| 词条 | 2301 Whitford |
| 释义 |
| minorplanet = yes | name = 2301 Whitford | background = #D6D6D6 | image = | image_size = | caption = | discovery_ref = [1] | discoverer = Indiana University {{nowrap|{{small|(Indiana Asteroid Program)}}}} | discovery_site = Goethe Link Obs. | discovered = 20 November 1965 | mpc_name = (2301) Whitford | alt_names = 1965 WJ{{·}}{{mp|1931 TR|2}} 1944 BB{{·}}1955 BC {{mp|1967 GK|1}}{{·}}1974 MD {{mp|1976 UA|4}} | pronounced = | named_after = Albert Whitford [1] {{small|(American astronomer)}} | mp_category = main-belt [1]{{·}}{{small|(outer)}} [5] background [6] | orbit_ref = | epoch = 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5) | uncertainty = 0 | observation_arc = 86.30 yr (31,522 d) | aphelion = 3.8557 AU | perihelion = 2.5071 AU | semimajor = 3.1814 AU | eccentricity = 0.2119 | period = 5.67 yr (2,073 d) | mean_anomaly = 100.82° | mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.1737|sup=ms}} / day | inclination = 11.653° | asc_node = 78.984° | arg_peri = 8.1290° | mean_diameter = {{val|16.56|ul=km}} {{small|(calculated)}}[5] {{val|17.40|3.72|u=km}}[9] {{val|19.47|1.37|u=km}}[10] | rotation = {{val|14.275|0.0049|ul=h}}[11] {{val|27.1|0.1|u=h}} {{small|(poor)}}{{efn|name=lcdb-Aznar-2011}} | albedo = 0.20 {{small|(assumed)}}[5] {{val|0.223|0.033}}[10] {{val|0.240|0.282}}[9] | spectral_type = L [15]{{·}}S {{small|(SDSS-MFB)}}[5]{{efn|name=SDSS-MFB}} | abs_magnitude = 10.80[10]{{·}}{{val|10.815|0.003}} {{small|(R)}}[11]{{·}}10.97[9]{{·}}11.0{{·}}11.27[5]{{·}}{{val|11.52|0.29}}[15] }}2301 Whitford, provisional designation {{mp|1965 WJ}}, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately {{convert|17|km|mi|abbr=off|sp=us}} in diameter. It was discovered on 20 November 1965, by astronomers of the Indiana Asteroid Program at Goethe Link Observatory in the United States.[1] The asteroid was named for American physicist and astronomer Albert Whitford.[1] The uncommon L-type asteroid has a rotation period of 14.3 hours.[5] Orbit and classificationWhitford is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[6] It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.5–3.9 AU once every 5 years and 8 months (2,073 days; semi-major axis of 3.18 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.21 and an inclination of 12° with respect to the ecliptic.The asteroid was first observed as {{mp|1931 TR|2}} at Lowell Observatory in October 1931. The body's observation arc begins ten years prior to its official discovery observation with its observation as {{mp|1955 BC}} at Goethe Link Observatory in January 1955.[1] Physical characteristicsWhitford has been characterized as an uncommon L-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS{{'}} photometric survey. It is also characterized as a common S-type asteroid in the SDSS-MFB (Masi Foglia Binzel) taxonomy.[5]{{efn|name=SDSS-MFB}} Rotation periodIn April 2012, a rotational lightcurve of Whitford was obtained from photometric observations in the R-band by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory in California. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 14.275 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.35 magnitude ({{small|U=2}}),[11] superseding a previous measurement of 27.1 hours ({{small|U=1}}).{{efn|name=lcdb-Aznar-2011}} Diameter and albedoAccording to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Whitford measures between 17.40 and 19.47 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.223 and 0.240.[9][10] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 16.56 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.27.[5] NamingThis minor planet was named after American physicist and astronomer Albert Whitford (1905–2002), who was a pioneer in photoelectric photometry. Whitford was also a director at the Washburn and Lick observatories, as well as a former president of the American Astronomical Society.[1] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 December 1983 ({{small|M.P.C. 8403}}).[35] Notes{{notelist|refs={{efn|name=lcdb-Aznar-2011|1=Aznar (2011) web: rotation period {{val|27.1|0.1}} hours with a brightness amplitude of {{val|1.0|0.05}} mag. Observation from November 2010. Quality code of 1. Summary figures at the LCDB}}{{efn|name=SDSS-MFB|1=Search for Unusual Spectroscopic Candidates Among 40313 minor planets from the 3rd Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Moving Object Catalog (publication). SDSS-MFB (Masi Foglia Binzel) taxonomy (catalog).}}}} References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web |title = 2301 Whitford (1965 WJ) |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2301 |accessdate = 19 March 2018}} [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]2. ^1 {{cite web |title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive |work = Minor Planet Center |url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html |accessdate = 19 March 2018}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |title = Small Bodies Data Ferret |work = Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0 |url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/PropertySearch/familyForm.action |accessdate = 19 March 2018}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web |title = LCDB Data for (2301) Whitford |publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB) |url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=2301%7CWhitford |accessdate = 19 March 2018}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero |first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer |first3 = T. |last3 = Grav |first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer |first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri |first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent |first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera |date = November 2012 |title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M |journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters |volume = 759 |issue = 1 |page = 5 |bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M |doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 |arxiv = 1209.5794 |access-date= 19 March 2018}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui |first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda |first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller |first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa |first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro |first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo |first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara |first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza |first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita |first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu |first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno |first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara |first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka |date = October 2011 |title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey |url = http://pasj.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/5/1117.full.pdf+html |journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan |volume = 63 |issue = 5 |pages = 1117–1138 |bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U |doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117 |access-date= 19 March 2018}} Online catalog 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Adam |last1 = Waszczak |first2 = Chan-Kao |last2 = Chang |first3 = Eran O. |last3 = Ofek |first4 = Russ |last4 = Laher |first5 = Frank |last5 = Masci |first6 = David |last6 = Levitan |first7 = Jason |last7 = Surace |first8 = Yu-Chi |last8 = Cheng |first9 = Wing-Huen |last9 = Ip |first10 = Daisuke |last10 = Kinoshita |first11 = George |last11 = Helou |first12 = Thomas A. |last12 = Prince |first13 = Shrinivas |last13 = Kulkarni |date = September 2015 |title = Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015AJ....150...75W |journal = The Astronomical Journal |volume = 150 |issue = 3 |page = 35 |bibcode = 2015AJ....150...75W |doi = 10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75 |arxiv = 1504.04041 |access-date= 19 March 2018}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite journal |display-authors = 6 |first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres |first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke |first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons |first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau |first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik |first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin |first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel |first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat |first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett |first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers |first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling |first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser |first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier |first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan |first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price |first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry |first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters |date = November 2015 |title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results |url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V |journal = Icarus |volume = 261 |pages = 34–47 |bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V |doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 |arxiv = 1506.00762 |access-date= 19 March 2018}} }} External links
5 : Background asteroids|Discoveries by Indiana University (Indiana Asteroid Program)|Minor planets named for people|Named minor planets|Astronomical objects discovered in 1965 |
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