| 词条 | 419th Flight Test Squadron |
| 释义 |
|unit_name=419th Flight Test Squadron |image=419th Flight Test Squadron - Rockwell B-1B Lancer Lot IV 85-0075.jpg |image_size=300 |caption=419th Flight Test Squadron - Rockwell B-1B Lancer 85-75
|dates=1942–1945; 1958–1962; 1989–present |country={{flag|United States|23px}} |branch= {{air force|USA}} |type= Squadron |role= Flight Testing |size= |command_structure=Air Force Materiel Command |garrison= Edwards Air Force Base, California |garrison_label= |nickname= |patron= |motto=Silent Sting |colors= |colors_label= |march= |mascot= |equipment= |equipment_label= |battles=European Theater of Operations Mediterranean Theater of Operations[1] |anniversaries= |decorations=Distinguished Unit Citation Air Force Outstanding Unit Award[1] |battle_honours= |battle_honours_label= |disbanded= |flying_hours= |website= |commander1= |commander1_label= |notable_commanders= |identification_symbol= |identification_symbol_label=419th Flight Test Squadron emblem (approved 21 February 1990)[1] |aircraft_attack= |aircraft_bomber= B-2 Spirit B-1 Lancer B-52 Stratofortress |identification_symbol_2= |identification_symbol_2_label=419th Bombardment Squadron emblem (approved 11 August 1961)[1] |identification_symbol_3=ED |identification_symbol_3_label=Tail code }} The 419th Flight Test Squadron is a United States Air Force squadron. It is assigned to the 412th Operations Group, Air Force Materiel Command, stationed at Edwards Air Force Base, California. During World War II, the 419th Bombardment Squadron was a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress squadron, assigned to the 301st Bombardment Group, Fifteenth Air Force. It earned Two Distinguished Unit Citations. In 1958, the squadron was activated as a Boeing B-47 Stratojet squadron as part of Strategic Air Command's nuclear force, but was discontinued four years later. In 1993, the squadron was consolidated with the 6519th Test Squadron, which had been conducting test operations at Edwards since 1989. OverviewThe 419th performs flight testing on B-2 Spirit, B-1 Lancer, and Boeing B-52 Stratofortress strategic bombers. HistoryWorld War IIEstablished as a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress heavy bombardment squadron in early 1942; trained under Second Air Force. Flew antisubmarine patrols off the California coast from, late May–early June 1942, then over the Mid-Atlantic coast during June–July 1942.[2] Deployed to European Theater of Operations (ETO) in August 1942, being assigned to VIII Bomber Command, one of the first B-17 heavy bomb squadrons assigned to England. Engaged in strategic bombardment operations over Occupied Europe attacking enemy military and industrial targets. Reassigned to Mediterranean Theater of Operations (MTO) as part of Operation Torch invasion of North Africa. Operated from desert airfields in Algeria and Tunisia during North African and Tunisian campaign. Assigned to Northwest African Strategic Air Force during Invasion of Sicily and later Italy in 1943. Allocated to Fifteenth Air Force for strategic bombing of Nazi Germany and occupied Europe. Attacked enemy targets primarily in the Balkans; Southern France; Southern Germany and Austria from southern Italy; engaged in shuttle bombing missions to airfields in the Soviet Union during the summer of 1944.[3][4] Personnel largely demobilized after German capitulation in May 1945; squadron reassigned to the United States and was programmed for conversion to B-29 Superfortess operations and deployment to Pacific Theater, plans canceled after Japanese capitulation in August 1945. Aircraft sent to storage and unit inactivated largely as a paper unit in October 1945.[2][5] Strategic Air CommandFrom 1958, the Boeing B-47 Stratojet wings of Strategic Air Command (SAC) began to assume an alert posture at their home bases, reducing the amount of time spent on alert at overseas bases. The SAC alert cycle divided itself into four parts: planning, flying, alert and rest to meet General Thomas S. Power’s initial goal of maintaining one third of SAC’s planes on fifteen minute ground alert, fully fueled and ready for combat to reduce vulnerability to a Soviet missile strike.[6] To implement this new system B-47 wings reorganized from three to four squadrons.[7][8] The 419th was activated at Lockbourne Air Force Base as the fourth squadron of the 301st Bombardment Wing. The alert commitment was increased to half the squadron's aircraft in 1962 and the four squadron pattern no longer met the alert cycle commitment, so the squadron was inactivated on 1 January 1962.[8] Flight Test SquadronReactivated as a flight test squadron at Edwards AFB in 1989 taking over the Air Force Flight Test Center Strategic Systems Division (B-52G/H Stratofortress). Also operated UAV test program (MQ-1 Predator) 1994-2000 when the UAV program was realigned. Gained B-1 Lancer program from the 410th Flight Test Squadron in 1991 when the 410th was moved to Palmdale and took over the F-117 Program. Gained B-2 Spirit program from the inactivating 420th Flight Test Squadron on 30 December 1997.[14] Lineage
Activated on 3 February 1942 Redesignated 419th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 22 April 1942 Redesignated 419th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy c. 6 March 1944 Redesignated 419th Bombardment Squadron, Very Heavy on 5 August 1945 Inactivated on 15 October 1945
Activated on 1 December 1958 Discontinued and inactivated on 1 January 1962
Redesignated 419th Test Squadron on 2 October 1992 Redesignated 419th Flight Test Squadron on 1 March 1994[1] Assignments
Stations{{col-begin}}{{col-break|width=50%}}
Operated From: Muroc Army Air Base, California, c. 28 May-14 Jun 1942
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See also{{Portal|United States Air Force|Military of the United States|World War II}}
References
1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite web |url= http://www.afhra.af.mil/About-Us/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/433592/419-flight-test-squadron/ |last1=|first1=|title=Factsheet 419 Flight Test Squadron|date=April 7, 2008|publisher=Air Force Historical Research Agency|deadurl=no |accessdate=July 10, 2017}} 2. ^1 Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 514 3. ^Millet, {{page needed|date=July 2017}} 4. ^Freeman, {{page needed|date=July 2017}} 5. ^Pimlott, {{page needed|date=July 2017}} 6. ^Schake, p. 220 (note 43) 7. ^Schake, p. 220 (note 43) 8. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://www.airforcehistoryindex.org/data/001/010/802.xml|last1=|first1=|title=Abstract (Unclassified), History of the Strategic Bomber since 1945 (Top Secret, downgraded to Secret)|date=1 April 1975|publisher=Air Force History Index|deadurl=no |accessdate=March 4, 2014}} 9. ^1 Rogers, {{page needed|date=July 2017}} Bibliography{{Air Force Historical Research Agency}}
2 : Flight test squadrons of the United States Air Force|Military units and formations in California |
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