| 词条 | 2008 United States presidential election in Montana | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = United States presidential election in Montana, 2008 | country = Montana | type = presidential | ongoing = no | previous_election = United States presidential election in Montana, 2004 | previous_year = 2004 | election_date = November 4, 2008 | next_election = United States presidential election in Montana, 2012 | next_year = 2012 | image1 = | nominee1 = John McCain | party1 = Republican Party (United States) | home_state1 = Arizona | running_mate1 = Sarah Palin | electoral_vote1 = 3 | popular_vote1 = 243,882 | percentage1 = 49.49% | map_image = Montana presidential election results 2008.svg | map_size = 350px | map_caption = County Results{{col-start}}{{col-2}}McCain{{legend|#f2b3be|40-50%}}{{legend|#e27f90|50-60%}}{{legend|#cc2f4a|60-70%}}{{legend|#d40000|70-80%}}{{legend|#aa0000|80-90%}}{{col-2}}Obama{{legend|#b9d7ff|40-50%}}{{legend|#86b6f2|50-60%}}{{legend|#4389e3|60-70%}}{{col-end}} | title = President | before_election = George W. Bush | before_party = Republican Party (United States) | after_election = Barack Obama | after_party = Democratic Party (United States) | image2 = | nominee2 = Barack Obama | party2 = Democratic Party (United States) | home_state2 = Illinois | running_mate2 = Joe Biden | electoral_vote2 = 0 | popular_vote2 = 232,159 | percentage2 = 47.11% }}{{ElectionsMT}} The 2008 United States presidential election in Montana took place on November 4, 2008, and was part of the 2008 United States presidential election. Voters chose 3 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Montana was won by Republican nominee John McCain by a 2.38% margin of victory. Before the election, Montana was initially viewed as safe Republican, but was viewed as lean Republican or toss-up in the final weeks. Historically the state is a Republican stronghold, but polls during the 2008 election showed Democrat Barack Obama just narrowly trailing Republican John McCain. On election day, McCain narrowly carried Montana. It was the fourth-closest state in the nation, behind Missouri, North Carolina, and Indiana. Primaries
CampaignPredictionsThere were 17 news organizations who made state-by-state predictions of the election. Here are their last predictions before election day:
Polling{{main|Statewide opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2008#Montana|l1=Statewide opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2008: Montana}}Although Republican George W. Bush of Texas carried the Treasure State by double digits in both 2000 and 2004, polls taken throughout July indicated a close race between Republican John McCain of Arizona and Democrat Barack Obama of Illinois. When Governor Sarah Palin of Alaska was announced as McCain's running mate in late August, however, McCain took a double-digit lead in the state that lasted until the middle of October, when polling once again showed the two candidates within striking distance of each other in the state. When the actual 2008 presidential election took place, McCain carried the state by about 2.38 percentage points.[15] The state's results were significantly closer than they were in the 2004 election when George W. Bush carried the state by a margin of 20 points.[16] FundraisingJohn McCain raised a total of $386,940 in the state. Barack Obama raised $1,089,874.[17] Advertising and visitsObama and his interest groups spent $1,732,467. McCain and his interest groups spent just $134,805.[18] The Democratic ticket visited the state three times and McCain didn't visit the state.[19] AnalysisMontana, a Republican-leaning state, has voted for the Republican presidential nominee in every election since 1968 except in 1992 when the state narrowly supported Democrat Bill Clinton to Republican George H. W. Bush. Obama did very well among the Democratic base of Montana, which consists of three sections. Students in Missoula County, which is home to the University of Montana, helped him win a three-to-two margin there. In the southwest, Obama won more than 65% of the vote in Deer Lodge County and Silver Bow County—Democratic strongholds which have voted Republican only twice since 1912. Finally, Native Americans gave Obama strong support; in the eastern part of the state, Obama only won counties in which Native Americans composed at least 30% of the population. McCain's base was in the eastern part of the state, which is less unionized and more rural. It is home to more ranchers and less miners than elsewhere. Only five counties voted Democratic in the east. In Western Montana, McCain generally won wherever Obama's Democratic base was lacking. His biggest margins came from the region bordering the GOP bastion of Idaho. There was also a relatively high third-party vote, totaling around four percent. The Montana Constitution Party ran libertarian-leaning Republican U.S. Representative Ron Paul of Texas on their line (against his wishes), winning 2.17% of the vote in Montana, which was the highest statewide percentage total for any third-party candidate in the 2008 presidential election. A significant number of write-in candidates also ran in the state, with some beating third-party candidates. During the same election, incumbent Democratic Governor Brian Schweitzer was reelected to a second term in a landslide over Republican Roy Brown and Libertarian Stan Jones. Winning by more than a two-to-one margin, Schweitzer received 65.21% of the vote while Brown took in 32.77% and Jones got 2.03%. Also during the same election, incumbent Democratic Senator Max Baucus was handily reelected to a sixth term over perennial candidate Bob Kelleher running as a Republican, no third-party candidate was in the race. Due to Kelleher's policies, such as adopting a parliamentary system in the United States, adopting a single-payer healthcare system, and nationalizing American oil and gas industries, he received no support from Montana GOP, and Baucus defeated Kelleher by nearly a 3-to-1 margin, taking in 72.92% over Kelleher's 27.08% and winning every single county in the state. At the state level, however, Republicans picked up three seats in the Montana Senate and gained control of the chamber. Democrats picked up the office of Secretary of State. {{As of|2016|11|alt=As of the 2016 presidential election}}, this is the last election in which Lake County, Cascade County, Rosebud County, and Lewis and Clark County voted for the Democratic candidate.Results
Results breakdownBy county
By congressional districtDue to the state's low population, only one congressional district is allocated, the At-Large District. This district covers the entire state, and thus is equivalent to the statewide election results.
Electors{{main|List of United States presidential electors, 2008}}Technically the voters of Montana cast their ballots for electors: representatives to the Electoral College. Montana is allocated 3 electors because it has 1 congressional district and 2 senators. All candidates who appear on the ballot or qualify to receive write-in votes must submit a list of 3 electors, who pledge to vote for their candidate and his or her running mate. Whoever wins the majority of votes in the state is awarded all 3 electoral votes. Their chosen electors then vote for president and vice president. Although electors are pledged to their candidate and running mate, they are not obligated to vote for them.[21] An elector who votes for someone other than his or her candidate is known as a faithless elector. The electors of each state and the District of Columbia met on December 15, 2008, to cast their votes for president and vice president. The Electoral College itself never meets as one body. Instead the electors from each state and the District of Columbia met in their respective capitols. The following were the members of the Electoral College from the state. All 3 were pledged to John McCain and Sarah Palin:[22]
References1. ^D.C.'s Political Report: The complete source for campaign summaries 2. ^Presidential | The Cook Political Report {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505003043/http://www.cookpolitical.com/presidential#belowMap |date=May 5, 2015 }} 3. ^Vote 2008 - The Takeaway - Track the Electoral College vote predictions {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422070127/http://vote2008.thetakeaway.org/2008/09/20/track-the-electoral-college-vote-predictions/ |date=April 22, 2009 }} 4. ^Election Projection: 2008 Elections - Polls, Projections, Results 5. ^Electoral-vote.com: President, Senate, House Updated Daily 6. ^1 2 Based on Takeaway 7. ^POLITICO's 2008 Swing State Map - POLITICO.com 8. ^RealClearPolitics - Electoral Map 9. ^CQ Politics | CQ Presidential Election Maps, 2008 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029000000/http://innovation.cq.com/prezMap08/ |date=October 29, 2008 }} 10. ^{{cite news| url=http://elections.nytimes.com/2008/president/whos-ahead/key-states/map.html?scp=1&sq=electoral%20college%20map&st=cse | title=Electoral College Map | work=The New York Times | accessdate=2010-05-26}} 11. ^{{cite news| url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/10/ | work=CNN | title=October – 2008 – CNN Political Ticker - CNN.com Blogs | accessdate=2010-05-26}} 12. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.foxnews.com/oreilly/winning-the-electoral-college/ | title=Winning the Electoral College | work=Fox News | date=2010-04-27}} 13. ^roadto270 14. ^Election 2008: Electoral College Update - Rasmussen Reports™ 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2008/president/mt/montana_mccain_vs_obama-614.html|title=RealClearPolitics - Election 2008 - Montana|accessdate=2008-11-26}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.electoral-vote.com/|title=Electoral-vote.com|accessdate=2008-11-26}} 17. ^Presidential Campaign Finance 18. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/map/ad.spending/ | work=CNN | title=Map: Campaign Ad Spending - Election Center 2008 from CNN.com | accessdate=2010-05-26}} 19. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/map/candidate.visits/ | work=CNN | title=Map: Campaign Candidate Visits - Election Center 2008 from CNN.com | accessdate=2010-05-26}} 20. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/state.php?year=2008&fips=30&f=0&off=0&elect=0&minper=0 |title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections |accessdate=2012-12-29}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/elections_ec.htm |title=Electoral College |accessdate=2008-11-01 |publisher=California Secretary of State |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081030041546/http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/elections_ec.htm |archivedate=October 30, 2008 }} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://sos.mt.gov/ELB/archives/2008/voters/2008_Presidential_Electors.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=November 11, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081107175751/http://sos.mt.gov/ELB/archives/2008/voters/2008_Presidential_Electors.pdf |archivedate=November 7, 2008 }} See also{{2008 U.S. presidential election state results}}{{United States presidential election, 2008}}{{DEFAULTSORT:United States Presidential Election In Montana, 2008}} 3 : 2008 United States presidential election by state|United States presidential elections in Montana|2008 Montana elections |
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