communist Poland, were controlled by the communist government. The results of the 1985 election were duplicating, exactly, the results of the 1965 to 1972 elections, which were only marginally different from those of the preceding years. It was the last election in Communist Poland in which no real opposition candidates were allowed to participate. The following election in 1989, in which opposition parties could put up candidates for a portion of the seats, resulted in a convincing opposition victory followed by the downfall of the Communist system. Results
As the other parties and "independents" were in fact subordinate to PZPR, its control of the Sejm was, in fact, total.[3][4] References1. ^Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1491 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}} {{Polish elections}}{{Poland-election-stub}}2. ^Nohlen & Stöver, p1503 3. ^{{cite book|author1=Andrzej Paczkowski|author2=Jane Cave|title=The spring will be ours: Poland and the Poles from occupation to freedom|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WoKQWem2yl4C&pg=PA229|accessdate=3 June 2011|year=2003|publisher=Penn State Press|isbn=978-0-271-02308-3|page=229}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Norman Davies|title=God's Playground: 1795 to the present|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EBpghdZeIwAC&pg=PA459|accessdate=3 June 2011|date=May 2005|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-12819-3|page=459}} 5 : 1985 in Poland|Parliamentary elections in Poland|1985 elections in Europe|October 1985 events in Europe|Elections in socialist states |
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