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词条 2195 Tengström
释义

  1. Orbit and classification

  2. Physical characteristics

      Rotation period    Diameter and albedo  

  3. Naming

  4. Notes

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 2195 Tengström
| background = #D6D6D6
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| discovery_ref =  
| discovered = 27 September 1941
| discoverer = L. Oterma
| discovery_site = Turku Obs.
| mpc_name = (2195) Tengström
| alt_names = {{mp|1941 SP|1}}{{·}}{{mp|1931 TC|3}}
1934 PQ{{·}}1936 DF
1943 GT{{·}}1944 QD
1951 VA{{·}}{{mp|1973 GC|1}}
{{mp|1974 RC|2}}{{·}}{{mp|1976 GO|4}}
| pronounced =
| named_after = Erik Tengström
{{small|(Swedish geodesist)}}[2]
| mp_category = main-belt{{·}}Flora [3]
| orbit_ref =  
| epoch = 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 85.57 yr (31,253 days)
| aphelion = 2.4574 AU
| perihelion = 1.9861 AU
| semimajor = 2.2217 AU
| eccentricity = 0.1061
| period = 3.31 yr (1,210 days)
| mean_anomaly = 317.69°
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2976|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 4.5747°
| asc_node = 100.96°
| arg_peri = 295.55°
| dimensions = {{val|7.14|1.13}} km[5]
{{val|7.17|0.41}} km[6]
{{val|8.627|0.060}} km[7]
{{val|8.732|0.044}} km[8]
8.98 km {{small|(calculated)}}[3]
| rotation = {{val|2.816|0.003}} h[10]
{{val|2.82|0.05}} h[11]
{{val|2.82092|0.00004}} h{{efn|name=LCDB-Pravec-2011}}
{{val|2.8210|0.0001}} h{{efn|name=LCDB-Pravec-2016}}
{{val|2.8211|0.0001}} h[11]
{{val|2.82112|0.00007}} h{{efn|name=LCDB-Higgins-2011}}
{{val|2.82117|0.00005}} h[11]
{{val|2.829|0.0007}} h[14]
| albedo = 0.24 {{small|(assumed)}}[3]
{{val|0.3361|0.0301}}[8]
{{val|0.343|0.051}}[7]
{{val|0.39|0.15}}[5]
{{val|0.453|0.106}}[6]
| spectral_type = M [8]{{·}}S [3]
| abs_magnitude = 12.1[8]{{·}}12.20[6]{{·}}{{val|12.237|0.001}} {{small|(R)}}[14]{{·}}{{val|12.27|0.23}}[25]{{·}}12.30[5]{{·}}12.4[3]
}}2195 Tengström, provisional designation {{mp|1941 SP|1}}, is a stony Florian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 8 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 27 September 1941, by Finnish astronomer Liisi Oterma at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland,[29] and named for Swedish geodesist Erik Tengström.[2]

Orbit and classification

Tengström is a member of the Flora family of stony asteroids, one of the largest families of the main belt. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 2.0–2.5 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,210 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic. It was first identified as {{mp|1931 TC|3}} at Lowell Observatory in 1931, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 10 years prior to its official discovery observation at Turku.[29]

Physical characteristics

Tengström has been characterized as a metallic M-type and stony S-type asteroid.[3][8]

Rotation period

Between 2006 and 2016, several well defined rotational lightcurves of Tengström were obtained by astronomers David Higgins, Petr Pravec, Pierre Antonini and René Roy ({{small|U=3/3/3/3/3}}).[11]{{efn|name=LCDB-Pravec-2011}}{{efn|name=LCDB-Pravec-2016}}{{efn|name=LCDB-Higgins-2011}} Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 2.821 hours with a brightness variation between 0.17 and 0.45 magnitude.{{efn|name=Lightcurveplot}} For an asteroid of its size, Tengström has a relatively fast spin rate, not far from the 2.2-hour threshold for fast rotators.

Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Tengström measures between 7.14 and 8.73 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a high albedo of 0.34 to 0.45. NEOWISE also classifies it as a metallic asteroid, despite its much higher albedo.[5][6][7][8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.24 – derived from 8 Flora, the family's largest member and namesake – and calculates a diameter of 8.98 kilometers using an absolute magnitude of 12.4.[3]

Naming

This minor planet was named after Swedish geodesist and astronomer Erik Tengström (1913–1996), emeritus professor at Uppsala University on the celebration of his 70th anniversary.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 28 March 1983 ({{small|M.P.C. 7782}}).[42]

Notes

{{notelist|30em|refs={{efn|name=LCDB-Pravec-2011|1=Pravec (2011) web: rotation period {{val|2.82092|0.00004}} hours; amplitude of {{val|0.31}} mag.; quality code of 3. Summary figures for (2195) Tengström at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2011)}}{{efn|name=LCDB-Pravec-2016|1=Pravec (2016) web: rotation period {{val|2.8210|0.0001}} hours; amplitude of {{val|0.21}} mag.; quality code of 3. Summary figures for (2195) Tengström at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) and Pravec, P.; Wolf, M.; Sarounova, L. (2016)}}{{efn|name=LCDB-Higgins-2011|1=Higgins (2011) web: rotation period {{val|2.82112|0.00007}} hours; amplitude of {{val|0.17}} mag.; quality code of 3. Summary figures for (2195) Tengström at Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL)}}{{efn|name=Lightcurveplot|1=Lightcurve plot from December 2011, 2.82092 hours and April 2016, 2.8210 hours by Pray, Kusnirak, Pravec Ondřejov Observatory – unpublished data}}

}}

References

1. ^{{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2195) Tengström |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 178 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2196 |chapter = (2195) Tengström }}
2. ^{{cite web |title = 2195 Tengstrom (1941 SP1) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2195 |accessdate = 17 February 2017}}
3. ^{{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |accessdate = 17 February 2017}}
4. ^{{cite web |title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (2195) Tengström |last = Behrend |first = Raoul |publisher = Geneva Observatory |url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#002195 |accessdate = 17 February 2017}}
5. ^{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = J. |last6 = Dailey |first7 = P. R. M. |last7 = Eisenhardt |first8 = R. S. |last8 = McMillan |first9 = T. B. |last9 = Spahr |first10 = M. F. |last10 = Skrutskie |first11 = D. |last11 = Tholen |first12 = R. G. |last12 = Walker |first13 = E. L. |last13 = Wright |first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun |first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury |first16 = T., IV |last16 = Gautier |first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion |first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins |date = November 2011 |title = Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011ApJ...741...68M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 20 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...68M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 |arxiv = 1109.4096 |access-date= 17 February 2017}}
6. ^{{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (2195) Tengström |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=2195%7CTengström |accessdate = 17 February 2017}}
7. ^{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = A. |last1 = Mainzer |first2 = T. |last2 = Grav |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = E. |last4 = Hand |first5 = J. |last5 = Bauer |first6 = D. |last6 = Tholen |first7 = R. S. |last7 = McMillan |first8 = T. |last8 = Spahr |first9 = R. M. |last9 = Cutri |first10 = E. |last10 = Wright |first11 = J. |last11 = Watkins |first12 = W. |last12 = Mo |first13 = C. |last13 = Maleszewski |date = November 2011 |title = NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 741 |issue = 2 |page = 25 |bibcode = 2011ApJ...741...90M |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 |arxiv = 1109.6407 }}
8. ^{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent |first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera |date = November 2012 |title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume = 759 |issue = 1 |page = 5 |bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M |doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 |arxiv = 1209.5794 |access-date= 17 February 2017}}
9. ^{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = C. R. |last1 = Nugent |first2 = A. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = J. |last3 = Masiero |first4 = J. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = T. |last6 = Grav |first7 = E. |last7 = Kramer |first8 = S. |last8 = Sonnett |first9 = R. |last9 = Stevenson |first10 = E. L. |last10 = Wright |date = December 2015 |title = NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015ApJ...814..117N |journal = The Astrophysical Journal |volume = 814 |issue = 2 |page = 13 |bibcode = 2015ApJ...814..117N |doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117 |arxiv = 1509.02522 |access-date= 17 February 2017}}
10. ^{{Cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = David |last1 = Higgins |first2 = Petr |last2 = Pravec |first3 = Peter |last3 = Kusnirak |first4 = Adrian |last4 = Galad |first5 = Leos |last5 = Kornos |first6 = Donald |last6 = Pray |first7 = Robert A. |last7 = Koff |date = December 2006 |title = Asteriod lightcurve analysis at Hunters Hill Observatory and collaborating stations - autumn 2006 |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2006MPBu...33...89H |journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin |volume = 33 |issue = 4 |pages = 89–91 |issn = 1052-8091 |bibcode = 2006MPBu...33...89H |access-date= 17 February 2017}}
11. ^{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Adam |last1 = Waszczak |first2 = Chan-Kao |last2 = Chang |first3 = Eran O. |last3 = Ofek |first4 = Russ |last4 = Laher |first5 = Frank |last5 = Masci |first6 = David |last6 = Levitan |first7 = Jason |last7 = Surace |first8 = Yu-Chi |last8 = Cheng |first9 = Wing-Huen |last9 = Ip |first10 = Daisuke |last10 = Kinoshita |first11 = George |last11 = Helou |first12 = Thomas A. |last12 = Prince |first13 = Shrinivas |last13 = Kulkarni |date = September 2015 |title = Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015AJ....150...75W |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 150 |issue = 3 |page = 35 |bibcode = 2015AJ....150...75W |doi = 10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75 |arxiv = 1504.04041 |access-date= 17 February 2017}}
12. ^{{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |access-date= 17 February 2017}}
[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

}}

External links

  • Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info)
  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
  • Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
  • Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
  • {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator|2194 Arpola |number= 2195| 2196 Ellicott}}{{Small Solar System bodies}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tengstrom}}

5 : Flora asteroids|Discoveries by Liisi Oterma|Minor planets named for people|Named minor planets|Astronomical objects discovered in 1941

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