| 词条 | Genipa americana |
| 释义 |
| image = Genipa americana.jpg | image_caption = Flower of Genipa americana | genus = Genipa | species = americana | authority = L. | synonyms =
}} Genipa americana is a species of trees in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to the tropical forests of North and South America. DescriptionG. americana trees are up to 30 m tall and up to 60 cm dbh.[1][2][3] Their bark is smooth with little fissures.[3] The leaves are opposite, obovate, or obovate oblong, 10–35 cm long, 6–13 cm wide, and glossy dark green, with entire margin, acute or acuminate apex, and attenuated base.[1][4][2] The inflorescences are cymes up to 10 cm long.[1] The flowers are white to yellowish, slightly fragrant, calyx bell-shaped, corolla at 2–4.5 cm long, trumpet-shaped, and five- or six-lobed.[1][4][2] The five short stamens are inserted on top of the corolla tube.[4] The fruit is a thick-skinned edible greyish berry 10–12 cm long, 5–9 cm in diameter.[1][4]Distribution and habitatG. americana is native to the tropical forests of the Americas, from tropical Florida south to Argentina.[1][5][6] It is present from sea level up to 1200 m of elevation,[3] although some argue the original native range as being northern South America.[7]Vernacular namesColombia: jagua, caruto, huito;[3][5] Brazil: jenipapo, formerly genipapo;[3] Costa Rica: guaitil, tapaculo;[3] Nicaragua: tapaculo, yigualtí;[3] Mexico: shagua, xagua;[3] Perú: huito, vito;[5] Argentina: ñandipá;[5] Bolivia: bí[8]Chemical compoundsThe following compounds have been isolated from G. americana: genipic acid,[9] genipinic acid,[9] genipin[10] (all three from the fruit) and geniposidic acid (leaves).[9] UsesThe unripe fruit of G. americana yields a liquid used as a dye for tattoos, skin painting and insect repellent.[6] This species is also cultivated for its edible fruits, which are eaten in preserves or made into drinks, jelly, or ice cream.[6] The wood is reported to be resistant, strong, and easily worked; it is used in the making of utensils and in construction and carpentry.[2][3] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite book|url=|title=Descriptive Flora of Puerto Rico and Adjacent Islands|last=Liogier|first=Alain H.|date=1985|publisher=La Editorial, UPR|year=|isbn=9780847723386|location=|pages=97|language=en}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal|last=Francis|first=Macbride, J.|last2=E.|first2=Dahlgren, B.|date=1936|title=Flora of Peru /|url=|journal=Fieldiana|language=en|volume=v.13:pt.6:no.1 [Rubiaceae]|pages=106|via=}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{Cite book|url=|title=Manual de identificación de especies forestales con manejo certificable por comunidades|last=López|first=René|last2=Montero|first2=Martín|date=2005|publisher=Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas "SINCHI"|year=|isbn=9789589759745|location=|pages=|language=es|chapter=27 - Genipa americana}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{Cite book|url=|title=Food and Fruit-bearing Forest Species: Examples from Latin America|last=|first=|date=1986|publisher=FAO|year=|isbn=9789251023723|location=|pages=141|language=en}} 5. ^1 2 3 {{Cite book|url=|title=Dictionary of Trees, Volume 2: South America: Nomenclature, Taxonomy and Ecology|last=Grandtner|first=M. M.|last2=Chevrette|first2=Julien|date=2013|publisher=Academic Press|year=|isbn=9780123969545|location=|pages=263|language=en}} 6. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=|title=Mansfeld's Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: (Except Ornamentals)|last=Hanelt|first=Peter|last2=Research|first2=Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant|date=2001|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=|isbn=9783540410171|location=|pages=1775|language=en}} 7. ^{{Cite book|url=|title=Exotic Fruits and Nuts of the New World|last=Duarte|first=Odilo|last2=Paull|first2=Robert|date=2015|publisher=CABI|year=|isbn=9781780645056|location=|pages=284–285|language=en}} 8. ^{{Cite book|title=Diccionario enciclopédico cruceño, 3rd edition|last=Coimbra Sanz|first=Germán|publisher=Gobierno Autónomo Municipal de Santa Cruz|year=2014|isbn=|location=Santa Cruz de la Sierra|pages=54}} 9. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=|title=Dictionary of Terpenoids|last=Connolly|first=J.D.|last2=Hill|first2=R.A.|date=1991|publisher=CRC Press|year=|isbn=9780412257704|volume=1|location=|pages=49–50|language=en}} 10. ^{{Cite book|url=|title=Medicinal and Aromatic Plants IV|last=Bajaj|first=Y. P. S.|date=2012|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|year=|isbn=9783642770043|location=|pages=164|language=en}} External links{{Commonscat|Genipa americana}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2011}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q1353278}} 28 : Gardenieae|Trees of Brazil|Trees of Colombia|Trees of Costa Rica|Trees of Cuba|Trees of Ecuador|Trees of El Salvador|Trees of French Guiana|Trees of Guadeloupe|Trees of Guatemala|Trees of Guyana|Trees of Hispaniola|Trees of Honduras|Trees of Martinique|Trees of Southeastern Mexico|Trees of Southwestern Mexico|Trees of Veracruz|Trees of Nicaragua|Trees of Panama|Trees of Paraguay|Trees of Peru|Trees of Puerto Rico|Flora of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines|Trees of Suriname|Trees of Venezuela|Plants described in 1759|Trees of Argentina|Fruits originating in South America |
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