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词条 2000 United States presidential election in Missouri
释义

  1. Primaries

  2. Results

     By county 

  3. Electors

  4. Missouri Bellwether

  5. References

  6. See also

{{main|United States presidential election, 2000}}{{Infobox Election
| election_name = United States presidential election in Missouri, 2000
| country = Missouri
| type = presidential
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = United States presidential election in Missouri, 1996
| previous_year = 1996
| next_election = United States presidential election in Missouri, 2004
| next_year = 2004
| election_date = November 7, 2000
| image1 =
| nominee1 = George W. Bush
| party1 = Republican Party (United States)
| home_state1 = Texas
| running_mate1 = Dick Cheney
| electoral_vote1 = 11
| popular_vote1 = 1,189,924
| percentage1 = 50.42%
| image2 =
| nominee2 = Al Gore
| party2 = Democratic Party (United States)
| home_state2 = Tennessee
| running_mate2 = Joe Lieberman
| electoral_vote2 = 0
| popular_vote2 = 1,111,138
| percentage2 = 47.08%
| map_image = United States Presidental Election in Missouri, 2000.svg
| map_size = 340px
| map_caption = County Results{{col-start}}{{col-2}}Bush{{legend|#f2b3be|40-50%}}{{legend|#e27f90|50-60%}}{{legend|#cc2f4a|60-70%}}{{legend|#d40000|70-80%}}{{col-2}}Gore{{legend|#b9d7ff|40-50%}}{{legend|#86b6f2|50-60%}}{{legend|#0645B4|80-90%}}{{col-end}}
| title = President
| before_election = Bill Clinton
| before_party = Democratic Party (United States)
| after_election = George W. Bush
| after_party = Republican Party (United States)
}}{{ElectionsMO}}

As part of the 2000 United States presidential election the state of Missouri chose 11 electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Missouri was a critical swing state.[1] George W. Bush won the popular vote by a margin of just over 3% against his Democratic challenger, Al Gore. President Bush more than doubled his 2000 election margin of victory in 2004 over his subsequent challenger, John Kerry. The 2000 election was seen as the turning point of Missouri’s bellwether status, which the state had maintained throughout most of the 20th century.

Like Clinton, Gore was a Southern Democrat from a neighboring state of Missouri—Arkansas and Tennessee, respectively—and was widely seen as competitive in the state.[2]

{{As of|2016|11|alt=As of the 2016 presidential election}}, no Democratic presidential candidate has won Missouri since 1996, despite Al Gore (as vice president), and Hillary Clinton (as First Lady) both being important officials in the Clinton Administration. (Later Democratic nominees John Kerry and Barack Obama were not involved in the Clinton Administration).{{As of|2016|11|alt=As of the 2016 presidential election}}, this is the last time that Saline County, New Madrid County, Pemiscot County, Mississippi County, Ray County, and Clay County voted for the Democratic presidential candidate.

Primaries

  • Missouri Democratic primary, 2000
  • Missouri Republican primary, 2000

Results

Presidential CandidateRunning MatePartyElectoral Vote (EV)Popular Vote (PV)
George W. Bush of Texas Richard Cheney of Wyoming Republican11[3]1,189,92450.42%
Al Gore of Tennessee Joseph Lieberman of Connecticut Democrat01,111,13847.08%
Ralph Nader Winona LaDuke Green Party038,5151.63%
Patrick Buchanan Ezola Foster Reform Party09,8180.42%
Harry Browne Art Olivier Libertarian Party07,4360.32%
Others - -03,0610.13%

By county

County Gore% Gore# Bush% Bush# Others% Others# Total
Adair 38.86% 4,101 57.34% 6,050 3.8% 401 10,552
Andrew 38.42% 2,795 58.52% 4,257 3.05% 222 7,274
Atchison 35.28% 1,013 62.63% 1,798 2.09% 60 2,871
Audrain 45.58% 4,551 52.64% 5,256 1.78% 178 9,985
Barry 33.43% 4,135 63.75% 7,885 2.81% 348 12,368
Barton 26.54% 1,424 71.49% 3,836 1.98% 106 5,366
Bates 43.45% 3,386 54.48% 4,245 2.07% 161 7,792
Benton 41.81% 3,150 55.99% 4,218 2.2% 166 7,534
Bollinger 31.96% 1,692 65.87% 3,487 2.17% 115 5,294
Boone 48.33% 28,811 47.69% 28,426 3.98% 2,372 59,609
Buchanan 49.16% 17,085 47.26% 16,423 3.58% 1,243 34,751
Butler 34.70% 4,996 63.28% 9,111 2.01% 290 14,397
Caldwell 38.65% 1,488 57.66% 2,220 3.69% 142 3,850
Callaway 43.82% 6,708 53.81% 8,238 2.36% 362 15,308
Camden 36.98% 6,323 60.58% 10,358 2.44% 418 17,099
Cape Girardeau 31.26% 9,334 66.42% 19,832 2.32% 693 29,859
Carroll 35.36% 1,620 62.87% 2,880 1.77% 81 4,581
Carter 35.51% 997 61.61% 1,730 2.88% 81 2,808
Cass 41.60% 14,921 56.07% 20,113 2.33% 835 35,869
Cedar 34.95% 1,979 62.33% 3,530 2.72% 154 5,663
Chariton 43.14% 1,792 55.37% 2,300 1.49% 62 4,154
Christian 33.99% 7,896 63.82% 14,824 2.19% 508 23,228
Clark 47.66% 1,812 49.95% 1,899 2.39% 91 3,802
Clay 48.75% 39,084 48.75% 39,083 2.5% 2,006 80,173
Clinton 46.82% 3,994 50.67% 4,323 2.51% 214 8,531
Cole 36.78% 12,056 61.53% 20,167 1.68% 552 32,775
Cooper 37.81% 2,567 59.97% 4,072 2.22% 151 6,790
Crawford 40.35% 3,350 57.26% 4,754 2.38% 198 8,302
Dade 31.80% 1,193 65.78% 2,468 2.43% 91 3,752
Dallas 37.16% 2,311 59.86% 3,723 2.97% 185 6,219
Daviess 39.12% 1,367 57.56% 2,011 3.32% 116 3,494
DeKalb 38.58% 1,562 58.36% 2,363 3.06% 124 4,049
Dent 30.71% 1,839 66.73% 3,996 2.56% 153 5,988
Douglas 29.27% 1,546 68.15% 3,599 2.58% 136 5,281
Dunklin 47.00% 4,947 51.55% 5,426 1.44% 152 10,525
Franklin 41.26% 16,172 55.78% 21,863 2.96% 1,159 39,194
Gasconade 34.05% 2,257 63.21% 4,190 2.75% 182 6,629
Gentry 40.93% 1,271 57.04% 1,771 2.03% 63 3,105
Greene 39.92% 41,091 57.50% 59,178 2.58% 2,657 102,926
Grundy 33.20% 1,563 63.21% 2,976 3.59% 169 4,708
Harrison 33.27% 1,328 63.94% 2,552 2.78% 111 3,991
Henry 45.60% 4,459 52.36% 5,120 2.04% 199 9,778
Hickory 46.27% 1,961 51.25% 2,172 2.48% 105 4,238
Holt 32.72% 871 65.29% 1,738 1.99% 53 2,662
Howard 43.09% 1,944 53.50% 2,414 3.41% 154 4,512
Howell 32.97% 4,641 64.07% 9,018 2.96% 416 14,075
Iron 46.31% 2,044 50.68% 2,237 3.01% 133 4,414
Jackson 58.96% 160,419 38.38% 104,418 2.66% 7,225 272,062
Jasper 31.31% 11,737 66.43% 24,899 2.25% 845 37,481
Jefferson 50.02% 38,616 47.62% 36,766 2.36% 1,822 77,204
Johnson 41.26% 6,926 55.63% 9,339 3.11% 522 16,787
Knox 38.30% 787 59.66% 1,226 2.04% 42 2,055
Laclede 32.06% 4,183 65.58% 8,556 2.35% 307 13,046
Lafayette 43.68% 6,343 54.06% 7,849 2.26% 328 14,520
Lawrence 32.82% 4,235 64.36% 8,305 2.81% 363 12,903
Lewis 45.12% 2,023 53.26% 2,388 1.63% 73 4,484
Lincoln 43.74% 6,961 53.72% 8,549 2.53% 403 15,913
Linn 44.03% 2,646 54.01% 3,246 1.96% 118 6,010
Livingston 38.64% 2,425 59.10% 3,709 2.26% 142 6,276
Macon 39.26% 2,817 58.98% 4,232 1.76% 126 7,175
Madison 41.80% 1,828 56.25% 2,460 1.94% 85 4,373
Maries 40.32% 1,554 57.50% 2,216 2.18% 84 3,854
Marion 42.63% 4,993 55.93% 6,550 1.44% 169 11,712
McDonald 28.58% 1,866 68.31% 4,460 3.11% 203 6,529
Mercer 30.13% 555 67.86% 1,250 2.01% 37 1,842
Miller 34.38% 3,217 63.54% 5,945 2.07% 194 9,356
Mississippi 52.85% 2,756 45.93% 2,395 1.23% 64 5,215
Moniteau 35.88% 2,176 62.06% 3,764 2.06% 125 6,065
Monroe 45.43% 1,860 53.13% 2,175 1.44% 59 4,094
Montgomery 39.45% 2,092 58.57% 3,106 1.98% 105 5,303
Morgan 41.05% 3,235 56.59% 4,460 2.36% 186 7,881
New Madrid 51.45% 3,738 47.01% 3,416 1.54% 112 7,266
Newton 30.46% 6,447 67.25% 14,232 2.28% 483 21,162
Nodaway 39.26% 3,553 57.03% 5,161 3.7% 335 9,049
Oregon 37.04% 1,568 59.56% 2,521 3.4% 144 4,233
Osage 31.37% 1,938 67.24% 4,154 1.39% 86 6,178
Ozark 33.36% 1,432 62.05% 2,663 4.59% 197 4,292
Pemiscot 53.55% 3,245 45.38% 2,750 1.07% 65 6,060
Perry 30.20% 2,085 67.61% 4,667 2.19% 151 6,903
Pettis 37.16% 5,855 60.51% 9,533 2.33% 367 15,755
Phelps 38.78% 6,262 58.49% 9,444 2.73% 440 16,146
Pike 48.39% 3,557 49.63% 3,648 1.99% 146 7,351
Platte 45.00% 15,325 52.23% 17,785 2.77% 944 34,054
Polk County 35.03% 3,606 62.46% 6,430 2.51% 258 10,294
Pulaski 36.08% 3,800 62.02% 6,531 1.9% 200 10,531
Putnam 30.33% 708 68.25% 1,593 1.41% 33 2,334
Ralls 44.76% 2,033 53.85% 2,446 1.39% 63 4,542
Randolph 44.81% 4,116 52.73% 4,844 2.46% 226 9,186
Ray 50.99% 4,970 46.34% 4,517 2.67% 260 9,747
Reynolds 41.46% 1,298 56.28% 1,762 2.27% 71 3,131
Ripley 35.93% 1,820 61.62% 3,121 2.45% 124 5,065
Saline 49.01% 4,585 48.87% 4,572 2.12% 198 9,355
Schuyler 40.28% 808 57.78% 1,159 1.94% 39 2,006
Scotland 36.26% 790 61.27% 1,335 2.48% 54 2,179
Scott 41.09% 6,452 57.30% 8,999 1.61% 253 15,704
Shannon 37.82% 1,430 59.38% 2,245 2.8% 106 3,781
Shelby 38.75% 1,262 59.44% 1,936 1.81% 59 3,257
St. Charles 41.81% 53,806 56.04% 72,114 2.15% 2,766 128,686
St. Clair 39.38% 1,866 57.63% 2,731 3.% 142 4,739
St. Francois 48.17% 9,075 49.50% 9,327 2.33% 439 18,841
St. Louis 77.40% 96,557 19.88% 24,799 2.72% 3,396 124,752
St. Louis County 51.48% 250,631 46.15% 224,689 2.38% 11,564 486,884
Ste. Genevieve 49.24% 3,600 47.94% 3,505 2.82% 206 7,311
Stoddard 35.94% 4,476 62.04% 7,727 2.02% 251 12,454
Stone 33.37% 4,055 64.13% 7,793 2.49% 303 12,151
Sullivan 36.78% 1,127 61.26% 1,877 1.96% 60 3,064
Taney 33.70% 5,092 63.84% 9,647 2.47% 373 15,112
Texas 35.10% 3,486 61.78% 6,136 3.12% 310 9,932
Vernon 37.54% 3,156 59.29% 4,985 3.18% 267 8,408
Warren 42.12% 4,524 55.67% 5,979 2.21% 237 10,740
Washington 48.97% 4,047 48.64% 4,020 2.4% 198 8,265
Wayne 40.82% 2,387 57.22% 3,346 1.97% 115 5,848
Webster 35.13% 4,174 61.87% 7,350 3.% 356 11,880
Worth 40.50% 469 56.22% 651 3.28% 38 1,158
Wright 28.70% 2,250 68.75% 5,391 2.55% 200 7,841

Electors

{{main|List of United States presidential electors, 2000}}

Technically the voters of Missouri cast their ballots for electors: representatives to the Electoral College. Missouri is allocated 11 electors because it has 9 congressional districts and 2 senators. All candidates who appear on the ballot or qualify to receive write-in votes must submit a list of 11 electors, who pledge to vote for their candidate and his or her running mate. Whoever wins the majority of votes in the state is awarded all 11 electoral votes. Their chosen electors then vote for president and vice president. Although electors are pledged to their candidate and running mate, they are not obligated to vote for them. An elector who votes for someone other than his or her candidate is known as a faithless elector.

The electors of each state and the District of Columbia met on December 18, 2000[4] to cast their votes for president and vice president. The Electoral College itself never meets as one body. Instead the electors from each state and the District of Columbia met in their respective capitols.

The following were the members of the Electoral College from the state. All were pledged to and voted for George W. Bush and Dick Cheney:[5]

  1. David Barklage
  2. Bruce Bredeman
  3. Marc Ellinger
  4. Gordon Elliott
  5. John Hancock
  6. Stan Horacek
  7. Homer Johnson
  8. John Judd
  9. Michael Kort
  10. Dennis Owens
  11. Al Rotskoff

Missouri Bellwether

Beginning with the 2000 election, the status of the Missouri bellwether came into question. Between 1904 and 2004, Missouri was carried by the victor of each presidential election, with the exception of 1956. Though Bush won the presidency in the 2000 election through the Electoral College, he lost the national popular vote. The 2000 election was unique because this was the first time in over a century where the popular vote winner lost the general election. (In 1888, Missouri voted for Grover Cleveland, the incumbent Democrat, who lost to Republican candidate Benjamin Harrison). Thus, controversy exists as to whether or not Missouri accurately predicted victor in this election. In the subsequent election, Missouri voted for George W. Bush, who this time won both the popular vote and the Electoral College. Missouri has voted reliably Republican since 2000. The state voted for John McCain in 2008, and for Mitt Romney in 2012, both of whom lost the general election to Barack Obama. The controversy is further complicated by the 2016 presidential election, where Missouri voted for Donald Trump by a landslide, while Hillary Clinton won the popular vote by nearly three million votes, but like in 2000, Trump won the Electoral College and became 45th President of the United States. Like 2000, political scientists have differing opinions on whether or not Missouri accurately predicted the victor, and even if Missouri is still a bellwether state at all.

References

1. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20121025215009/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-62411569.html HighBeam]
2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://mobile.nytimes.com/2000/11/04/us/2000-campaign-missouri-campaign-bellwether-state-s-favor-pursued-both-tickets.html|title=THE 2000 CAMPAIGN: THE MISSOURI CAMPAIGN; A Bellwether State's Favor Is Pursued by Both Tickets|website=mobile.nytimes.com|language=en|access-date=2017-12-17}}
3. ^2000 Presidential General Election Results - Missouri
4. ^http://www.uselectionatlas.org/INFORMATION/ARTICLES/pe2000timeline.php
5. ^http://presidentelect.org/e2000.html

See also

{{State Results of the 2000 U.S. presidential election}}{{United states presidential election and recount, 2000}}{{MissouriFederalElections}}

3 : 2000 United States presidential election by state|United States presidential elections in Missouri|2000 Missouri elections
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