| 词条 | 2010–11 Australian bushfire season | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|title= 2010–11 Australian bushfire season |image= Bush fire at Captain Creek central Queensland Australia..JPG |caption= Bush fire at Captain Creek central Queensland 2010 |location= Australia |cost= |date= Winter (June) 2010 – Autumn (May) 2011 |cause = |area burnt= |fatalities = |injuries= |damage= |buildings= 90+ total {{bulleted list |84 houses |several non-residential structures }} |is_season =true |prev=2009–10 Australian bushfire season |next=2011–12 Australian bushfire season }} The 2010–11 Australian bushfire season was notable for a relative lack of bushfires along Eastern Australia due to a very strong La Niña effect, which instead contributed to severe flooding, in particular the 2010–2011 Queensland floods and the 2011 Victorian floods. As a result of these weather patterns, most major fire events took place in Western Australia and South Australia. Some later significant fire activity occurred in Gippsland in eastern Victoria, an area which largely missed the rainfall that lead to the flooding in other parts of the state. September
On 24 September 2010, a fire started west Walpole at the Boronia Ridge sub-division. The fire moved east toward the town and burned through the thick coastal scrub near the Walpole Inlet making access difficult for fire crews. FESA issued bushfire advice to residents of the surrounding areas.[1] The fire was contained by the following day and 23 hectares of bushland was burnt out with no loss of homes. November
On 30 November 2010, a fire began about 50 km South of Perth near the suburb of Karnup leading to FESA issuing an emergency warning for residents to take shelter and defend their homes on 1 December. By 2 December the fire had burnt through {{convert|350|ha|acres}} but had claimed no homes, and was brought under control by over one hundred firefighters.[2] January
On 10 January 2011, a fire began about 30 km south of Mandurah, near the suburb of Lake Clifton, leading to FESA issuing an emergency warning for residents to evacuate or to defend their homes on 10 January. A shed was burnt and flames were reported to be as high as a two-storey building.[3] By 12 January ten homes hade been destroyed and the fire had burnt an area of approximately 2000ha, the fire was deliberately lit with investigators identifying nine ignition points.[4] Another fire occurred South of Perth, North East of Parmelia on 19 January 2011 and burnt an area of 45 hectares. Challenger Avenue, between Warner Road and Parmelia Avenue were closed while up to 90 fire-fighters tackled the blaze. Another fire near the neighbouring suburb of Bertram was also contained. Both fires were thought to have been deliberately lit.[5] February
On 1 February 2011, a combination of high temperatures and strong winds led to the outbreak of several fires in the Gippsland region of Victoria. While most were relatively small and quickly contained, the worst of the fires, the Tostaree bushfires, spread rapidly, burning {{convert|8000|ha|acres}} of thinly populated State forest, grassland, and farmland near the Princes Highway between Nowa Nowa and Newmerella, just west of Orbost. The fires quickly destroyed two houses (with several other houses being saved by fire crews), cut power to most of East Gippsland east of Nowa Nowa for several days, and caused the Princes Highway to be closed for almost two days, effectively isolating the region. The firefighting effort included two hundred CFA firefighters, seven aircraft, and the Elvis air crane. Early speculation was that the fire had been started by clashing or fallen power lines caused by the strong winds.[6] Milder weather conditions allowed the fire to be largely contained by 3 February, and the Princes Highway was reopened with a reduced speed limit.[7] Further investigations suggested the fire had been started by smouldering tree roots from a lightning strike months earlier.[8]
On the night of 5 February 2011 a fire began to the east of Swan Valley[9] when a tree branch fell on an electrical transmission tower, resulting in hundreds of people being evacuated.[10] By 7 February the fire had burnt through {{convert|1167|ha|acre|0}} with 150 firefighters tackling the blaze.[10] The high winds resulted in all fixed wing water bombers being grounded, but five helicopters (four helitacs and one large type 1 helicopter) were used to combat the blaze.[11] At about midday 6 February a fire began in the south eastern suburbs of Perth in the Darling Range. By the next day hundreds of residents were evacuated from the suburbs of Roleystone and Kelmscott as firefighters battled to contain the blaze. At an early stage of the fire at least eight homes were lost and over {{convert|300|ha|acre|0}} of bush had been destroyed.[12] By the end of daylight on the same day the number was raised to 35 homes lost.[13] By late afternoon of 7 February the fire had destroyed 64 homes, with 32 more damaged, and was 95 percent contained with more than 100 firefighters still tackling the blaze.[14] A total area of {{convert|440|ha|acre|0}}[15] was burnt out by the blaze, which is believed to have been started by sparks from an angle grinder igniting dry grass. On 6 February additional bushfires were burning in the Perth suburbs of Ferndale and Wilson in bushland adjoining the Canning River. Outside of Perth there were three additional fires burning in Chittering Estate, Jarrahdale, and in the Lesueur National Park.[16] On 6 February the Victorian Government sent 21 specialist firefighters along with two helitankers, with an additional two helitankers due to arrive on 8 February.[17] Fires of note
References1. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.perthnow.com.au/news/western-australia/bushfire-warning-at-walpole-as-fire-rages-through-coastal-scrub/story-e6frg13u-1225928998002|title=Bushfire warning in Walpole|date=24 September 2010|accessdate=12 December 2010|work=Perth Now}} {{Bushfires in Australia}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Australian Bushfire Season}}2. ^{{cite news|title=Bushfire alert downgraded|url=http://www.perthnow.com.au/news/breaking-news/bushfire-alert-downgraded/story-e6frg12u-1225964252359|accessdate=7 February 2011|newspaper=Perth Now|date=10 December 2010|agency=Australian Associated Press}} 3. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/homes-and-lives-under-threat-as-lake-clifton-bushfire-rages-20110110-19ku3.html|title=Homes lost and lives under threat as Lake Clifton bushfire rages|first=Katherine|last=Fenech|work=WA Today|date=10 January 2011|accessdate=11 January 2011}} 4. ^{{cite news|last=Quatermaine|first=Lisa|title=Lake Clifton fires: homes lost, lives threatened|url=http://www.perthnow.com.au/news/lake-clifton-fires-homes-lost-lives-threatened/story-e6frg12c-1225985374097|accessdate=7 February 2011|newspaper=PerthNow|date=12 January 2011}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/01/20/3117704.htm|title=Homes damaged in Perth Bushfire|date=20 January 2011|accessdate=24 January 2011|publisher=ABC News| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110126200434/http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/01/20/3117704.htm| archivedate= 26 January 2011| deadurl= no}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Weather offers reprieve in Gippsland blaze|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/02/02/3128272.htm?site=news|publisher=ABC News|accessdate=3 February 2011|date=2 February 2011}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Crews confident of containing East Gippsland fire|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/02/03/3128518.htm?site=news|publisher=ABC News|accessdate=3 February 2011|date=3 February 2011}} 8. ^{{cite news|last=Goswell|first=Gus|title=Crews work to contain East Gippsland blaze|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/02/03/3129350.htm?site=gippsland|work=ABC Gippsland|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|accessdate=3 February 2011|date=3 February 2011}} 9. ^The fire was known as the Red Hill fire by the fire and emergency services, and for convenience the West Australian (Tuesday 8th) page 9 – called it the Brigadoon Fire – it started on Toodyay Road in Gidegegannup area and proceeded west to the edge of the Darling Scarp above Campersic Road 10. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.inmycommunity.com.au/news-and-views/local-news/Swan-Valley-fire-caused-by-tree-branch/7582971/|title=Swan Valley Fire caused by tree branch|first=Julian|last=Wright|date=7 February 2011|accessdate=7 February 2011|work=inMyCommunity|publisher=Community Newspaper Group}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.watoday.com.au/environment/weather/bushfire-rages-out-of-control-in-perth-suburbs-20110206-1ai22.html|title=Bushfire rages out of control in Perth suburbs|date=6 February 2011|accessdate=6 February 2011|work=WA Today|agency=Australian Associated Press}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://news.theage.com.au/breaking-news-national/at-least-eight-homes-lost-perth-bushfire-20110206-1ai7o.html|title=At least eight homes lost Perth bushfire|date=6 February 2011|accessdate=6 February 2011|work=The Age|agency=Australian Associated Press}} 13. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/02/06/3131230.htm|title=Raging bushfires destroy 35 homes|date=6 February 2011|accessdate=6 February 2011|publisher=ABC News}} 14. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2011/02/07/3132378.htm|title='Heartbreaking' blaze leaves trail of destruction|date=7 February 2011|accessdate=7 February 2011|publisher=ABC News}} 15. ^{{cite news|url=http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/a/-/wa/8787188/emergency-warning-for-roleystone-kelmscott/|title=Emergency warning for Roleystone, Kelmscott|date=7 February 2011|accessdate=7 February 2011|work=The West Australian|publisher=Yahoo7}} 16. ^{{cite news|title=FESA alert updates|url=http://www.perthnow.com.au/news/western-australia/latest-fesa-bushfire-alert/story-e6frg13u-1226001070140|accessdate=7 February 2011|newspaper=PerthNow|date=6 February 2011}} 17. ^{{cite news|title=Moment of truth as 64 homes lost in fire|url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/moment-of-truth-as-64-homes-lost-in-fire/story-fn59niix-1226001858526|accessdate=7 February 2011|newspaper=The Australian|date=8 February 2011|author=Nicolas Perpitch|last2=Debbie Guest| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110208045229/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/moment-of-truth-as-64-homes-lost-in-fire/story-fn59niix-1226001858526| archivedate= 8 February 2011| deadurl= no}} 18. ^{{cite news|last1=Hickey|first1=Phil|last2=Quartermain|first2=Lisa|title=Lake Clifton fires: homes lost, lives threatened|url=http://www.perthnow.com.au/news/lake-clifton-fires-homes-lost-lives-threatened/story-e6frg12c-1225985374097|accessdate=6 June 2015|publisher=Perth Now|date=12 January 2011}} 19. ^{{cite journal|editor1-last=Smith|editor1-first=Kristine|title=Multiagency effort combats Lake Clifton inferno|journal=24seven|date=2011|issue=1|pages=8-9|url=http://www.dfes.wa.gov.au/newsandmedia/24seven/24seven/FESA-24seven-2011-Issue1.pdf|accessdate=29 December 2015|publisher=Department of Fire and Emergency Services}} 20. ^{{cite news|last1=Fenech|first1=Katherine|title=Homes lost and lives under threat as Lake Clifton bushfire rages|url=http://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/homes-lost-and-lives-under-threat-as-lake-clifton-bushfire-rages-20110110-19ku3.html|accessdate=30 April 2016|work=WA Today|publisher=Fairfax Media|date=10 January 2011}} 21. ^{{cite news|last1=Fenech|first1=Katherine|title=Warning to vigilantes as firebug hunt begins|url=http://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/warning-to-vigilantes-as-firebug-hunt-begins-20110112-19nbd.html|accessdate=30 April 2016|work=WA Today|publisher=Fairfax Media|date=12 January 2011}} 22. ^{{cite news|last1=Deery|first1=Shannon|title=Police have not ruled out arson as cause of East Gippsland fire|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/victoria/bushfire-sparks-emergency-alert-for-towns-of-waygara-wombat-creek-tostaree/story-e6frf7kx-1225998210510|accessdate=6 June 2015|publisher=Herald Sun|date=2 February 2011}} 23. ^{{cite journal|title=Tostaree faces the flames|journal=Brigade|volume=Autumn 2011|page=26|url=http://issuu.com/cfastrategiccommunications/docs/cfa_brigade_autumn2011_final|accessdate=28 December 2015|publisher=Country Fire Authority}} 24. ^1 {{cite journal|vauthors=((Leading by Example Pty. Ltd.))|title=Major Incident Review - Lake Clifton, Red Hill and Roleystone Fires|date=June 2011|url=http://www.dfes.wa.gov.au/publications/MajorIncidentReports/Major_Incident_Review-June2011.pdf|accessdate=27 December 2015|publisher=Fire and Emergency Services Authority of Western Australia}} 25. ^{{cite web|title=A Shared Responsibility: The Report of the Perth Hills Bushfire February 2011 Review |url=https://publicsector.wa.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/inquiry_-_perth_hills_bushfire_2011_-_a_shared_responsibility_report.pdf |website=publicsector.wa.gov.au |publisher=Government of Western Australia |accessdate=6 June 2015 |page=151 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6h9nUqzAd?url=https://publicsector.wa.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/inquiry_-_perth_hills_bushfire_2011_-_a_shared_responsibility_report.pdf |archive-date=30 April 2016 |deadurl=yes |df= }} 26. ^{{cite journal|last1=Smith|first1=Ralph|others=Contributions by Jade Leask, Ana Negreiros, Ann Valenti|title=Final Report on – Investigation of the House Losses in the Roleystone/Kelmscott Bushfire 6 February 2011|date=10 November 2011|accessdate=27 December 2015|publisher=Fire & Emergency Services Authority of Western Australia; Bushfire & Environmental Protection Branch|url=http://www.dfes.wa.gov.au/safetyinformation/fire/bushfire/BushfireResearch/FESA-Investigation-of-house-losses-Roleystone-Kelmscott-Fire-2011.pdf}} 27. ^{{cite journal|editor1-last=Smith|editor1-first=Kristine|title=Firefighters battle tough conditions in Perth Hills|journal=24seven|date=2011|issue=1|pages=18-21|url=http://www.dfes.wa.gov.au/newsandmedia/24seven/24seven/FESA-24seven-2011-Issue1.pdf|accessdate=29 December 2015|publisher=Department of Fire and Emergency Services}} 28. ^{{cite news|title=Families homeless after blaze destroys houses|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-04-06/families-homeless-after-blaze-destroys-houses/2627978|accessdate=10 June 2015|work=ABC News|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation|date=6 April 2011}} 3 : Bushfire seasons in Australia|2010 wildfires|2011 wildfires |
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