| 词条 | 1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season |
| 释义 |
| Basin=NIO | Year=1994 | Track=1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season summary.jpg | First storm formed=March 21, 1994 | Last storm dissipated=November 20, 1994 | Strongest storm name=BOB 02 | Strongest storm pressure=940 | Strongest storm winds=115 | Average wind speed=3 | Total disturbances=5, 3 unofficial | Total depressions=4, 2 unofficial | Total storms=4 | Total hurricanes=2 | Total intense=2 | Total super=0 | Fatalities=315 | Damages=12.5 | Damagespre=> | Inflated= | five seasons=1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 |Atlantic season=1994 Atlantic hurricane season |East Pacific season=1994 Pacific hurricane season |West Pacific season=1994 Pacific typhoon season }} The 1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was the period in which tropical cyclones formed within the north Indian Ocean. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form within this basin between April and December. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean — the Bay of Bengal to the east of the Indian subcontinent and the Arabian Sea to the west of India. The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center releases unofficial advisories. An average of four to six storms form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November. Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD. {{Clear|right}}Season summaryImageSize = width:900 height:200 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:50 left:20 Legend = columns:3 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/03/1994 till:01/01/1995 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:01/03/1994 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0.5,0.8,1) legend:Depression_=_≤51_km/h_(≤31_mph) id:DD value:rgb(0.37,0.73,1) legend:Deep_Depression_=_52–61_km/h_(32–38_mph) id:TS value:rgb(0,0.98,0.96) legend:Cyclonic_Storm_=_62–87_km/h_(39–54_mph) id:ST value:rgb(0.80,1,1) legend:Severe_Cyclonic_Storm_=_88–119_km/h_(55–73_mph) id:VS value:rgb(1,1,0.8) legend:Very_Severe_Cyclonic_Storm_=_118–165_km/h_(73–102_mph) id:ES value:rgb(1,0.76,0.25) legend:Extremely_Severe_Cyclonic_Storm_=_166–221_km/h_(103–137_mph) id:SU value:rgb(1,0.38,0.38) legend:Super_Cyclonic_Storm_=_≥222_km/h_(≥138_mph) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:Month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:21/03/1994 till:24/03/1994 color:TD text:BOB 01 from:29/04/1994 till:06/05/1994 color:ES text:BOB 02 from:05/06/1994 till:09/06/1994 color:ST text:ARB 01 from:29/10/1994 till:31/10/1994 color:ST text:BOB 03 from:15/11/1994 till:21/11/1994 color:VS text:ARB 02 bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:01/03/1994 till:31/03/1994 text:March from:01/04/1994 till:30/04/1994 text:April from:01/05/1994 till:31/05/1994 text:May from:01/06/1994 till:01/07/1994 text:June from:01/07/1994 till:01/08/1994 text:July from:01/08/1994 till:01/09/1994 text:August from:01/09/1994 till:01/10/1994 text:September from:01/10/1994 till:01/11/1994 text:October from:01/11/1994 till:01/12/1994 text:November from:01/12/1994 till:01/01/1995 text:December During 1994 a below average total of eight cyclonic disturbances were recorded during the year, by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) and Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC).{{#tag:ref|On average sixteen cyclonic disturbances and Six tropical cyclones develop during the year.[1]|name=Average|group="nb"}}[1][2] This included six systems in the Bay of Bengal and two systems over the Arabian Sea.[1][2] The first system occurred between March 21–24, but did not affect any land as it became the first cyclonic disturbance to form over the basin during March since 1939.[1] SystemsDepression BOB 01 (01B){{Infobox Hurricane Small|Basin=NIO |Formed=March 21 |Dissipated=March 24 |Image=Tropical Storm One 23 March 1994 0120z.png |Track=Cyclone 01B 1994 track.png |1-min winds=40 |3-min winds=25 }} On March 20, the JTWC started to monitor an area of convection, that had developed to the south-west of the Andaman Islands.[3] The system subsequently moved northwards and became the subject of a tropical cyclone formation alert, before it was declared a depression by the IMD late on March 21, as it peaked with 3-minute sustained windspeeds of 45 km/h (30 mph).[1][3] The system was subsequently classified as Tropical Cyclone 04B by the JTWC during the next day, before it peaked with 1-minute sustained wind speeds of 75 km/h (45 mph).[3] The system was subsequently last noted by the IMD during March 24, as it weakened into an area of low pressure, before the JTWC issued their final advisory early the next day as the system turned southwards over the sea.[1][3] {{Clear}}Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm BOB 02{{Infobox Hurricane Small|Basin=NIO |Formed=April 26 |Dissipated=May 2 |Image=BOB 01 2 May 1994 0155z.png |Track=Cyclone 02B 1994 track.png |3-min winds=115 |1-min winds=125 |Pressure=940 }} A tropical depression formed in the southeastern Bay of Bengal on April 26. It followed a path and intensity very similar to the 1991 Bangladesh Cyclone, and became a tropical storm on the 29th. On the 30th it became a cyclone while turning north-northeastward, and on May 2 the cyclone reached a peak of 145 mph winds. It weakened to a 130 mph cyclone before hitting near the Bangladesh/Myanmar border later that day. Massive evacuation efforts and minor storm surge due to a low tide led to 285 casualties, a fraction of the similar 1991 cyclone that killed 138,000. It still caused flooding amounting to $125 million (1994 USD). {{Clear}}Severe Cyclonic Storm ARB 01{{Infobox Hurricane Small|Basin=NIO |Formed=June 5 |Dissipated=June 9 |Image=Cyclone ARB 02 7 Jun 1994 1221z.png |Track=Cyclone 03A 1994 track.png |3-min winds=55 |1-min winds=45 |Pressure=980 }} On June 5, a surface low organized into a tropical depression over western India. It moved to the west, becoming a tropical storm on the 7th and reached a peak of 50 mph later that day. The storm steadily weakened before dissipating over Oman on the 9th. {{Clear}}Deep Depression{{Infobox Hurricane Small|Basin=NIO |Formed=August 17 |Dissipated=August 21 |Image= |Track= |3-min winds=30 }}{{Clear}} Deep Depression{{Infobox Hurricane Small|Basin=NIO |Formed=October 4 |Dissipated=October 7 |Image= |Track= |3-min winds=30 }}{{Clear}} Severe Cyclonic Storm BOB 03{{Infobox Hurricane Small|Basin=NIO |Formed=October 28 |Dissipated=October 31 |Image=Cyclone BOB 03 30 Oct 1994 1403z.png |Track=Cyclone 04B 1994 track.png |3-min winds=60 |1-min winds=45 |Pressure=988 }} A tropical disturbance developed into a tropical depression over the western Bay of Bengal on October 28. It headed slowly westward, reaching tropical storm strength and a peak of 70 mph before hitting India and dissipating on the 31st. {{Clear}}Depression{{Infobox Hurricane Small|Basin=NIO |Formed=November 4 |Dissipated=November 5 |Image= |Track= |3-min winds=25 }}{{Clear}} Very Severe Cyclonic Storm ARB 02{{Infobox Hurricane Small|Basin=NIO |Formed=November 13 |Dissipated=November 20 |Image= |Track=Cyclone 05A 1994 track.png |3-min winds=65 |1-min winds=55 |Pressure=984 }} An area of convection consolidated into Tropical Depression 5A on November 13 in the Arabian Sea. After moving northwestward, it turned to the west-southwest, strengthening to a tropical storm on the 16th and reaching a peak of 65 mph winds before hitting Somalia and dissipating on the 20th. There were 30 deaths in Somalia.[4] {{Clear}}Season effects{{North Indian Ocean areas affected (Top)}}|- | BOB 01 || {{sort|0321|March 21 – 24}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|D}}|{{Sort|0|Depression}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|D}}|{{Sort|045|45 km/h (30 mph)}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|D}}|{{sort|1010|Not Specified}} || None || None || None || |- | BOB 02 || {{Sort|0429|April 26 – May 2}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A4}}|{{Sort|05|Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A4}}|{{Sort|215|215 km/h (130 mph)}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A4}}|{{Sort|940|940 hPa (27.76 inHg)}} || Bangladesh, Myanmar || {{ntsp|125000000}} || 285 || |- | ARB 01 || {{Sort|0605|June 5 – 9}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A2}}|{{Sort|04|Severe Cyclonic Storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A2}}|{{sort|100|100 km/h (65 mph)}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A2}}|{{Sort|980|980 hPa (28.94 inHg)}} || Oman || || || |- | BOB 03 || {{Sort|1029|October 28 – 31}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A2}}|{{Sort|04|Severe Cyclonic Storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A2}}|{{sort|110|110 km/h (70 mph)}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A2}}|{{Sort|988|988 hPa (29.17 inHg)}} || India || || || |- | ARB 02 || {{Sort|1115|November 13 – 20}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A3}}|{{Sort|05|Very Severe Cyclonic Storm}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A3}}|{{Sort|120|120 km/h (75 mph)}} || bgcolor=#{{storm colour|A3}}|{{Sort|984|984 hPa (29.06 inHg)}} || Somalia || || 30 || |-{{TC Areas affected (Bottom)|TC's=5 Depressions|dates=March 21 – November 20|winds=120 km/h (75 mph)|pres=940 hPa (27.76 inHg) || damage=>{{ntsp|125000000||$}}|deaths=315|Refs=}} Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite report|author=Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre (RSMC) - Tropical Cyclones, New Delhi |publisher=India Meteorological Department |title=Report on Cyclonic Disturbances (Depressions and Tropical Cyclones) over North Indian Ocean in 1994 |archivedate=February 23, 2015 |pages=22–25 |chapter=2. Detailed description of cyclonic disturbances: 2.1 Pre-monsoon season (March–May) |deadurl=no |accessdate=February 23, 2015 |url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/archive/rsmc/1994.pdf |date=January 1995 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6WZ7del9N?url=http://www.rsmcnewdelhi.imd.gov.in/images/pdf/archive/rsmc/1994.pdf |df= }} 2. ^1 {{cite report|url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1994atcr.pdf|title=1994 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report|chapter=3.2 North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones|work=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|publisher=United States Navy, United States Airforce|accessdate=January 19, 2015}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite report|url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1990atcr.pdf|title=1990 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report|chapter=3.2 North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones|work=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|publisher=United States Navy, United States Airforce|accessdate=January 19, 2015}} 4. ^{{cite book|title=A Chronology of Weather|author1=Allaby, M.|author2=Garratt, R.|date=2004|publisher=Facts On File, Incorporated|isbn=9781438108629|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=0U-WUnVa7J4C|page=58|accessdate=June 7, 2015}} See also{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
References{{Reflist|2}}External links
1 : 1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season |
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