词条 | 2017 Rugby League World Cup | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| year = 2017 | title = World Cup | image = 2017 Rugby League World Cup logo.svg | imagesize = 159px | alt = | finalists = 14 (22 qualifying) | country = Australia | country2 = New Zealand | country3 = Papua New Guinea | winners = Australia | count = 11 | matches = 28 | attendance =382080 | points =1264 | tries =230 | topscorer-flag = Australia | topscorer = Cameron Smith (50) | top try scorer-flag= Australia | top try scorer = Valentine Holmes (12) | tournaments = Rugby League World Cup | last = 2013 | next = 2021 }} The 2017 Rugby League World Cup was the fifteenth staging of the Rugby League World Cup tournament and took place in Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea between 27 October and 2 December 2017.[1] The tournament featured the national teams of 14 Rugby League International Federation member countries who qualified through either standing in the previous tournament or a series of qualification play-off matches. In the final, defending champions Australia, playing in their 14th consecutive final, defeated England at Brisbane's Lang Park. Host selection{{see also|Rugby League World Cup hosts}}At the 2010 Rugby League International Federation executive meeting, the New Zealand Rugby League made an early submission to co-host the 2017 tournament with Australia.[2] The Rugby League World Cup was last held in Australia in 2008.[3] Two formal bids were subsequently received by the RLIF before a November 2012 deadline; the co-host bid from Australia and New Zealand and a bid from South Africa.[4][5][6] On 19 February 2014, it was announced that the joint bid from Australia and New Zealand had won hosting rights.[7] Michael Brown, the CEO of several big name Australian sporting franchises and the 2015 AFC Asian Cup, was originally appointed CEO of the World Cup in 2015, but resigned less than a year later due to 'workload' and 'homesickness'.[8] He was replaced by Andrew Hill.[9] Qualification{{main|2017 Rugby League World Cup qualifying}}It was announced on 3 August 2014 that 7 of the 8 quarter-finalists from the last World Cup would qualify automatically for the 2017 tournament; hosts Australia and New Zealand, plus England, Fiji, France, Samoa and Scotland. The USA, who were also 2013 quarter-finalists, were denied automatic qualification after a long-running internal governance dispute saw their RLIF membership temporarily suspended in 2014; later, once the matter was resolved, they were accepted into the qualification process. Papua New Guinea were initially set to be involved in the qualifying competition but were later granted automatic qualification, due to becoming co-hosts of the tournament. In addition to the eight automatic qualifiers, the remaining six spots will come from four different qualification zones; three from Europe, one from Asia/Pacific, one from Americas and one from Middle East/Africa.[10] Tonga were the first team to qualify from the qualification stage after winning the Asian-Pacific play-off. Lebanon were the second team to qualify from the qualification stage, after winning the Middle East-African play-off. The USA were the third team to qualify, winning the Americas qualification group. Teams{{See also|2017 Rugby League World Cup squads}}
Match officials{{see also|Category:Rugby League World Cup referees}}The match officials will be headed by Tony Archer and three coaches: Steve Ganson, Russell Smith and Luke Watts.[11]
Pre-tournament matchesBefore the World Cup it was announced that France would face Jamaica in Perpignan,[12] England would take on the Combined Affiliated States in Perth,[13] Lebanon would take on Niue in Leichhardt,[14] and Australia, Fiji, and Papua New Guinea would compete in a tri-series in Suva, with each game lasting 40 minutes.[15] The Australian Combined Affiliated States team will be composed of players from the Northern Territory, South Australian, Victorian and Western Australian state rugby league competitions. Malta will face Italy at Marconi Stadium in Bossley Park, a suburb of Sydney.[16]
Venues{{main|Rugby League World Cup venues}}It was announced in October 2014 that negotiations were being held for Papua New Guinea to host matches.[17] The Papua New Guinea Rugby Football League presented to the RLIF in September 2015, requesting to host three matches.[18] In October 2015 it was confirmed that Papua New Guinea would host three matches in the group stage.[19] Melbourne Rectangular Stadium in Melbourne will host the opening game between Australia and England while Brisbane Stadium in Brisbane will host the World Cup Final.[20]Australia
New Zealand
Papua New Guinea
Group stageThe draw was undertaken at the launch of the event in Auckland on 19 July 2016[22] and involved the same four group format as the 2013 tournament. The first two groups are made up of four teams whilst the other two groups feature three teams each. The top three teams in the first two groups and the winners of the two smaller groups will qualify for the quarter-finals. Group play will involve a round robin in the larger groups, and a round robin in the smaller groups with an additional inter-group game for each team so all teams will play three group games.[20]
Group A{{Main|2017 Rugby League World Cup Group A}}{{2017 RLWC Group A}}
Group B{{Main|2017 Rugby League World Cup Group B}}{{2017 RLWC Group B}}
Group C{{Main|2017 Rugby League World Cup Group C}}{{2017 RLWC Group C}}
Group D{{Main|2017 Rugby League World Cup Group D}}{{2017 RLWC Group D}}
Inter-group matches{{main|2017 Rugby League World Cup inter-group matches}}
Knockout stage{{Main|2017 Rugby League World Cup knockout stage}}Three teams from each of Groups A and B and one team from each of Groups C and D advanced to the quarter-finals. All quarter-finalists automatically qualified for the 2021 Rugby League World Cup.[23] The quarter-final fixture were finalised at the conclusion of the pool stages, to ensure that Australia played in Darwin on 17 November and New Zealand in Wellington on 18 November.[24]{{Round8|17 November – Darwin|{{rl|AUS}}|46|{{rl|SAM}}|0|18 November – Wellington|{{rl|NZL}}|2|{{rl|FIJ}}|4|18 November – Christchurch|{{rl|TON}}|24|{{rl|LBN}}|22|19 November – Melbourne|{{rl|ENG}}|36|{{rl|PNG}}|6 |24 November – Brisbane|{{rl|AUS}}|54|{{rl|FIJ}}|6|25 November – Auckland|{{rl|TON}}|18|{{rl|ENG}}|20|2 December – Brisbane|{{rl|AUS}}|6|{{rl|ENG}}|0|3rdplace=no }} Quarter-finalsAustralia vs Samoa{{Rugbyleaguebox|attendance=13,473|bg=|date=17 November 2017|manofmatch=Valentine Holmes (Australia)|points1=Tries:Holmes (9', 17', 51', 57', 74') 5 Morgan (31', 36') 2 Slater (24') 1 Goals: Smith 7/8 (10', 19', 26', 33', 38', 53', 58')|points2=|referee=Phil Bentham (England)|report=1st: 30 – 0 2nd: 16 – 0|score=46–0|stadium=Darwin Stadium, Darwin|team1={{rl-rt|AUS}}|team2={{rl|SAM}}|time=19:00 ACST (30)}} Tonga vs Lebanon{{Rugbyleaguebox|attendance=8,309|bg=|date=18 November 2017|manofmatch=Mitchell Moses (Lebanon)|points1=Tries:Fusitu'a (19', 33') 2 Lolohea (4') 1 Hopoate (23') 1 Goals: Hingano 4/5 (5', 24', 34', 53' pen)|points2=Tries: 2 (40', 69') Miski 1 (9') Doueihi 1 (30') Elias Goals: 3/4 Moses (10', 31', 70')|referee=Gerard Sutton (Australia)|report=1st: 22 – 16 2nd: 2 – 6|score=24–22|stadium=Christchurch Stadium, Christchurch|team1={{rl-rt|TON}}|team2={{rl|Lebanon}}|time=17:00 NZDT (UTC+13)}} New Zealand vs Fiji{{Rugbyleaguebox|attendance=12,713|bg=|date=18 November 2017|manofmatch=Kevin Naiqama (Fiji)|points1=Goals:Johnson 1/1 (45' pen)|points2=Goals: 1/1 Koroisau (15' pen) 1/1 Milne (62' pen)|referee=Matt Cecchin (Australia)|report=1st: 0 – 2 2nd: 2 – 2|score=2–4|stadium=Wellington Regional Stadium, Wellington|team1={{rl-rt|NZL}}|team2={{rl|FIJ}}|time=19:30 NZDT (UTC+13)}} England vs Papua New Guinea{{Rugbyleaguebox|attendance=10,563|date=19 November 2017|manofmatch=Jermaine McGillvary (England)|points1=Tries:McGillvary (13', 20') 2 Watkins (68', 72') 2 Walmsley (33') 1 Currie (56') 1 Hall (79') 1 Goals: Widdop 4/7 (34', 57', 69', 80')|points2=Tries: 1 (60') Lo Goals: 1/1 Martin (61')|referee=James Child (England)|report=1st: 14 – 0 2nd: 22 – 6|score=36–6|stadium=Melbourne Rectangular Stadium, Melbourne|team1={{rl-rt|ENG}}|team2={{rl|PNG}}|time=16:00 AEDT (UTC+11)}} Semi-finalsAustralia vs Fiji{{Rugbyleaguebox|attendance=22,073|date=24 November 2017|manofmatch=Cameron Smith (Australia)|points1=Tries:Holmes (18', 24', 42', 51', 65', 75') 6 Gagai (31', 69') 2 Slater (14', 48') 2 Goals: Smith 7/10 (15', 19', 33', 43', 49', 53', 67')|points2=Tries: 1 (59') Vunivalu Goals: 1/2 Koroisau (7' pen)|referee=Gerard Sutton (Australia)|report=1st: 22 – 2 2nd: 32 – 4|score=54–6|stadium=Brisbane Stadium, Brisbane|team1={{rl-rt|AUS}}|team2={{rl|FIJ}}|time=19:00 AEST (UTC+10)}} Tonga vs England{{Rugbyleaguebox|attendance=30,003|date=25 November 2017|manofmatch=Gareth Widdop (England)|points1=Tries:Pangai Junior (73') 1 Havili (76') 1 Lolohea (77') 1 Goals: Taukeiaho 3/3 (73', 76, 77')|points2=Tries: 1 (11') McGillvary 1 (16') Widdop 1 (68') Bateman Goals: 4/4 Widdop (12, 17, 50 pen, 69)|referee=Matt Cecchin (Australia)|report=1st: 0 – 12 2nd: 18 – 8|score=18–20|stadium=Mt Smart Stadium, Auckland|team1={{rl-rt|TON}}|team2={{rl|ENG}}|time=18:00 NZDT (UTC+13)}} Final: Australia vs England{{Main|2017 Rugby League World Cup Final}}{{Rugbyleaguebox|attendance=40,033|bg=|date= 2 December 2017|manofmatch=Boyd Cordner(Australia)|points1=Tries: Try scorers
Attendances
Criticism and controversyThe lack of games in New South Wales, the heartland of rugby league in Australia, drew some criticism. Only one of the 13 confirmed tournament venues was in New South Wales (Sydney Football Stadium) and it is only hosting two group-stage fixtures, both featuring Lebanon. This was due to the refusal of the New South Wales Government to bid for hosting rights. Despite the so-called 'Sydney Cup snub', the RLWC organisers backed their decision and the venues they were using.[25] In the buildup to the Samoa vs. Tonga game in Hamilton, controversy occurred after fans from both countries were caught having brawls in South Auckland. At least 6 people were arrested from the brawls resulting in a massive security increase for the game. Both teams, celebrities, and police urged fans to calm down.[26] Following the results of the controversial incident, a Tongan Advisory Council member lashed out at organisers, saying that this tournament is poorly organised compared to the 2011 Rugby World Cup, mentioning that Rugby World Cup organisers engaged with community groups 18 months beforehand, whereas this tournament was "scrambled around".[27] After Scotland's 68 point thrashing to New Zealand in Christchurch, captain Danny Brough, Sam Brooks, and Jonathan Walker were sent home for violating code of conduct after being all deemed too 'intoxicated' for their team's flight to Cairns for Scotland's next game against Samoa. Italian players James Tedesco and Shannon Wakeman are under investigation by the World Cup integrity unit for a brawl at a Cairns nightclub.[28] Media coverageSeven Network was the Australian and worldwide host broadcaster, winning the rights for the event in July 2016, beating the likes of Foxtel and Optus.[29]
References1. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = 2017 Rugby League World Cup Overview | work = | place = | pages = | publisher = RUGBY LEAGUE PLANET | date = | url = http://www.rugbyleagueplanet.com/rlwc | accessdate = 27 September 2015}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/league/3979019/NZ-prepares-bid-to-co-host-2017-World-Cup |title=NZ prepares bid to co-host 2017 World Cup |author=Kilgallon, Steve |date=1 August 2010 |work=The Sunday Star-Times |accessdate=15 September 2011}} 3. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Australia, NZ to host 2017 World Cup | work = | place = | pages = | publisher = nrl.com | date = | url = http://www.nrl.com/australia,-nz-to-host-2017-world-cup/tabid/10874/newsid/76367/default.aspx | accessdate = 27 September 2015}} 4. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = South Africa to face joint bid from Australia and New Zealand to host 2017 Rugby League World Cup | work = | place = | pages = | publisher = insidethegames.biz | date = 21 October 2012 | url = http://www.insidethegames.biz/sports/summer/rugby-sevens/1016580-south-africa-to-face-joint-bid-from-australia-and-new-zealand-to-host-2017-rugby-league-world-cup | accessdate = 27 September 2015}} 5. ^Australia-NZ Rugby League World Cup bid progresses 3News, 21 October 2013 6. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = South Africa's shock bid to host World Cup | work = | place = | pages = | publisher = dailytelegraph.com.au | date = 22 October 2013 | url = http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/sport/nrl/south-africas-shock-bid-to-host-2017-rugby-league-world-cup/story-fni3fbgz-1226743994701 | accessdate = 6 July 2015}} 7. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Australia and New Zealand unite to stage RLWC2017 | work = | place = | pages = | publisher = rlif.com | date = 19 February 2014 | url = http://www.rlif.com/rugby-league-international-news/article/1452/australia-and-new-zealand-unite | accessdate = 27 September 2015}} 8. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Michael Brown resignation | work = | place = | pages = | publisher = NRL | date = 22 July 2016 | url = http://www.nrl.com/michael-brown-resignation/tabid/10874/newsid/99462/default.aspx | accessdate = 24 July 2016}} 9. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Andrew Hill appointed CEO Rugby League World Cup 2017 | work = | place = | pages = | publisher = NRL | date = 10 August 2016 | url = http://www.nrl.com/andrew-hill-appointed-ceo-rugby-league-world-cup-2017/tabid/10874/newsid/100124/default.aspx | accessdate = 12 August 2016}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.therfl.co.uk/news/article/30809/qualification-details-for-2017-rlwc|title=Qualification details for 2017|author=|date=3 August 2014|work=The RFL|accessdate=5 August 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054645/http://www.therfl.co.uk/news/article/30809/qualification-details-for-2017-rlwc|archive-date=8 August 2014|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 11. ^{{cite web|date=9 October 2017|title=RLWC2017 Match Officials Announced|url=http://www.rlwc2017.com/news/rlwc2017-match-officials-announced|publisher=RLWC2017.com|accessdate=9 October 2017}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://rlif.com/article/8260/france-to-play-jamaica-in-perpignan |title=France to play Jamaica in Perpignan |publisher=rlif.com |date=28 April 2017 |accessdate=28 April 2017}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.asiapacificrl.com/2017/05/15/england-play-nrl-affiliated-states-world-cup-warm/ |title=England to play NRL Affiliated States in World Cup warm up |publisher=asiapacificrl.com |date=15 May 2017 |accessdate=26 May 2017}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.asiapacificrl.com/2017/08/10/lebanon-face-niue-world-cup-warm/ |title=Lebanon to face Niue in World Cup warm up |publisher=asiapacificrl.com |date=10 August 2017 |accessdate=11 August 2017}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.asiapacificrl.com/2017/05/26/kangaroos-face-fiji-png-suva/ |title=Kangaroos to face Fiji and PNG in Suva |publisher=asiapacificrl.com |date=26 May 2017 |accessdate=26 May 2017}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.asiapacificrl.com/2017/09/12/malta-announce-two-sydney-internationals-october/ |title=Malta announce two Sydney internationals this October|publisher=asiapacificrl.com |date=12 September 2017 |accessdate=12 September 2017}} 17. ^{{cite news | title = Papua New Guinea may host 2017 rugby league world cup matches | publisher = The Sydney Morning Herald | date = 11 October 2014 | url = http://www.smh.com.au/rugby-league/league-news/papua-new-guinea-may-host-2017-rugby-league-world-cup-matches-20141011-114qy9.html | accessdate = 27 September 2015}} 18. ^PNG Prime Minister Peter O'Neill keen to host Rugby League World Cup matches smh.com.au, 27 September 2015 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-10-08/papua-new-guinea-to-co-host-rugby-league-world-cup-2017/6838012 |title=Papua New Guinea to co-host Rugby League World Cup in 2017 |author= |date=8 October 2015 |website=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |publisher=Australian Associated Press |access-date=8 October 2015}} 20. ^1 {{cite news | title = Rugby League World Cup 2017 draw: Every game, every venue | publisher = The Courier Mail | date = 19 June 2016 | url = http://www.couriermail.com.au/sport/nrl/rugby-league-world-cup-2017-draw-every-game-every-venue/news-story/afb53d3399636c9bc02695072bd8b5a9 | accessdate = 19 June 2016}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/waikato-times/sport/82240139/Hamilton-to-host-two-games-of-the-2017-Rugby-League-World-Cup|title=Hamilton to make history by hosting first ever rugby league tests in 2017 World Cup|date=19 July 2016|accessdate=20 July 2016|work=stuff|publisher=stuff}} 22. ^{{cite news | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Venues for 2017 Rugby League World Cup to be announced at official launch on July 19 | work = | place = | pages = | publisher = inside the games | date = 16 June 2016 | url = http://www.insidethegames.biz/articles/1039665/venues-for-2017-rugby-league-world-cup-to-be-announced-at-official-launch-on-july-19 | accessdate = 17 June 2016}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://rlif.com/article/8247/statement-from-the-rlif-board-meeting---march-th- |title=Statement from the RLIF Board meeting – March 28th 2017 |publisher=Rlif.com |date=2017-11-08 |accessdate=2017-11-17}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rlwc2017.com/news/rlwc2017-announces-quarter-finals-draw |title=RLWC2017 announces quarter-finals draw | Rugby League World Cup |publisher=Rlwc2017.com |date=2016-10-27 |accessdate=2017-11-17}} 25. ^{{cite news | title = Sydney Snubbed At Rugby League World Cup | publisher = TRIPLE M | date = 19 June 2016 | url = http://www.triplem.com.au/sydney/sport/nrl/news/2016/7/sydney-snubbed-at-rugby-league-world-cup/ | accessdate = 20 June 2016}} 26. ^{{cite news | title = Tonga vs Samoa: Security beefed up at rugby league match after street brawls | publisher = nzherald.co.nz | date = 3 November 2017 | url = http://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/news/article.cfm?c_id=4&objectid=11940256 | accessdate = 3 November 2017}} 27. ^{{cite news | title = Watch: 'Poorly organised' – Tongan Advisory Council member slams lack of foresight at Rugby League World Cup | publisher = tvnz.co.nz | date = 3 November 2017 | url = https://www.tvnz.co.nz/one-news/new-zealand/watch-poorly-organised-tongan-advisory-council-member-slams-lack-foresight-rugby-league-world-cup | accessdate = 3 November 2017}} 28. ^{{cite news | title = RLWC 2017: Three Scotland players including captain Danny Brough sent home from World Cup | publisher = foxsports.com.au | date = 5 November 2017 | url = https://www.foxsports.com.au/nrl/world-cup/rlwc-2017-three-scotland-players-including-captain-danny-brough-sent-home-from-world-cup/news-story/7f75bfa4ff2ba74fe165a5bea657ffd6 | accessdate = 5 November 2017}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=https://mumbrella.com.au/seven-named-broadcaster-2017-rugby-league-world-cup-381376|title=Seven named as broadcaster for 2017 Rugby League World Cup – Mumbrella|date=18 July 2016|publisher=}} 30. ^{{cite web|author=Eoin Connolly |url=http://www.sportspromedia.com/news/channel_seven_wins_rugby_league_world_cup_tv_rights |title=Channel Seven wins Rugby League World Cup TV rights |publisher=Sportspromedia.com |date=8 April 2016|accessdate=6 June 2016}} 31. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.ran.de/rugby/news/rugby-league-world-cup-2017-live-auf-prosieben-maxx-116119|title=ran Rugby|date=10 October 2017|publisher=}} 32. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.fijitimes.com/story.aspx?id=392796 |title=Fiji TV secures RLWC rights|publisher=rlwc2017.com |date=14 March 2017|accessdate=7 October 2017}} 33. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.beinsports.com/france/coupe-du-monde-de-rugby-a-xiii/ |title=COUPE DU MONDE DE RUGBY XIII|publisher=beinsports.com |date=|accessdate=4 November 2017}} 34. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|author= |url=http://www.rlwc2017.com/broadcast-information |title=BROADCAST|publisher=rlwc2017.com |date=|accessdate=4 November 2017}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.co.uk/titlesearch.asp?title=Rugby+League+World+Cup+()|title=When is Rugby League World Cup () on TV next? – TV Guide UK TV Listings|first=|last=TVGuide|website=TVGuide.co.uk}} 36. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.rlwc2017.com/news/sky-sport-official-broadcaster-nz |title=SKY SPORT OFFICIAL BROADCASTER – NZ |publisher=rlwc2017.com |date=10 March 2017|accessdate=11 March 2017}} 37. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.rlwc2017.com/news/emtv-secures-broadcast-rights-women%E2%80%99s-rugby-league-world-cup-2017 |title=EM TV secures broadcasting rights |publisher=rlwc2017.com |date=10 March 2017|accessdate=11 March 2017}} 38. ^{{cite web|author= |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/rugby-league/41510260 |title=Rugby League World Cup 2017: BBC TV, radio & online coverage|publisher=bbc.com |date=2 November 2017|accessdate=4 November 2017}} 39. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.theweek.co.uk/rugby-league/89209/rugby-league-world-cup-2017-fixtures-odds-and-how-to-watch-on-tv |title=Rugby League World Cup 2017: results, fixtures, odds and how to watch on TV|publisher=theweek.co.uk |date=3 November 2017|accessdate=4 November 2017}} External links
12 : 2017 Rugby League World Cup|2017 in Australian rugby league|2017 in New Zealand rugby league|2017 in Papua New Guinea rugby league|2017 in rugby league|International rugby league competitions hosted by Papua New Guinea|Rugby League World Cup|Rugby League World Cups hosted by Australia|Rugby League World Cups hosted by New Zealand|October 2017 sports events in Oceania|November 2017 sports events in Oceania|December 2017 sports events in Oceania |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。