| 词条 | Geoffry Northcote |
| 释义 |
|name=Sir Geoffry Northcote |image= File:Sir Geoffry Northcote.jpg |caption= |order=20th |office=Governor of Hong Kong |monarch=George VI |1blankname= Colonial Secretary |1namedata= Norman Lockhart Smith |term_start=28 October 1937 |term_end=6 September 1941 |lieutenant= |predecessor=Sir Andrew Caldecott |successor=Sir Mark Aitchison Young |birth_date={{birth date|1881|02|09|df=y}} |birth_place=London, England |death_date={{death date and age|1948|07|10|1881|02|09|df=y}} |death_place=Sanderstead, Surrey, England |party= |profession=colonial administrator |alma_mater=Balliol College, Oxford |spouse=Edith Juliet Mary Adams |religion= |signature= |footnotes= }} Sir Geoffry Alexander Stafford Northcote, KCMG (羅富國;9 February 1881 – 10 July 1948) was a British colonial administrator. Early life, education, and early colonial services careerNorthcote was born in London{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}}, the son of Reverend the Hon. Arthur Francis Northcote, fourth son of Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh. Henry Northcote, 1st Baron Northcote, was his uncle. He was educated at Blundell's School in Tiverton and Balliol College, Oxford. He entered the Colonial Service in 1904 and served in Kenya (the East African Protectorate) from 1904 to 1927. He became Chief Secretary of Northern Rhodesia a year later, and served there until 1930. Afterwards, Northcote served as the Chief Secretary of Gold Coast, until 1934 and as Governor and Commander-in-Chief of British Guiana from 1935 to 1937. Attack in KenyaWhen he arrived in Kenya in 1904 as a political attache, Northcote was posted to Nyanza Province which was then part of Uganda. In early 1905, he accompanied a punitive expedition to Kisii land in South Nyanza. The expedition carried out a month-long orgy of violence as punishment for raids the Kisii had carried out. In 1907, Northcote was deployed as the District Commissioner of Kisii. The Kisii, who nicknamed him Nyarigoti, considered him their mortal enemy. On 18 January 1908, in the middle of a punitive expedition he was leading, Northcote was attacked with a spear and injured by a warrior called Otenyo. When Otenyo was caught, he was tried in public, dragged by a horse and executed in public by a firing squad. He was then beheaded and his body shipped to London. When Northcote learned of these attacks to revenge the attack on him, which ended up costing 160 lives, he wrote to his father, "It would take too long to describe the idiocy, obstinacy and want of military operations."[1] Hong Kong GovernorshipHe became Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Hong Kong in 1937. During his tenure, the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out, and battles broke out throughout Mainland China. In order to safeguard the Colony, Northcote immediately declared Hong Kong a neutral zone. As the war proceeded, Canton (Guangzhou) was occupied by the Japanese, causing a population boom as refugees rushed into Hong Kong. Northcote proposed more provision of housing and social services to serve the needs of the poor.[2] Meanwhile, the Japanese army also started encroaching upon Sham Chun (Shenzhen), leading the Hong Kong government to adopt various measures to cope with the emergency, such as the construction of air-raid shelters and blackout practices. Northcote also withdrew the plan of expanding social services. After taking six-months' leave in the UK, Northcote returned to Hong Kong in March 1941. Poor health forced him to retire that year, and he left when his appointment expired in September 1941. {{clear}}Personal lifeNorthcote married Edith Juliet Mary Adams on 27 October 1910; she was the daughter of James Adams. The couple had three sons: Maxwell Adams Stafford, Arthur Geoffrey Stafford, and Arnyas Henry Stafford. Northcote died in July 1948, aged 67. Honours
Places named after himNorthcote Close, a road on Hong Kong Island and Northcote Teachers' College (the premises is now occupied by Bonham Road Government Primary School) were named after him. See also
Notes{{more citations needed|date=November 2015}}1. ^http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/article/2000049243/otenyo-the-warrior-who-dared-a-white-dc?articleID=2000049243&story_title=otenyo-the-warrior-who-dared-a-white-dc&pageNo=1 2. ^{{cite journal | last=Goodstadt | first=Leo F. | author-link= Leo Goodstadt |date= 2004 | title=The Rise and Fall of Social, Economic and Political Reforms in Hong Kong, 1930—1955 | journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Hong Kong Branch |volume= 44 | issue= | pages=63 | url= | accessdate= }} References
| before=Alexander Ransford Slater | title=Governor of the Gold Coast, acting | years=1932 | after=Sir Shenton Thomas }}{{succession box | before=Sir Shenton Thomas | title=Governor of the Gold Coast, acting | years=1934 | after=Sir Arnold Wienholt Hodgson }}{{succession box | before = Sir Edward Brandis Denham | title = Governor of British Guiana| years = 1935–1937 | after = Sir Wilfrid Edward Francis Jackson}}{{succession box | before = Sir Andrew Caldecott | title = Governor of Hong Kong| years = 1937–1941 | after = Sir Mark Aitchison Young}}{{s-end}}{{Governor of Hong Kong}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Northcote, Geoffry Alexander Stafford}} 13 : Governors of British Guiana|Governors of Hong Kong|1881 births|1948 deaths|Chief Secretaries of Northern Rhodesia|Chief Secretaries of the Gold Coast (British colony)|Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford|Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George|Knights of the Order of St John|People educated at Blundell's School|People from London|20th-century Hong Kong people|20th-century British politicians |
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