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词条 2A46 125 mm gun
释义

  1. Description

  2. Tanks using the 2A46

  3. See also

     Weapons of comparable role, performance and era 

  4. Sources

  5. References

  6. Notes

  7. External links

{{More citations needed|date=October 2014}}{{Infobox weapon|is_artillery=yes|
|image=2A46M1 in Motovilikha Plants museum 2.jpg
|caption= 2A46M1 in Motovilikha Plants museum
|name= 2A46 125 mm gun
|era=modern
|target=general
|origin= USSR
|type= Smoothbore tank gun
|manufacturer=
|service=Since 1970
|prod_date= 1970–present
|used_by=
|wars=
|caliber= 125 mm
|part_length=
|velocity=APDS: 1715-1800 m/s

HEAT: 905-950 m/s

HE: 760 m/s


|range=APDS / HEAT: 3000 m

HE: 4000 m

ATGM: 5000 m


|weight=2A46: 2675 kg

2A46M: 2400 kg


|length=2A46: 6350 mm

2A46M: 6381 mm


}}

The 2A46 (also called D-81TM) is a 125 mm/L48 smoothbore cannon of Soviet origin used in several main battle tanks. It was designed by OKB-9 in Sverdlovsk.

Description

It was developed by the Spetstekhnika Design Bureau in Ekaterinburg in the 1960s originally for the T-64A tank. They were subsequently manufactured at Artillery Plant No. 9 in Ekaterinburg and Motovilikha in Perm. Versions include 2A46, 2A46M, 2A46M-1, 2A46M-2, 2A46M-4, 2A46M-5 and the Ukrainian KBA-3.

The 2A46 can fire armour-piercing fin-stabilised discarding sabot (APFSDS), high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) and high-explosive fragmentation (HEF) projectiles. The ammunition for the 2A46 gun is in two pieces: the projectile is loaded first, followed by a separate propellant charge.

The early versions of the 2A46 suffered from a relatively short barrel life, but this was subsequently rectified on the 2A46M-1 version. Depending on the version it offers {{convert|510.00|MPa|psi|abbr=on}} or from the 2A46M-1 {{convert|650.00|MPa|psi|abbr=on}} Pmax chamber pressure.[1]

The Ukrainian KBA guns are unlicensed copies of the 2A46 gun.

Projectile specifications for 2A46 and 2A46M[2][3][4][5][6][7]
Note: There are different ways to measure penetration value. NATO uses the 50% (This means that 50% of the shell had to go through the plate), while the Soviet/Russia standard is higher (80% had to go through). According to authorities like Paul Lakowski, the difference in performance can reach as much as 8%[8]
Shell indexProjectile indexCharge indexShell weight, kgProjectile weight, kgCharge weight, kgPenetration, mm/deg[9]
APDS shells
3VBM33BM9/3BM104Zh4019.65.675.0/5.0+3.4140/60°
3VBM63BM12/3BM134Zh4019.65.675.0/5.0+3.4150/60°
3VBM73BM15/3BM164Zh4020.05.95.0/5.0+3.4150/60°
3VBM83BM17/3BM184Zh4020.05.95,0/5,0+3,4150/60°
3VBM93BM22/3BM234Zh4020.26.555,0/5,0+3,4170/60°
3VBM113BM26/3BM274Zh6320.437.055.3/5.3+2.9200/60°
3VBM123BM29/3BM30210/60°
3VBM133BM32/3BM384Zh6320.557.055.3/5.3+2.9250/60°
3VBM173BM42/3BM444Zh6320.47.055.3/5.3+2.9230/60°
3VBM193BM42M/3BM44M4Zh6320.47.055.3/5.3+2.9270/60°
3VBM203BM46/3BM484Zh6320.47.055.3/5.3+2.9300/60°
125-mm KE[10]6.75.5/5.5+3.3
ZPS 125 mm APFSDS-T[11]4Zh635.855/5.855+3.0230/60°
125-I[12]23.07.37220/61,5°
125-II[13]23.07.44300/60°
HEAT Shells
3VBK73BK12(M)4Zh4029.019.05.0220/60°
3VBK103BK14(M)4Zh4029.019.05.0220/60°
3VBK163BK18(M)4Zh4029.019.05.0260/60°
3VBK173BK21B4Zh5229.019.010.0260/60°
3VBK253BK29(M)4Zh5228.418.410.0300/60°
3VBK273BK3119.0350/60°[14]
125-mm HEAT[15]19.0200/60°
125-mm HEAT-T[16]33.023.010,0
125-mm HEAT-T[17]19.5200/60°
M88[18]
HE shells
3VOF223OF194Zh4033.023.05.0
3VOF363OF264Zh4033.023.05.0
Practice HEAT shells
3VP53P114Zh4029.019.05.0
Practice APDS shells
3VP63P31/3P354Zh4019.55.25.0/5.0+4.3
Practice HE shells
3VP243P234Zh4033.023.05.0
Training shells
3VPU43PU124PU10519.19.6
3VPU53PU134PU10528.519.0
3VPU63PU144PU10532.523.0
Inert4Kh3313
Guided weapons for 2A46-2, 2A46M and their variants
ATGMs[19][20][21][22][23]
9M1129D12933.2250/60°
9M112M300/60°
9M112M231.124300..350/60°
9M12433.627.9450/60°
3UBK149M1199Kh94923.316.57.1325..375/60°
Sokol-14Zh6323.05.3350/60°
Explosive ATGMs[24][25]
3UBK14F9M119F9Kh94923.616.57.1
3UBK14F19M119F19Kh94923.316.56.8
Guided weapons for 2A46M and its variants
3UBK209M119M9Kh94924.317.27.1325..375/60°
3UBK20M9M119M19Kh94924.317.27.1425..450/60°
AP shells for 2A46M-5
3VBM223BM594Zh96750/0°
3VBM233BM604Zh96700/0°
???3BM69900/0°
???3BM70800/0°

Tanks using the 2A46

{{see also|T-72 operators and variants}}

The 2A46 has been used in numerous tanks, almost exclusively Soviet/Russian designs or foreign derivatives thereof

  • {{CRO}}
    • M-95 Degman
    • M-84D
  • {{flag|Iran}}
    • Zulfiqar
    • Karrar
  • {{Flagicon image|Flag of Iraq (1963-1991).svg}} Iraq
    • Asad Babil tank
  • {{PRK}}
    • Chonma-ho V (Ma)
    • Pokpung-Ho II & III
  • {{POL}}
    • PT-91 Twardy
  • {{flagicon|Romania|1952}} Socialist Republic of Romania
    • TR-125
  • {{RUS}}
    • T-90
    • T-80
    • T-72
    • T-67 (125mm gun-armed T-62)
    • T-64
    • T-55M6
    • Obyekt 640/Black Eagle
  • {{SRB}}
    • M-84AS
  • {{UKR}}
    • T-84
  • {{YUG}}
    • M-84

See also

  • 125 mm smoothbore ammunition
  • 2A45 Sprut - Soviet towed 125 mm anti-tank gun

Weapons of comparable role, performance and era

  • Royal Ordnance L11 and L30: British 120-mm rifled equivalents
  • GIAT CN120-26/52 : French 120-mm equivalent
  • Rheinmetall 120 mm gun : German 120-mm equivalent
  • IMI 120 mm gun : Israeli 120-mm equivalent

Sources

  • http://fofanov.armor.kiev.ua/

References

1. ^Vasiliy Fofanov's Modern Russian Armor Page
2. ^2А46ТО1. 125-мм танковые пушки 2А26, 2А46, 2А46-1, 2А46М, 2А46М-1, 2А46-2. Техническое описание и инструкция по эксплуатации. Часть 3. Боеприпасы.
3. ^{{cite book| author = Рособронэкспорт | chapter = Вооружение сухопутных войск| chapter-url = | format = | url = | title = Каталог экспортного вооружения | orig-year = Land forces weapons. Export catalogue| agency = | edition = |location= |year= 2003 |publisher= «Интервестник» |at= |volume= |issue = | page = 120 | series = | isbn = | ref = }}
4. ^{{cite book| author = А. В. Карпенко | chapter = Часть 1| chapter-url = | format = | url = | title = Каталог современного российского вооружения и конверсионной техники на международных выставках вооружений и военной техники (1992-2001 гг.) | orig-year = | agency = | edition = |location= С-Пб. |year= 2001 |publisher= «Бастион» |at= |volume= |issue = | page = 336 | series = | isbn = | ref = }}
5. ^{{cite journal|author=А. Хлопотов.|title=Танк Т-72БА: посредственная модернизация или модернизация по средствам?|work=Техника и вооружение: вчера, сегодня, завтра|location=М.|publisher=Техинформ|year=2009|number=10|pages=20}}
6. ^Jane’s Ammunition Handbook 2001—2002
7. ^{{cite journal|author=Суворов С.|title=Танк Т-64|work=Техника и вооружение: вчера, сегодня, завтра|type=Журнал|location=М.|publisher=«Техинформ»|year=2003|number=11|pages=28|issn=1682-7597}}
8. ^http://dziennikzbrojny.pl/artykuly/art,5,19,9828,wojska-ladowe,czolgi,pokonac-pancerz-czesc-iii-dane-amunicji-apfsds-t
9. ^Standard RHA plates at 2000 m
10. ^Slovakian and Czech variants
11. ^Polish variant
12. ^Chinese variant
13. ^Chinese variant
14. ^ERA armor.
15. ^Bulgarian variant
16. ^Iranian variant
17. ^Polish variant
18. ^Yugoslavian variant
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://ptyr.narod.ru/13_1.htm |title=Противотанковая управляемая ракета "9М119 9М117" |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=2013-01-20 |language= |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6E8lwsJ72?url=http://ptyr.narod.ru/13_1.htm |archivedate=2013-02-02 |deadurl=yes }}
20. ^А. В. Карпенко, Ракетные танки, стр. 36
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/missile/wobb/cobra/cobra.shtml |title=Комплекс управляемого танкового вооружения 9К112 Кобра |author= |date= |work= |publisher=Информационно-новостная система «Ракетная техника» |accessdate=2013-01-20 |language= |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6E8lxewBy?url=http://rbase.new-factoria.ru/missile/wobb/cobra/cobra.shtml |archivedate=2013-02-02 |deadurl=yes }}
22. ^Энциклопедия XXI век. Оружие и технологии России. Том 12. Средства поражения и боеприпасы, стр. 185
23. ^{{cite journal|author=Р. Ангельский.|title="Кобры" стерегут страну советов|work=Техника и вооружение: вчера, сегодня, завтра|location=М.|publisher=Техинформ|year=2006|number=07|pages=19}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.zid.ru/products/defence/51/detail/158 |title=Выстрел 3УБК14Ф с управляемой ракетой 9М119Ф |author= |date= |work= |publisher=Завод имени В.А. Дегтярёва |accessdate=2013-02-23 |language= |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EjxhyCkK?url=http://www.zid.ru/products/defence/51/detail/158 |archivedate=2013-02-27 |deadurl=yes }}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.zid.ru/products/defence/51/detail/157 |title=Выстрел 3УБК14Ф1 с управляемой ракетой 9М119Ф1 |author= |date= |work= |publisher=Завод имени В.А. Дегтярёва |accessdate=2013-02-23 |language= |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6EjxilgrP?url=http://www.zid.ru/products/defence/51/detail/157 |archivedate=2013-02-27 |deadurl=yes }}

Notes

{{reflist|group=note}}

External links

{{Comons category|125 mm gun 2A46}}

2 : 125 mm artillery|Tank guns

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