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词条 Gelora Bung Karno Stadium
释义

  1. Naming history

  2. Development

  3. Events hosted

     International 

  4. Recent tournament results

     2002 AFF Championship  2004 AFF Championship  2007 AFC Asian Cup  2008 AFF Championship  2010 AFF Championship  2011 Southeast Asian Games  2018 AFC U-19 Championship  2018 AFF Championship 

  5. Other uses

  6. Concerts and shows

  7. Recent renovations

  8. Gallery

  9. Footnotes

  10. Bibliography

  11. See also

  12. External links

{{redirect|Gelora Bung Karno|the smaller stadium nearby|Gelora Bung Karno Madya Stadium|the entire sports complex|Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex}}{{coord|6|13|6.88|S|106|48|9.04|E|region:ID_type:landmark_scale:3700|display=title}}{{Infobox stadium
| stadium_name = Gelora Bung Karno Main Stadium
| native_name = Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno
| nickname = GBK, SUGBK, Stadion Utama, Stadion Senayan
| logo_image =
| logo_caption =
| image =https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn%3AANd9GcRyiNbc79KW97jow7FykT7yFwzcIvMYPpFy35LJ7SvXIzJni3df
| image_size = 300px
| caption =
| location = Gelora, Tanah Abang, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
| coordinates = {{coord|6|13|7|S|106|48|9|E|type:landmark}}
| broke_ground = 8 February 1960 (entire complex)
| opened = 21 July 1962
| reopened = 14 January 2018
| former_names = {{nowrap|Senayan Main Stadium}}
(until 24 September 1962)
{{nowrap|Gelora Senayan Main Stadium}} (1969–17 January 2001)
| closed = 2016–2018
| renovated = 2016–2017
| demolished =
| publictransit = Gelora Bung Karno
Senayan JCC
Palmerah Station
Istora Station
| website = [https://gbk.id/stadion-utama/ GBK.id/stadion-utama/]
| owner = Government of Indonesia
{{nowrap|(via Ministry of State Secretariat)}}
| operator = Pusat Pengelolaan Komplek Gelora Bung Karno (Gelora Bung Karno Complex Management Center)
| surface = Zeon Zoysia[1]
| architect = Frederich Silaban
| cost = $12,500,000 (1958, entire complex)
Rp769.69 billion (2016–2017)[2]
| tenants = Indonesia national football team
Persija Jakarta (2008–2016, 2018–present)[3][4]
| capacity = 77,193[5]
{{Collapsible list|title=Capacity history|110,000 (1962–2007)
88,306 (2007–2016)
77,193 (2018–present)}}
| record_attendance = {{formatnum: 150,000}}
{{nowrap|Persib Bandung v PSMS Medan}}
(23 February 1985)[6]{{Dubious|date=October 2018}}
| dimensions = {{convert|105|by|68|m|abbr=on}}
| suites = 4[7]
}}

Gelora Bung Karno Main Stadium ({{lang-id|Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno}}; literally "Bung Karno Sports Arena Main Stadium"), formerly Gelora Senayan Main Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium located at the center of the Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex in Central Jakarta, Indonesia. The stadium is named after Sukarno, Indonesia's first President. It is mostly used for football matches.

When first opened prior to the 1962 Asian Games, the stadium had a seating capacity of 110,000. It has been reduced twice: first to 88,306 in 2006 for the 2007 AFC Asian Cup and second to 77,193[5] between 2016 and 2017 for the 2018 Asian Games and Asian Para Games. In the 2016–17 renovations, all spectator benches are replaced by single seats. The 88,306 capacity once made it the 7th largest association football stadium in the world. Today it is the 28th largest association football stadium in the world and 7th largest association football stadium in Asia. Since its opening, it holds record as the largest stadium in Indonesia.

The 2007 AFC Asian Cup Final took place in the stadium. During the 2018 Asiad, the stadium hosted the opening and closing ceremonies and also its entire athletics events in between, while it used as the opening ceremony and athletics competition venue for the 2018 Asian Paralympics.

Naming history

Although the stadium is popularly known as Gelora Bung Karno Stadium (Stadion Gelora Bung Karno) or GBK Stadium, its official name is Gelora Bung Karno Main Stadium (Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno), as there are other stadiums in the Gelora Bung Karno Sports Complex, such as the Sports Palace and the secondary stadium. It was known as Senajan (EYD: Senayan) Main Stadium from its opening through the 1962 Asiad until the complex's name was changed to Gelora Bung Karno by a Presidential Decree issued on 24 September 1962, twenty days after the games ended. During the New Order era, the complex was renamed "Gelora Senayan Complex" and the stadium was renamed "Gelora Senayan Main Stadium" in 1969 under the "de-Sukarnoization" policy by then-President Suharto. After the fall of the dictatorship, the complex name was reverted by President Abdurrahman Wahid on a Presidential Decree effective since 17 January 2001.

Development

Construction began on 8 February 1960 and finished on 21 July 1962,[8] in time to host the following month's Asian Games. Its construction was partially funded through a special loan from the Soviet Union. The stadium's original capacity of 110,000 people was reduced to 88,306 as a result of renovations for the 2007 AFC Asian Cup.[9] It is divided into 24 sectors and 12 entrances, and into upper and lower stands. The special feature of this stadium is the huge steel roof construction that forms a gigantic ring called temu gelang (joined ring), something that was very rare in 1962. Other than to shade the spectators in all sectors from the heat of tropical sun, the purpose of this giant ring construction is also to emphasize the grandeur of the stadium.[10]

Events hosted

GBK Stadium hosted the 2007 Asian Cup Final between Iraq and Saudi Arabia. Other competitions held there are several Tiger Cup finals and domestic cup finals.

International

  • Host of the 1962 and 2018 Asian Games
  • Host of the 2018 Asian Para Games
  • Host of the 1963 Games of the New Emerging Forces
  • Host of Southeast Asian Games (in 1979, 1987, 1997, and 2011)
  • Host of the Asian Athletics Championships (in 1985, 1995, and 2000)
  • Host of the 2002 Tiger Cup for 9 out of 10 Group A matches, semifinal matches, third place play-off, and the final.
  • Host of the 2003 ASEAN Club Championship.
  • Host of the 2004 Tiger Cup first leg semifinal match against Malaysia and first leg final match against Singapore.
  • Host of the 2007 AFC Asian Cup for 5 out of 6 Group D matches, quarterfinals between Saudi Arabia and Uzbekistan, and the final.
  • Host of the 2008 AFF Suzuki Cup for first leg semifinal match against Thailand
  • Host for the F.C. Bayern Munich 2008 Post-season Tour
  • Host of the 2010 AFF Suzuki Cup for 5 out of 6 Group A matches, semifinal matches against the Philippines, and second leg final match against Malaysia
  • Host for the LA Galaxy 2011 Asia-Pacific Post-season Tour
  • Host for all 2 matches of the Inter Milan 2012 Post-season Tour
  • Host for the Valencia CF 2012 Asia Preseason Tour (their only match outside Europe)
  • Host for the Arsenal F.C. 2013 Asia Preseason Tour
  • Host for the Liverpool F.C. 2013 Asia Preseason Tour
  • Host for the Chelsea F.C. 2013 Asia Preseason Tour
  • Host for the Juventus F.C. 2014 Asia Preseason Tour
  • Host of the 2014 Asian Dream Cup against Park Ji-sung and Friends, featuring footballers and celebrities, including the cast of Running Man.
  • Host for the A.S. Roma 2015 Asia Preseason Tour
  • Host of the 2018 AFC U-19 Championship
  • Host of Indonesia's home match at the 2018 AFF Championship

Recent tournament results

2002 AFF Championship

{{clear}}
DateTime (UTC+07)Team #1Res.Team #2RoundAttendance
15 December 200217:05IDN}}0–0MYA|1974}}Group stage40,000
15 December 200219:35{{fb>VIE}}9–2CAM}}Group stageN/A
17 December 200216:05PHI}}1–6{{fb>MYA|1974}}Group stageN/A
17 December 200218:35{{fb>IDN}}4–2CAM}}Group stage20,000
19 December 200216:05{{fb>MYA|1974}}5–0CAM}}Group stageN/A
19 December 200218:35{{fb>VIE}}4–1PHI}}Group stageN/A
21 December 200216:05{{fb>CAM}}1–0PHI}}Group stageN/A
21 December 200218:35IDN}}2–2VIE}}Group stage30,000
23 December 200218:35{{fb>IDN}}13–1PHI}}Group stage50,340
27 December 200216:00VIE}}0–4{{fb>THA}}SemifinalsN/A
27 December 200219:00{{fb>IDN}}1–0MAS}}Semifinals50,000
29 December 200216:00{{fb>VIE}}2–1MAS}}Third place play-offN/A
29 December 200219:00IDN}}2–2 (a.e.t.)
(2–4 pen.)		{{fb>THA}}Final100,000

2004 AFF Championship

{{clear}}
DateTime (UTC+07)Team #1Res.Team #2RoundAttendance
28 December 200419:45IDN}}1–2{{fb>MAS}}Semifinals first legN/A
8 January 200519:45IDN}}1–3{{fb>SIN}}Finals first legN/A

2007 AFC Asian Cup

{{clear}}
DateTime (UTC+07)Team #1Res.Team #2RoundAttendance
10 July 200717:15{{fb>IDN}}2–1BHR}}Group D60,000
11 July 200719:30KOR|1997}}1–1KSA}}Group D15,000
14 July 200719:30{{fb>KSA}}2–1IDN}}Group D88,000
15 July 200719:30{{fb>BHR}}2–1KOR|1997}}Group D9,000
18 July 200717:15IDN}}0–1{{fb>KOR|1997}}Group D88,000
22 July 200720:15{{fb>KSA}}2–1UZB}}Quarter-finals12,000
29 July 200719:30{{fb>IRQ|2004}}1–0KSA}}Final60,000

2008 AFF Championship

{{clear}}
DateTime (UTC+07)Team #1Res.Team #2RoundAttendance
5 December 200817:00{{fb>SIN}}5–0CAM}}Group stage18,000
5 December 200819:30{{fb>IDN}}3–0MYA|1974}}Group stage40,000
7 December 200817:00{{SIN}} 3–1MYA|1974}}Group stage21,000
7 December 200819:30CAM}}0–4{{fb>IDN}}Group stage30,000
9 December 200819:30IDN}}0–2{{fb>SIN}}Group stage50,000
16 December 200819:00IDN}}0–1{{fb>THA}}Semifinals first leg70,000

2010 AFF Championship

{{clear}}
DateTime (UTC+07)Team #1Res.Team #2RoundAttendance
1 December 201017:00THA}}2–2LAO}}Group stageN/A
1 December 201019:30{{fb>IDN}}5–1MAS}}Group stage62,000
4 December 201017:00THA}}0–0MAS}}Group stageN/A
4 December 201019:30LAO}}0–6{{fb>IDN}}Group stageN/A
7 December 201019:30{{fb>IDN}}2–1THA}}Group stage65,000
16 December 201019:00PHI}}0–1{{fb>IDN}}Semifinals first leg70,000
19 December 201019:00{{fb>IDN}}1–0PHI}}Semifinals second leg88,000
29 December 201019:00{{fb>IDN}}2–1MAS}}Finals second leg88,000

2011 Southeast Asian Games

{{clear}}
DateTime (UTC+07)Team #1Res.Team #2RoundAttendance
3 November 201116.00{{fbu>23|VIE}}3–123|PHI}}Group stageN/A
3 November 201119.0023|LAO}}2–3{{fbu>23|MYA}}Group stageN/A
7 November 201116.0023|SIN}}0–023|MAS}}Group stageN/A
7 November 201119.00{{fbu>23|IDN}}6–023|LAO}}Group stageN/A
9 November 201116.00{{fbu>23|MAS}}2–123|THA}}Group stageN/A
9 November 201119.0023|CAM}}1–2{{fbu>23|SIN}}Group stageN/A
11 November 201114.0023|SIN}}0–2{{fbu>23|IDN}}Group stageN/A
11 November 201117.00{{fbu>23|THA}}4–023|CAM}}Group stageN/A
13 November 201116.00{{fbu>23|MAS}}4–123|CAM}}Group stageN/A
13 November 201119.00{{fbu>23|IDN}}3–123|THA}}Group stageN/A
17 November 201116.0023|THA}}0–2{{fbu>23|SIN}}Group stageN/A
17 November 201119.0023|IDN}}0–1{{fbu>23|MAS}}Group stageN/A
19 November 201116.00{{fbu>23|MAS}}1–023|MYA}}SemifinalsN/A
19 November 201119.0023|VIE}}0–2{{fbu>23|IDN}}SemifinalsN/A
21 November 201119.30{{fbu>23|MAS}}1–1 (a.e.t.)
(4–3 pen.)		23|IDN}}Gold medal matchN/A

2018 AFC U-19 Championship

{{clear}}
DateTime (UTC+07)Team #1ResultTeam #2RoundAttendance
18 October 201816.00{{fbu>20|UAE}}2–120|QAT|}}Group stage2,124
18 October 201819.00{{fbu>20|IDN}}3–120|TPE}}Group stage17,320
21 October 201816.0020|TPE}}1–8{{fbu>20|UAE}}Group stage4,781
21 October 201819.00{{fbu>20|QAT}}6–520|IDN}}Group stage38,217
24 October 201819.00{{fbu>20|IDN}}1–020|UAE}}Group stage30,022
28 October 201816.00{{fbu>20|QAT}}7–3 (a.e.t.)20|THA}}Quarter-finals16,758
28 October 201819.30{{fbu>20|JPN}}2–020|IDN}}Quarter-finals60,154

2018 AFF Championship

{{clear}}
DateTime (UTC+07)Team #1ResultTeam #2RoundAttendance
13 November 201819.00{{INA}}3–1{{TLS}}Group stage15,138
25 November 201819.00{{INA}}0–0{{PHI}}Group stage15,436

Other uses

Other than sports, the stadium is also used for other events such as national ceremonies, political gatherings, admission exams, religious affairs, concerts, etc. Notable events include:

  • The Grand Catholic mass led by Pope John Paul II, in October 1989[11]
  • The 100th anniversary of Indonesian National Awakening day, 20 May 2008[12]
  • The political rally for both of parliamentary and also presidential elections in 2004, 2009, and 2014
  • Christmas event jointly organized by the Indonesia Bethel Church for the whole district since 2006 until now (only absent in 2012)
  • Indonesia Tiberias Church Christmas Services since 2000 until now (except in 2016 and 2017)[13]
  • HKBP Jubileum (147th in 2007 and 150th in 2011)
  • The 85th anniversary of Nahdlatul Ulama (2011)[14]
  • Admission exams for thousands Indonesian Ministry of Health civil servants applicants on 3 November 2013[15]

Concerts and shows

DateArtistsEventsAttendance
4 & 5 December 1975Deep Purple{{n/a}}150,000
30 December 1988Mick Jagger{{n/a}}70,000
December 1993Michael JacksonDangerous World Tour{{cancelled}}
21 September 2011Linkin ParkA Thousand Suns World Tour25,000
22 September 2012title=Performers|Kangta
BoA
TVXQ
Super Junior
Super Junior-M
f(x)
SHINee
Girls' Generation
EXO}}		SM Town Live World Tour III50,000
9 March 2013title=Performers|Super Junior
Eru
Sistar
Teen Top
2PM
BEAST
SHINee
INFINITE}}		Music Bank World Tour25,000
25 August 2013Metallica{{n/a}}60,000
13 December 2013Slank{{n/a}}{{n/a}}
23 August 2014title=Performers|Super Junior-M
Noah
Mahadewa
Ungu
Kotak
Repvblik
Agnez Mo
Ayu Ting Ting
Al, El, Dul
Regina Ivanova
Fatin Shidqia
Novita Dewi
Nowela Auparay
Husein Alatas
JKT48
Bastian Steel}}		RCTI 25th Anniversary{{n/a}}
25 March 2015One DirectionOn the Road Again Tour43,032
11 September 2015Bon JoviBon Jovi Live!40,000
8 November 2018Guns N' RosesNot in This Lifetime... Tour{{n/a}}
3 May 2019Ed Sheeran÷ Tour{{tba}}

Recent renovations

Indonesia hosted the 2018 Asian Games and 2018 Asian Para Games and the Gelora Bung Karno Main Stadium was chosen as both Games' main venue. Due to the age of this stadium, which already exceeded fifty years, the government renovated the stadium in order to meet the standards made by the Olympic Council of Asia. All of the colorful wooden long benches (bleachers) that still remained when the renovation commenced were scrapped and replaced with single seats, ultimately made it an all-seater stadium. The old single seats which had been installed during earlier renovation were also replaced. The seats, colored red, white, and grey, created an illusion of waving Indonesian flag.

Its lighting system was upgraded from 1200 lux to 3500 lux.[16][17] On the stadium's roof, there are 1,293 solar panels installed.[18] After renovation, the stadium accommodates the needs of disabled users.[19]

Gallery

Footnotes

1. ^{{cite web| author = Rindi Nuris Velarosdela |date=4 September 2018 |url=https://megapolitan.kompas.com/read/2018/09/04/21141231/mengenal-rumput-zeon-zoysia-jenis-rumput-terbaik-yang-dipasang-di-stadion |title= Mengenal Rumput Zeon Zoysia, Jenis Rumput Terbaik yang Dipasang di Stadion GBK|work=Kompas.com |access-date=15 September 2018}}
2. ^{{cite news | author = Ahmad Fawwaz Usman |date=8 August 2017 |url=http://bola.liputan6.com/read/3051374/menuju-asian-games-2018-renovasi-gbk-nyaris-rampung |title= Menuju Asian Games 2018, Renovasi GBK Nyaris Rampung|work=Liputan6.com |access-date=30 November 2017}}
3. ^[https://m.bola.com/indonesia/read/2482223/persija-hanya-bermarkas-di-senayan-hingga-jelang-bulan-ramadhan Persija Hanya Bermarkas di Senayan hingga Jelang Bulan Ramadhan]
4. ^[https://bolalob.com/read/101173/hadapi-persela-persija-kembali-ke-senayan Hadapi Persela, Persija Kembali ke Senayan]
5. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://reservation.gbk.id/venue/id_stadion-utama-gelora-bung-karno |title= E-Booking Stadion Utama Gelora Bung Karno |website=gbk.id |access-date=3 October 2018}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://bola.kompas.com/read/2017/03/25/11131398/jelang.psms.vs.persib.kenangan.rekor.150.000.penonton.di.senayan|title=Jelang PSMS vs Persib, Kenangan Rekor 150.000 Penonton di Senayan|publisher=Kompas Gramedia Group|work=Kompas.com|date=25 March 2017|accessdate=10 December 2017|language=id}}
7. ^{{Cite news|url=https://sport.detik.com/sepakbola/foto-sepakbola/d-3812384/stadion-utama-gbk-juga-dilengkapi-empat-sky-box/|title=Stadion Utama GBK juga Dilengkapi Empat Sky Box|last=Zafna|first=Grandyos|work=Detik.com|access-date=21 January 2018|date=12 January 2018|language=id}}
8. ^Bung Karno Stadium in Jakarta, Bung Karno Stadium, Bung Karno Stadium in Jakarta, Indonesia
9. ^Indonesia v Bahrain (Group D) in Jakarta
10. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=-mvqG8YbuHQC&pg=PA82&lpg=PA82&dq=Temu+Gelang+Gelora&source=bl&ots=bWx2qd71mq&sig=6HVUtaHqhHlzSyHHeLkB48IBcjY&hl=id&ei=62D-TIHCGoTlrAfd5ZyHCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6&ved=0CDMQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Temu%20Gelang%20Gelora&f=false M.F. Siregar, Matahari Olahraga Indonesia, page 82-83]
11. ^Tempo online: Sang Gembala Itu Telah Datang
12. ^Rangkaian Peringatan 100 Tahun Kebangkitan Nasional
13. ^{{Cite web|language=id|date=9 December 2018|url=https://www.jawaban.com/read/article/id/2018/12/09/91/181209113244/setelah_dua_tahungti_kembali_rayakan_natal_di_gbk|title=Setelah Dua Tahun, GTI Kembali Rayakan Natal di GBK|last=Jawaban.com|first=CBN Indonesia 2014-|website=jawaban.com|access-date=10 December 2018}}
14. ^{{cite web|language=id|date=17 July 2011 |url=https://nasional.tempo.co/read/346934/30-ribu-banser-amankan-harlah-nu-di-gelora-bung-karno |title= 30 Ribu Banser Amankan Harlah NU di Gelora Bung Karno|work=Tempo.co |access-date=10 December 2017}}
15. ^Ujian CPNS di Gelora Bung Karno
16. ^{{cite news |last=Rahmat |first=Arby |date=12 January 2018 |title= Lampu Stadion GBK Saingi San Siro Milan|url=https://www.cnnindonesia.com/olahraga/20180112075320-142-268307/lampu-stadion-gbk-saingi-san-siro-milan|work=CNN Indonesia |access-date=14 January 2018|language=id}}
17. ^{{cite news|last1=Baskoro|first1=Rangga|title=SU GBK Jadi Stadion Paling Terang Di Asia|url=http://wartakota.tribunnews.com/2018/01/12/su-gbk-jadi-stadion-paling-terang-di-asia|accessdate=12 January 2018|work=Tribunnews.com|date=12 January 2018|language=id}}
18. ^{{cite news|last1=Diah|first1=Femi|title=Wajah Terkini Stadion Utama GBK: Rasa Baru yang Makin Merah Putih|url=https://sport.detik.com/sport-lain/d-3663511/wajah-terkini-stadion-utama-gbk-rasa-baru-yang-makin-merah-putih|accessdate=12 January 2018|work=Detik.com|date=29 September 2017|language=id}}
19. ^{{cite news|last1=Raya|first1=Mercy|title=Stadion Utama GBK Sudah Lebih Ramah Disabilitas|url=https://sport.detik.com/sepakbola/liga-indonesia/3811762/stadion-utama-gbk-sudah-lebih-ramah-disabilitas|accessdate=12 January 2018|work=Detik.com|date=12 January 2018|language=id}}

Bibliography

  • {{Citation | last = Pour | first = Julius | title = Dari Gelora Bung Karno ke Gelora Bung Karno | publisher = Grasindo | place = Jakarta | year = 2004 | language = Indonesian | isbn = 978-979-732-444-5 | postscript = .}}

See also

  • List of stadiums by capacity

External links

{{Commons category|Gelora Bung Karno Stadium}}
  • [https://gbk.id/stadion-utama/ Profile on GBK Sports Complex Official Website]
{{s-start}}{{s-sta|et}}{{succession box
| before = 700th Anniversary Stadium
Chiang Mai
| title = Southeast Asian Games Athletics Competitions
Main Venue
| years = 1997
| after = Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Stadium
Bandar Seri Begawan
}}{{succession box
| title = AFC Asian Cup
Final Venue
| years = 2007
| before = Workers Stadium
Beijing
| after= Khalifa Stadium
Doha
}}{{s-bef|before=Incheon Asiad Main Stadium
Incheon}}{{s-ttl|title=Asian Games
Opening and Closing Ceremonies|years=2018}}{{s-aft|after=Hangzhou Sports Park Stadium
Hangzhou}}{{s-bef|before=Incheon Asiad Main Stadium
Incheon}}{{s-ttl|title=Asian Games
Main Stadium|years=2018}}{{s-aft|after=Hangzhou Sports Park Stadium
Hangzhou}}{{s-end}}{{Asian Games stadia}}{{2007 AFC Asian Cup stadiums}}{{Persija Jakarta}}

17 : Persija Jakarta|Multi-purpose stadiums in Indonesia|Sports venues in Jakarta|Football venues in Indonesia|Athletics (track and field) venues in Indonesia|AFC Asian Cup stadiums|Sports venues in Indonesia|National stadiums|Stadiums of the Asian Games|Sports venues completed in 1962|Post-independence architecture of Indonesia|Music venues in Indonesia|1962 establishments in Indonesia|Central Jakarta|Venues of the 2018 Asian Games|Indonesia–Soviet Union relations|Soviet foreign aid
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