| 词条 | 357th Airlift Squadron |
| 释义 |
|unit_name= 357th Airlift Squadron |image=908th Airlift Wing C-130 over Maxwell AFB Alabama.jpg |image_size=300 |caption=Squadron C-130 Hercules landing at Maxwell AFB |dates=1942–1944; 1944–1946; 1952–present |country={{USA}} |branch={{air force|USA}} |type= |role=Airlift |size= |command_structure= Air Force Reserve Command |current_commander= |garrison= Maxwell Air Force Base |nickname= |patron= |motto= |mascot= |battles=Pacific Theater[1] |notable_commanders= |anniversaries= |decorations= Distinguished Unit Citation Air Force Outstanding Unit Award[1] |battle_honours= |identification_symbol= |identification_symbol_label=357th Airlift Squadron emblem (approved 26 June 1986)[1] |identification_symbol_2= |identification_symbol_2_label=357th Tactical Airlift Squadron emblem (1986)[2] |identification_symbol_3= |identification_symbol_3_label=357th Bombardment Squadron emblem (approved 20 November 1945)[3] }} The 357th Airlift Squadron is part of the 908th Airlift Wing at Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama. It operates Lockheed C-130 Hercules aircraft providing global airlift. HistoryWorld War IIActivated in early 1942 as a Consolidated B-24 Liberator Operational Training Unit, later becoming a Replacement Training Unit (RTU) for deployed combat units, assigned to II Bomber Command. Inactivated in April 1944. Redesignated as a Boeing B-29 Superfortress very heavy bombardment Squadron under Second Air Force on 1 April 1944 at Dalhart Army Air Field, Texas. Initially equipped with Boeing B-17 Flying Fortresses for training, due to shortage of Superfortresses. Moved to McCook Army Air Field, Nebraska in August 1944 and equipped with B-29B limited production aircraft. After completion of training deployed to Central Pacific Area, assigned to XXI Bomber Command at Northwest Field (Guam) for operational missions. B-29Bs were standard production aircraft stripped of most defensive guns to increase speed and bomb load, The tail gun was aimed and fired automatically by the new AN/APG-15B radar fire control system that detected the approaching enemy plane and made all the necessary calculations. Mission of the squadron was the strategic bombardment of the Japanese Home Islands. Dntered combat on 16 June 1945 with a bombing raid against an airfield on Moen. Flew first mission against the Japanese home islands on 26 June 1945 and afterwards operated principally against the enemy's petroleum industry. Flew primarily low-level, fast attacks at night using a mixture of high-explosive and incendary bombs to attack targets. Flew last combat mission on 15 August 1945, later flew in "show of Force" mission on 2 September 1945 over Tokyo Bay during formal Japanese Surrender. Inactivated on Guam 15 April 1946, personnel returned to the United States and aircraft sent to storage in Southwest United States. It was credited with participating in the Air Offensive, Japan; Eastern Mandates, and Western Pacific campaigns. The squadron received the Distinguished Unit Citation: Japan, 22–29 July 1945. Reserve operationsIt trained for troop carrier missions from 1952 to 1967. The squadron airlifted troops and their equipment during the Cuban Missile Crisis, October–November 1962. The squadron has flown numerous, worldwide airlift missions, including missions in the Gulf War and the Bosnian relief effort. It was awarded the Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards: 1 July 1972 – 15 March 1974; 1 January 1976 – 30 November 1977; 1 February 1980 – 31 January 1982; 1 September 1986 – 31 August 1988; 1 September 1991 – 31 August 1993. Lineage
Activated on 1 June 1942 Inactivated on 10 April 1944
Activated on 7 July 1944 Inactivated on 15 April 1946
Activated in the reserve on 14 June 1952 Ordered to active duty on 28 October 1962 Relieved from active duty on 28 November 1962 Redesignated 357th Tactical Airlift Squadron on 1 July 1967 Redesignated 357th Tactical Air Support Squadron on 25 April 1969 Redesignated 357th Tactical Airlift Squadron on 15 December 1971 Redesignated 357th Airlift Squadron on 1 February 1992[1] Assignments
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References{{Portal|United States Air Force|Military of the United States|World War II}}Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |url= http://www.afhra.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/433529/357-airlift-squadron-afrc/ |last1=Russell|first1=Edward T.|title=Factsheet 357 Airlift Squadron (USAFE)|date=September 5, 2008|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency|deadurl=no |accessdate=December 15, 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web |url= https://catalog.archives.gov/id/6412435 |title=Approved insignia for: 357th Tactical Airlift Squadron|date=September 15, 1986|publisher=National Archives Catalog|deadurl=no |accessdate=December 15, 2017}} 3. ^Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 444 Bibliography{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}
2 : Airlift squadrons of the United States Air Force|Military units and formations in Alabama |
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