| 词条 | 2001 Basque regional election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = 2001 Basque regional election | country = Basque Country | type = parliamentary | ongoing = no | previous_election = 1998 Basque regional election | previous_year = 1998 | next_election = 2005 Basque regional election | next_year = 2005 | outgoing_members = | elected_members = | seats_for_election = All 75 seats in the Basque Parliament | majority_seats = 38 | opinion_polls = 2001 Basque regional election#Opinion polls | registered = 1,813,356 {{small|0.5%}} | turnout = 1,431,996 (79.0%) 9.0 pp | election_date = 13 May 2001 | image1 = | leader1 = Juan José Ibarretxe | party1 = PNV–EA | leader_since1 = 31 January 1998 | leaders_seat1 = Álava | last_election1 = 27 seats, 36.2%{{efn|Aggregated data for PNV and EA in the 1998 election.}} | seats1 = 33 | seat_change1 = 6 | popular_vote1 = 604,222 | percentage1 = 42.4% | swing1 = 6.2 pp | image2 = | leader2 = Jaime Mayor Oreja | party2 = People's Party of the Basque Country | leader_since2 = 26 February 2001 | leaders_seat2 = Biscay | last_election2 = 18 seats, 21.1%{{efn|Aggregated data for PP and UA in the 1998 election.}} | seats2 = 19 | seat_change2 = 1 | popular_vote2 = 326,933 | percentage2 = 22.9% | swing2 = 1.8 pp | image3 = | leader3 = Nicolás Redondo | party3 = Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left | leader_since3 = 20 October 1997 | leaders_seat3 = Biscay | last_election3 = 14 seats, 17.4% | seats3 = 13 | seat_change3 = 1 | popular_vote3 = 253,195 | percentage3 = 17.8% | swing3 = 0.4 pp | image4 = | leader4 = Arnaldo Otegi | party4 = Euskal Herritarrok | leader_since4 = 14 February 1998 | leaders_seat4 = Guipúzcoa | last_election4 = 14 seats, 17.7% | seats4 = 7 | seat_change4 = 7 | popular_vote4 = 143,139 | percentage4 = 10.0% | swing4 = 7.7 pp | image5 = | leader5 = Javier Madrazo | party5 = IU/EB | colour5 = 732021 | leader_since5 = 14 May 1994 | leaders_seat5 = Biscay | last_election5 = 2 seats, 5.6% | seats5 = 3 | seat_change5 = 1 | popular_vote5 = 78,862 | percentage5 = 5.5% | swing5 = 0.1 pp | map_image = BasqueCountryProvinceMapParliament2001.png | map_size = 325px | map_caption = Constituency results map for the Basque Parliament | title = Lehendakari | before_election = Juan José Ibarretxe | before_party = Basque Nationalist Party | after_election = Juan José Ibarretxe | after_party = Basque Nationalist Party }} The 2001 Basque regional election was held on Sunday, 13 May 2001, to elect the 7th Parliament of the Basque Autonomous Community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. The electoral coalition Basque Nationalist Party–Basque Solidarity (PNV–EA) won 33 seats, the People's Party (PP) came second with 19 seats, the Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE) came in third with 13 seats. The Basque Citizens (EH) coalition obtained 7 seats. OverviewElectoral systemThe Basque Parliament was the devolved, unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of the Basque Country, having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Basque Statute of Autonomy, as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a Lehendakari.[1] Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprised all nationals over eighteen, registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights. The 75 members of the Basque Parliament were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of 3 percent of valid votes{{efn|A 2000 legal amendment had seen the electoral threshold being lowered from five to three percent.}}—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Parties not reaching the threshold were not taken into consideration for seat distribution. Additionally, the use of the D'Hondt method might result in an effective threshold over three percent, depending on the district magnitude.[2] Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the Basque provinces of Álava, Biscay and Guipúzcoa. Each constituency was allocated a fixed number of 25 seats each, to provide for an equal representation of the three provinces in Parliament as required under the regional Statute of Autonomy.[1][3] This meant that Álava was allocated the same number of seats as Biscay and Gipuzkoa, despite their populations being, as of 1 January 2001: 285,198, 1,124,445 and 673,328, respectively.[4] The electoral law provided that parties, federations, coalitions and groupings of electors were allowed to present lists of candidates. However, groupings of electors were required to secure the signature of at least 1 percent of the electors registered in the constituency for which they sought election. Electors were barred from signing for more than one list of candidates. Concurrently, parties and federations intending to enter in coalition to take part jointly at an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election being called.[3][5][6] Election dateThe term of the Basque Parliament expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election Decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country, with election day taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication. The previous election was held on 25 October 1998, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 25 October 2002. The election Decree was required to be published no later than 1 October 2002, with the election taking place on the fifty-fourth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Sunday, 24 November 2002.[1][3] The Lehendakari had the prerogative to dissolve the Basque Parliament at any given time and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a Lehendakari within a sixty-day period from the Parliament re-assembly, the Parliament was to be dissolved and a fresh election called.[7] Opinion pollsThe table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a given poll. When available, seat projections are also displayed below the voting estimates in a smaller font. 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Basque Parliament.
ResultsOverall
|title=Popular vote |titlebar=#ddd |width=550px |barwidth=500px |bars={{bar percent|PNV–EA|{{PNV–EA/meta/color}}|42.38}}{{bar percent|PP|{{People's Party of the Basque Country/meta/color}}|22.93}}{{bar percent|PSE–EE (PSOE)|{{Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left/meta/color}}|17.76}}{{bar percent|EH|{{Euskal Herritarrok/meta/color}}|10.04}}{{bar percent|IU/EB|{{United Left (Spain)/meta/color}}|5.53}}{{bar percent|Others|#777777|0.56}}{{bar percent|Blank ballots|#DDDDDD|0.81}} }}{{bar box |title=Seats |titlebar=#ddd |width=550px |barwidth=500px |bars={{bar percent|PNV–EA|{{PNV–EA/meta/color}}|44.00}}{{bar percent|PP|{{People's Party of the Basque Country/meta/color}}|25.33}}{{bar percent|PSE–EE (PSOE)|{{Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left/meta/color}}|17.33}}{{bar percent|EH|{{Euskal Herritarrok/meta/color}}|9.33}}{{bar percent|IU/EB|{{United Left (Spain)/meta/color}}|4.00}} }} Distribution by constituency
Aftermath
Notes{{notelist}}References
1. ^1 2 {{cite act |title=Statute of Autonomy for the Basque Country of 1979 |type=Organic Law |number=3 |work=Official State Gazette |language=Spanish |date=18 December 1979 |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1979-30177 |accessdate=17 July 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web |last=Gallagher |first=Michael |date=30 July 2012 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730092518/http://www.tcd.ie/Political_Science/staff/michael_gallagher/ElSystems/Docts/effthresh.php |title=Effective threshold in electoral systems |publisher=Trinity College, Dublin |accessdate=22 July 2017}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite act |title=Basque Parliament Elections Law of 1990 |type=Law |number=5 |work=Official Gazette of the Basque Country |language=Spanish |date=15 June 1990 |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2012-2859&tn=1&p=20001107 |accessdate=17 July 2017}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=10272 |title=Principales series desde 1971. Resultados por Provincias. Población residente por fecha, sexo y edad |language=Spanish |website=ine.es |publisher=National Institute of Statistics |accessdate=8 August 2017}} 5. ^{{cite act |title=General Electoral System Organic Law of 1985 |type=Organic Law |number=5 |work=Official State Gazette |language=Spanish |date=19 June 1985 |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-1985-11672&tn=1&p=20000630 |accessdate=28 December 2016}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.juntaelectoralcentral.es/cs/jec/documentos/LOREG_ENG |title=Representation of the people Institutional Act |author= |date= |website=juntaelectoralcentral.es |publisher=Central Electoral Commission |accessdate=16 June 2017}} 7. ^{{cite act |title=Government Law of 1981 |type=Law |number=7 |work=Official Gazette of the Basque Country |language=Spanish |date=30 June 1981 |url=https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2012-5927&tn=1&p=19881123 |accessdate=17 July 2017}} 8. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |title=La coalició PNB-EA guanya clarament els comicis a Euskadi |url=https://www.racocatala.cat/noticia/109/coalicio-pnb-ea-guanya-clarament-comicis-euskadi |language=Catalan |work=Racó Català |date=13 May 2001}} 9. ^1 2 {{cite web |title=Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco de 13 de mayo de 2001: ¿Unas elecciones sorprendentes? |url=http://revistas.uned.es/index.php/derechopolitico/article/viewFile/8821/8414 |language=Spanish |work=Revista de Derecho Político |date=2001}} 10. ^{{cite web |title=PP y PSE podrían quedarse a un solo escaño de la mayoría absoluta en el País Vasco |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/2001/05/06/022.html |language=Spanish |work=ABC |date=6 May 2001}} 11. ^{{cite web |title=Encuesta de Ipsos-Eco Consulting para ABC |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/2001/05/06/023.html |language=Spanish |work=ABC |date=6 May 2001}} 12. ^{{cite web |title=PP y PSOE se acercan a la mayoría absoluta pese al alza de PNV-EA |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010630102808/http://www.elmundo.es/2001/05/04/espana/990602.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=4 May 2001}} 13. ^{{cite web |title=Portada: PP y PSE rozan la mayoría suficiente para gobernar |url=http://elpais.com/hemeroteca/elpais/portadas/2001/05/06/ |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=6 May 2001}} 14. ^{{cite web |title=PP y PSE rozan la mayoría suficiente para gobernar |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2001/05/06/espana/989100001_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=6 May 2001}} 15. ^{{cite web |title=Los sondeos colocan una alianza entre PP y PSE al borde de la mayoría absoluta |url=https://ultimahora.es/noticias/nacional/2001/05/07/853067/los-sondeos-colocan-una-alianza-entre-pp-y-pse-al-borde-de-la-mayoria-absoluta.html |language=Spanish |work=Última Hora |date=7 May 2001}} 16. ^{{cite web |title=Preelectoral del País Vasco elecciones autonómicas, 2001 (Estudio nº 2414. Abril 2001) |url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/2400_2419/2414/e241400.html |language=Spanish |work=CIS |date=9 May 2001}} 17. ^{{cite web |title=El PNV no hace ascos al voto de Otegi |url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2001/05/10/pagina-13/34175915/pdf.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=10 May 2001}} 18. ^{{cite web |title=PP y PSE se acercan a su objetivo |url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2001/04/29/pagina-15/34152199/pdf.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=29 April 2001}} 19. ^{{cite web |title=Los populares confían en los más de 45.000 votos por correo |url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2001/04/29/pagina-16/34152205/pdf.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=29 April 2001}} 20. ^{{cite web |title=El PNV gana, pero sólo podría gobernar con EH |url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2001/04/29/pagina-17/34152210/pdf.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=29 April 2001}} 21. ^{{cite web |title=Previsiones de voto para Elecciones Autonómicas (Abril 2001) |url=http://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/documentacion/o_sv16prev/es_sv16prev/adjuntos/sv16prev.pdf |language=Spanish |work=Eusko Jaurlaritza |date=11 April 2001}} 22. ^{{cite web |title=Un sondeo del Gobierno vasco coloca al PP y al PSOE a dos escaños de la mayoría absoluta |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2001/04/12/espana/987026406_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=12 April 2001}} 23. ^{{cite web |title=Elecciones en el País Vasco |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030106013411/http://www.cadenaser.com:80/PaginasASP/especiales_ser.asp?pagina=pulsometro/010322/index.htm |language=Spanish |work=Cadena SER |date=22 March 2001}} 24. ^{{cite web |title=Intención de voto |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030126005632/http://www.cadenaser.com:80/PaginasASP/especiales_ser.asp?pagina=pulsometro/010322/temassemana/p7.htm |language=Spanish |work=Cadena SER |date=22 March 2001}} 25. ^{{cite web |title=Ficha técnica |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030126010610/http://www.cadenaser.com:80/PaginasASP/especiales_ser.asp?pagina=pulsometro/010322/fichatecnica.htm |language=Spanish |work=Cadena SER |date=22 March 2001}} 26. ^{{cite web |title=El PNV y EA parten en la precampaña como ganadores, seguidos del Partido Popular |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2001/03/23/espana/985302009_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=23 March 2001}} 27. ^{{cite web |title=IU, posible llave para un Gobierno no nacionalista, según un sondeo del PSOE |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/2001/04/07/021.html |language=Spanish |work=ABC |date=7 April 2001}} 28. ^{{cite web |title=Aznar: 'Mayor ha renunciado a estar en el Gobierno para jugársela' |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2001/03/05/espana/983746802_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=5 March 2001}} 29. ^{{cite web |title=El frente nacionalista pierde entre tres y cinco diputados y PP-PSE ganan hasta seis |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/2001/02/25/017.html |language=Spanish |work=ABC |date=25 February 2001}} 30. ^{{cite web |title=Encuesta de Ipsos-Eco Consulting sobre las Elecciones Vascas |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/madrid/abc/2001/02/25/018.html |language=Spanish |work=ABC |date=25 February 2001}} 31. ^{{cite web |title=Situación social y política del País Vasco, XIII (Estudio nº 2407. Enero-Febrero 2001) |url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/2400_2419/2407/e240700.html |language=Spanish |work=CIS |date=20 March 2001}} 32. ^{{cite web |title=El CIS pronostica que el cambio de mayoría en el País Vasco es difícil pero no imposible |url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2001/03/21/pagina-16/34182616/pdf.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=21 March 2001}} 33. ^{{cite web |title=El PP se ve en condiciones de ganar las elecciones |url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2001/02/18/pagina-17/34189425/pdf.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=18 February 2001}} 34. ^{{cite web |title=Mayor, Alonso y San Gil, cabezas de candidatura del PP a las vascas |url=http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/sevilla/abc.sevilla/2001/03/01/025.html |language=Spanish |work=ABC Sevilla |date=1 March 2001}} 35. ^{{cite web |title=Arenas afirma que el PP está en posición de ganar en Euskadi, según los sondeos |url=https://www.lavozdegalicia.es/amp/noticia/espana/2001/02/17/arenas-afirma-pp-posicion-ganar-euskadi-segun-sondeos/0003_428762.htm |language=Spanish |work=La Voz de Galicia |date=17 February 2001}} 36. ^{{cite web |title=Previsiones de voto para Elecciones Autonómicas (Diciembre 2000) |url=http://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/documentacion/o_a002prev/es_a002prev/adjuntos/a002prev.pdf |language=Spanish |work=Eusko Jaurlaritza |date=28 December 2000}} 37. ^{{cite web |title=Atutxa no ve más salida que las elecciones |url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2000/12/29/pagina-13/34078117/pdf.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=29 December 2000}} 38. ^{{cite web |title=La alianza de PP y UA podría igualar al PNV en las elecciones |url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2000/12/16/pagina-20/34089827/pdf.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=16 December 2000}} 39. ^{{cite web |title=Empate técnico en intención de voto entre nacionalistas y no nacionalistas |url=http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2000/12/15/espana/976869532.html |language=Spanish |work=El Mundo |date=15 December 2000}} 40. ^{{cite web |title=El Euskobarómetro augura un empate entre nacionalistas y constitucionalistas |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2000/12/16/espana/976921203_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=16 December 2000}} 41. ^{{cite web |title=Euskal Etxeak. Nº 49 Año 2001. El Lehendakari convoca elecciones en Euskadi para el día 13 de mayo |url=http://www.euskadi.eus/contenidos/informacion/06_revista_euskaletxeak/es_ee/adjuntos/49_c.pdf |language=Spanish |work=Eusko Jaurlaritza |date=2001}} 42. ^{{cite web |title=El PNV volvería a ganar las elecciones, según una encuesta |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2000/11/15/espana/974242803_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=15 November 2000}} 43. ^{{cite web |title=Un sondeo pone al PP a un solo escaño del PNV y deja a los nacionalistas sin mayoría |url=http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/2000/07/29/pagina-14/34100635/pdf.html |language=Spanish |work=La Vanguardia |date=29 July 2000}} 44. ^{{cite web |title=Ibarretxe admite que la apuesta por el diálogo ha fracasado y se impone una nueva etapa |url=https://elpais.com/diario/2000/07/29/espana/964821604_850215.html |language=Spanish |work=El País |date=29 July 2000}} 45. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.euskadi.eus/web01-aphautes/es/ab12aAREWar/?locale=es |title=Election Results Archive |language=Spanish |website=euskadi.eus |publisher=Basque Government |accessdate=24 September 2017}} 46. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.historiaelectoral.com/aeuzkadi.html |title=Basque Parliament elections since 1980 |language=Spanish |website=historiaelectoral.com |publisher=Electoral History |accessdate=24 September 2017}}
4 : 2001 in the Basque Country (autonomous community)|2001 regional elections in Spain|Regional elections in the Basque Country|May 2001 events in Europe |
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